就职演讲

Fellow_Citizens:
公民们：
The will of the American people,expressed through their unsolicited suffrages, calls me before you to pass through the solemnities preparatory to taking upon myself the duties of President of the United States for another term.
美国人民通过自愿选举所表达的意志，要求我站在你们面前通过这一庄重的仪式，作为我连任合众国总统职务的准备。
For their approbation of my public conduct through a period which has not been without its difficulties, and for this renewed expression of their confidence in my good intentions, I am at a loss for terms adequate to the expression of my gratitude.
你们对我在一个不无困难的时期执政的情况表示认可，对我良好的愿望再次表示信赖，对此我实在找不出适当的言词来表达我的感激。
It shall be displayed to the extent of my humble abilities in continued efforts so to administer the Government as to preserve their liberty and promote their happiness.
我将继续尽我微薄之力管理政府，维护你们的自由，促进你们的幸福，以此来表达我的感激之情。
My experience in public concerns and the observation of a life somewhat advanced confirm the opinions long since imbibed by me, that the destruction of our State governments or the annihilation of their control over the local concerns of the people would lead directly to revolution and anarchy, and finally to despotism and military domination.
我任公职的经验和对生活的略微高超的观察证实了我长久以来所形成的观点，废除我们的州政府或者取消它们对地方事务的控制，必然会直接导致革命或无政府状态，最终则导致专制和军事控制。
In proportion,therefore,as the General Government encroaches upon the rights of the States, in the same proportion does it impair its own power and detract from its ability to fulfill the purposes of its creation.
因此，如果中央政府侵害了各州的部分权利，也就损害了自身的部分权力，并减弱了部分的创造能力。
Solemnly impressed with these considerations,my countrymen will ever find me ready to exercise my constitutional powers in arresting measures, which may directly or indirectly encroach upon the rights of the States or tend to consolidate all political power in the General Government.
如果同胞们切实铭记这些考虑，便会发现我准备行使我的宪法权力，以阻止那直接或间接侵犯州权、或企图加强中央政府政治权力的各种措施。
But of equal,and,indeed,of incalculable,importance is the union of these Staes, and the sacred duty of all to contribute to its preservation by a liberal support of the General Government in the exercise of its just powers.
但是，具有同等而且确实是无可估量重要性的是这些州的联合，以及所有各州都大力支持中央政府行使其公正的权力，以此来维护其联合的神圣职责。
You have been wisely admonished to"accustom yourselves to think and speak of the Union as of the palladium of your political safety and prosperity, watching for its preservation with jealous anxiety,discountenancing whatever may suggest even a suspicion that it can in any event be abandoned, and indignantly frowning upon the first dawning of any attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the rest or to enfeeble the sacred ties which now link together the various parts."
你们曾被理智地告诫过：“你们要习惯于像对待护佑你们政治上的安全与繁荣的守护神那样想到它或谈论它；要小心翼翼、无微不至地保护它：要驳斥一切抛弃它的想法，即使对它抱有丝毫怀疑亦不允许；要义正词严地反对刚冒头的、一切可能使我国的任何部分与其他部分疏远并削弱连接全国各地的神圣纽带的种种企图。”
Without union our independence and liberty would never have been achieved; without union they never can be maintained.
没有联合，我们的独立和自由就永远不会取得；没有联合，独立和自由也决得不到维护。
Divided into twenty_four,or even a smaller number,of separate communities, we shall see our internal trade burdened with numberless restraints and exactions;
如果我国分裂为２４个独立的地区，或者即使数量上少一些，我们的国内贸易将为无数的限制和苛税所累；
communication between distant points and sections obstructed or cut off; our sons made soldiers to deluge with blood the fields they now till in peace; the mass of our people borne down and impoverished by taxes to support armies and navies, and military leaders at the head of their victorious legions becoming our lawgivers and judges.
遥远的市镇与地区之间的通讯联系将受阻或被切断；我们的孩子将被迫当兵，使他们现在还在和平耕种的土地血流成河；人民为负担陆海军的赋税而陷入贫困，率领着得胜军团的军事领袖们将成为我们的立法者和审判官。
The loss of liberty,of all good government,of peace,plenty, and happiness,must inevitably follow a dissolution of the Union.
随着联邦的解体，我们将不可避免地失去自由，失去这绝好的政体，失去和平、富裕和幸福。
In supporting it,therefore,we support all that is dear to the freeman and the philanthropist.
因此，支持联邦，我们就支持了自由人和博爱主义者所珍视的一切。
The time at which stand before you is full of interest.
我站在你们面前的这一时刻充分地引起了人们的注意。
The eyes of all nations are fixed on our Republic.
世界各国的目光都在注视着我们的共和政体。
The event of the existing crisis will be decisive in the opinion of mankind of the practicability of our federal system of government.
目前这个危机的结果将决定全人类对我们联邦制政府的可行性的看法。
Great is the stake placed in our hands; great is the responsibility which must rest upon the people of the United States.
置于我们手中的赌注是巨大的；置于美国人民肩上的责任是重大的。
Let us realize the importance of the attitude in which we stand before the world.
让我们意识到我们对全世界表明的这种态度的重要性。
Let us exercise forbearance and firmness.
让我们运用我们的克制态度和坚定信念。
Let us extricate our country from the dangers which surround it and learn wisdom from the lessons they inculcate.
让我们将我们的国家所从处的危险中解脱出来，从这些危险所反复说明的教训中汲取智慧。
Deeply impressed with the truth of these observations, and under the obligation of that solemn oath which I am about to take.
这些观察所得出的道理给我留下深刻的印象。既然我必须对我即将作的庄严誓词负责，
I shall continue to exert all my faculties to maintain the just powers of the Constitution and to transmit unimpaired to posterity the blessings of our Federal Union.
我将继续竭尽全力维护宪法所规定的正当权力，将我们合众国的福扯无损地传至后代。
At the same time,it will be my aim to inculcate by my official acts the necessity of exercising by the General Government those powers only that are clearly delegated; to encourage simplicity and economy in the expenditures of the Government; to raise no more money from the people than may be requisite for these objects, and in a manner that will best promote the interests of all classes of the community and of all portions of the Union.
同时，我的目标是，以我的官方行动，反复灌输中央政府只行使明确地授予它的权力的必要性；鼓励政府节俭开支；不向人民征收超过达到这些目标所需要的款项，最大限度地提高社会各阶级和联邦各州的利益。
Constantly bearing in mind that in entering intos society"individuals must give up a share of liberty to preserve the rest,"
我们要时刻牢记，在进入社会“个人必须放弃一份自由以维护其他人的自由，”
it will be my desire so to discharge my duties as to foster with our brethren in all parts of the country a spirit of liberal concession and compromise, and,by reconciling our fellow_citizens to those partial sacrifices which they must unavoidably make for the preservation of a greater good, to recommend our invaluable Government and Union to the confidence and affections of the American people.
我的愿望将是履行我的职责，并和全国各地的同胞们一起，培养一种宽容谦让的精神。使我们的公民安心于为维护更大的利益而必须作出部分的牺牲。从而使我们宝贵的政府和联邦能博得美国人民的信任和爱戴。

