词汇选项

1．He shifted his position a little in order to alleviate the pain in his leg.
A．control B．easy C．experience D．suffer
2．Our aim was to update the health service, and we succeeded.
A．offer B．provide C．modernize D．fund
3．She moves from one exotic location to another.
A．unusual B．familiar C．similar D．proper
4．Nothing would induce me to vote for him again.
A．teach B．help C．discourage D．attract
5．The photographs evoked strong memories of our holiday in France.
A．refreshed B．stored C．blocked D．erased
6．The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.
A．hot B．heavy C．fresh D．windy
7．Every week the magazine presents the profile of a well-known sports personality.
A．success B．description C．evidence D．plan
8．Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.
A．slightly B．completely C．partly D．faintly
9．The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.
A．big B．empty C．long D．new
10．We almost ran into a Rolls-Royce that pulled out in front of us without signaling.
A．overtook B．hit C．passed D．found
11．When I heard the noise in the next room, I couldn’t resist having a peep.
A．chance B．visit C．look D．try
12．He has been granted asylum in France.
A．power B．relief C．protection D．license
13．He was weary of the constant battle between them.
A．fond B．tired C．proud D．afraid
14．Newborn babies can discriminate between a man’s and a woman`s voice.
A．treat B．distinguish C．express D．analyzes
15．All the flats in the building had the same layout .
A．color B．size C．function D．arrangement

阅读判断
The Mind-Body Connections
Norman Cousins was a famous American magazine editor. In 1964, he returned from an overseas trip and then became very ill. In the hospital, he had terrible pain and couldn’t move his body. Doctors told him he had a serious disease called ankylosing spondylitis（强直性脊柱炎）and said he had only 1 chance in 500 of surviving. They gave him powerful drugs, but his condition only got worse.
Cousins had read about a theory that negative emotions can harm your health. He believed that positive emotions were good for one’s health, and he decided to try an experiment. He would fill his days with good feelings and laughter and see if that might improve his condition.
He left the hospital and moved into a hotel room. There, he got a large supply of funny TV programs and copies of old Marx Brothers movies and cartoons. He also hired a nurse to read funny stories to him. His plan was to spend the whole day laughing and thinking about happy things. On his first night in the hotel, Cousins found that laughing at the movies helped his body produce chemicals that reduced pain. For the first time in weeks, he could sleep comfortably for a few hours. Every time the pain came back, he watched another funny movie and laughed until he felt better.
Over time, Cousins was able to measure changes in his body with blood tests. He found that the harmful chemicals in his body decreased at least 5 percent every time he watched a funny movie. After a short time, he was able to stop taking all of his medications. Finally his condition improved so much that he could go back to work.
Cousins later wrote a book about how laughter and happiness helped him to survive a deadly illness. Many people didn’t believe his story and said that his doctors were wrong about his disease. But since then, research has found that emotions do have a strong effect on physical health, and experiments found that laughter can help to reduce pain. Scientists today are working to understand the ways that our minds affect our bodies.
16．Norman Gousins became ill while he was traveling in another country.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
17．Doctors told Cousins that he would probably die from his disease.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
18．Drugs helped to stop the pain of Cousins’s disease.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
19．Cousins started watching movies because he was bored.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
20．Cousins spent a lot of time laughing every day.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
21．Movies were better than funny stories for stopping pain.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
22．When Cousins wrote his book, everyone agreed with him.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
概括大意和完成句子
Multiple Sclerosis（多发性硬化症）
1　Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the patient’s immune（免疫的）system attacks the central nervous system. This can lead to numerous physical and mental symptoms, as the disease affects the transmission of electrical signals between the body and the brain. However, the human body, being a flexible, adaptable system, can compensate for some level of damage, so a person with MS can look and feel fine even though the disease is present.
2　MS patients can have one of two main varieties of the disease: the relapsing form（复发型）and the primary progressive form. In the relapsing form, the disease progresses in a series of jumps; at times it is in remission（减轻）which means that a person’s normal functions return for a period of time before the system goes into relapse and the disease again becomes more active. This is the most common form of MS; 80-90% of people have this form of the disease when they are first diagnosed. The relapse-remission cycle can continue for many years. Eventually, however, loss of physical and cognitive functions starts to take place and the remissions become less frequent.
3　In the primary progressive form of MS, there are no remissions and a continual but steady loss of physical and cognitive functions takes place. This condition affects about 10-15% of sufferers at diagnosis.
4　The expected course of the disease, or prognosis（预后）,depends on many variables: the subtype of the disease, the patient’s individual characteristics and the initial symptoms. Life expectancy of patients, however, is often nearly the same as that of an unaffected person - provided that a reasonable standard of care is received. In some cases a near-normal life span is possible.
5　The cause of the disease is unclear; it seems that some people have a genetic Susceptibility（易感性）,which is triggered by some unknown environmental factor. Onset（发作）of the disease usually occurs in young adults between the ages of 20 and 40. It is more common in women than men; however, it has also been diagnosed in young children and in elderly people.


23．Paragraph 1 ______
24．Paragraph 2 ______
25．Paragraph 3 ______
26．Paragraph 4 ______

A．The cause of MS
B．The relapsing form of MS
C．The treatment for MS
D．The primary progressive form of MS
E．The definition of MS
F．The development of MS


27．MS affects the communication of nerve cells between the body and ______
28．An MS patient can feel fine for years without being affected much by ______
29．10-15% of MS patients are diagnosed as having ______
30．Young adults might have a higher chance of developing the disease than ______

A．relatives of MS patients
B．the elderly people
C．the disease
D．the progressive form
E．the brain
F．life expectancy