演讲全文

　　MONDAY, MARCH 4, 1833 Fellow-Citizens:

　　The will of the American people, expressed through their unsolicited suffrages, calls me before you to pass through the solemnities preparatory to taking upon myself the duties of President of the United States for another term. For their approbation of my public conduct through a period which has not been without its difficulties, and for this renewed expression of their confidence in my good intentions, I am at a loss for terms adequate to the expression of my gratitude. It shall be displayed to the extent of my humble abilities in continued efforts so to administer the Government as to preserve their liberty and promote their happiness.

　　So many events have occurred within the last four years which have necessarily called forth——sometimes under circumstances the most delicate and painful——my views of the principles and policy which ought to be pursued by the General Government that I need on this occasion but allude to a few leading considerations connected with some of them.

　　The foreign policy adopted by our Government soon after the formation of our present Constitution, and very generally pursued by successive Administrations, has been crowned with almost complete success, and has elevated our character among the nations of the earth. To do justice to all and to submit to wrong from none has been during my Administration its governing maxim, and so happy have been its results that we are not only at peace with all the world, but have few causes of controversy, and those of minor importance, remaining unadjusted.

　　In the domestic policy of this Government there are two objects which especially deserve the attention of the people and their representatives, and which have been and will continue to be the subjects of my increasing solicitude. They are the preservation of the rights of the several States and the integrity of the Union.

　　These great objects are necessarily connected, and can only be attained by an enlightened exercise of the powers of each within its appropriate sphere in conformity with the public will constitutionally expressed. To this end it becomes the duty of all to yield a ready and patriotic submission to the laws constitutionally enacted and thereby promote and strengthen a proper confidence in those institutions of the several States and of the United States which the people themselves have ordained for their own government.

　　My experience in public concerns and the observation of a life somewhat advanced confirm the opinions long since imbibed by me, that the destruction of our State governments or the annihilation of their control over the local concerns of the people would lead directly to revolution and anarchy, and finally to despotism and military domination. In proportion, therefore, as the General Government encroaches upon the rights of the States, in the same proportion does it impair its own power and detract from its ability to fulfill the purposes of its creation. Solemnly impressed with these considerations, my countrymen will ever find me ready to exercise my constitutional powers in arresting measures which may directly or indirectly encroach upon the rights of the States or tend to consolidate all political power in the General Government. But of equal and, indeed of incalculable, importance is the union of these States, and the sacred duty of all to contribute to its preservation by a liberal support of the General Government in the exercise of its just powers. You have been wisely admonished to "accustom yourselves to think and speak of the Union as of the palladium of your political safety and prosperity, watching for its preservation with Jealous anxiety, discountenancing whatever may suggest even a suspicion that it can in any event be abandoned, and indignantly frowning upon the first dawning of any attempt to alienate any portion of our country from the rest or to enfeeble the sacred ties which now link together the various parts." Without union our independence and liberty would never have been achieved; without union they never can be maintained. Divided into twenty-four, or even a smaller number, of separate communities, we shall see our internal trade burdened with numberless restraints and exactions; communication between distant points and sections obstructed or cut off; our sons made soldiers to deluge with blood the fields they now till in peace; the mass of our people borne down and impoverished by taxes to support armies and navies, and military leaders at the head of their victorious legions becoming our lawgivers and judges. The loss of liberty, of all good government, of peace, plenty, and happiness, must inevitably follow a dissolution of the Union. In supporting it, therefore, we support all that is dear to the freeman and the philanthropist.

　　The time at which I stand before you is full of interest. The eyes of all nations are fixed on our Republic. The event of the existing crisis will be decisive in the opinion of mankind of the practicability of our federal system of government. Great is the stake placed in our hands; great is the responsibility which must rest upon the people of the United States. Let us realize the importance of the attitude in which we stand before the world. Let us exercise forbearance and firmness. Let us extricate our country from the dangers which surround it and learn wisdom from the lessons they inculcate.

　　Deeply impressed with the truth of these observations, and under the obligation of that solemn oath which I am about to take, I shall continue to exert all my faculties to maintain the just powers of the Constitution and to transmit unimpaired to posterity the blessings of our Federal Union. At the same time, it will be my aim to inculcate by my official acts the necessity of exercising by the General Government those powers only that are clearly delegated; to encourage simplicity and economy in the expenditures of the Government; to raise no more money from the people than may be requisite for these objects, and in a manner that will best promote the interests of all classes of the community and of all portions of the Union. Constantly bearing in mind that in entering into society "individuals must give up a share of liberty to preserve the rest," it will be my desire so to discharge my duties as to foster with our brethren in all parts of the country a spirit of liberal concession and compromise, and, by reconciling our fellow-citizens to those partial sacrifices which they must unavoidably make for the preservation of a greater good, to recommend our invaluable Government and Union to the confidence and affections of the American people.

　　Finally, it is my most fervent prayer to that Almighty Being before whom I now stand, and who has kept us in His hands from the infancy of our Republic to the present day, that He will so overrule all my intentions and actions and inspire the hearts of my fellow-citizens that we may be preserved from dangers of all kinds and continue forever a united and happy people.

总统介绍
安德鲁•杰克逊（Andrew Jackson，1767年3月15日─1845年6月8日）是美国第七任总统（1829年—1837年）。首任佛罗里达州州长、新奥尔良之役战争英雄、民主党创建者之一，杰克逊式民主因他而得名。在美国政治史上，1820年代与1830年代的第二党体系(Second Party System)以他为极端的象征。

杰克逊是美国历史上第一位平民出身的总统。出生之前，父即去世。他少年时期住在西部边远地区，在那里度过了独立战争年代。他从一名边区律师起家，当过众议员、参议员、州最高法院法官、州民兵少将。第二次美英战争中，他坚韧不拔，肯与士兵共甘苦，被誉为“老胡桃木”。在新奥尔良战役中，他率兵大败英军，振奋全国，成为举国闻名的英雄。他第一次竞选总统时失败，第二次才获胜，是美国第一位民主党总统。任内大力加强总统职权，维护联邦统一，颇有政绩，史称“民主政治”，几与第三届总统杰斐逊齐名。
　　因作法强硬而知名的杰克逊，绰号“老山胡桃”(Old Hickory)及“印第安人杀手”，是首位出身与美国边陲地带相关的总统（他出生于南卡罗莱那，但大多居于田纳西）。
　　他于1767年3月15日出生在北卡罗来纳和南卡罗来纳交界地的一个新开拓的边远地区。13岁时就在军队里当通信员。17岁时，他决定学习法律，后来成为律师。1796年，他成为田纳西州在国会中的一名众议员。后来，又当过六个月的参议员，六年高等法院法官。
　　1812年战争爆发后，杰克逊由于其政治上的名望而在1814年被任命为志愿军少将。1815年1月，新奥尔良一役的胜利，使他名声大振，成为美国在战争中取得最伟大胜利的指挥官。1818年他率部队对佛罗里达的印第安人进行了一次远征，从此声望大增。
　　1828年11月4日，杰克逊当选为总统。1832年11月6日又蝉联总统。在他任职期间，他大大扩大了总统的权力，并停止设立美国国家银行；在各州拒绝执行国会法令期间，杰克逊的坚定态度阻止了南北卡罗来纳州解散合众国的企图，使内战推迟了30年，在围绕着杰克逊和他的对立面展开全国性的政治斗争的同时，出现了两个政党——追随杰克逊的民主党和反对他的国民共和党，或叫辉格党。
　　1845年6月8日，杰克逊在田纳西州他的家中去世，终年78岁。

杰克逊敢想敢做，性格粗犷，在爱情问题上表现得尤为充分。他和蕾切尔的爱情既富于浪漫色彩，又引起后人毁誉参半的评论。此后，他们为爱情付出了惨重的代价。他们俩蒙受“通奸”的恶名长达几十年之久。杰克逊在政治活动和个人生活中，经常受到他的政敌及一些别有用心的人中伤。对此，性格刚强的杰克逊不能容忍，特别是对败坏他与蕾切尔名誉的人是誓不两立。他总要提出决斗，要用自己的鲜血乃至生命来证明自己的清白。他共进行了几十次决斗，两次身负重伤，但他都奇迹般地活了下来。

其中最有名的一次决斗发生在1806年。当时有个叫查尔斯·迪金森的人肆意污辱蕾切尔，杰克逊火冒三丈，提出与之决斗。迪金森是田纳西州著名的枪手，枪法百步穿杨。当时许多人都劝杰克逊忍忍算了，但杰克逊决心为了蕾切尔与迪金森决一雌雄。于是两个人各自找了朋友做裁判，在一个空旷的田野上决斗。按照公认的决斗惯例，两人应彼此相距24英尺站好，由裁判下令后两人应同时开枪，如两人都未被对方击中，应重新站好，等裁判下令再同时开第二枪……直至双方中有一人先中弹倒地为止。迪金森见过世面，老谋深算。在决斗时，他还没等裁判发令，立即偷开了第一枪。子弹击中了杰克逊的胸部，幸运的是距心脏还差一英寸。他的胸部立刻鲜血如注，湿透了衣衫。他以顽强的毅力坚持站住，趔趄了几步忍痛站稳，向迪金森举起了枪。迪金森没想到杰克逊如此顽强，在杰克逊威严的目光下，他吓得魂不附体，载身想溜。但是裁判立即命令他回去原地站着。迪金森无奈，只好硬着头皮强作镇静，双臂交叉胸前站着，等杰克逊开枪。

杰克逊忍住钻心的疼痛，用仇恨的眼睛瞄准了迪金森，咬牙扳动了扳机。只听“砰”地一声，迪金森双手一扬，踉踉跄跄走了几步，便栽倒在地。

这次决斗使杰克逊威名大振。许多人因而不敢再放肆地辱骂他和妻子的人格了。杰克逊和蕾切尔的爱情共持续了34年，直到1829年他当选为美国总统。蕾切尔因长期的思想压力而体质虚弱，在进入白宫前因心脏病发作去世，终年61岁。他认为妻子是为政敌害死的。他站在妻子墓前悲痛欲绝地说：“上帝原谅害死她的人，因为我知道她宽恕他们，但我决不能。”

杰克逊身穿黑色丧服步入白宫，没有举行任何庆祝活动，这在美国总统就职史上是少见的。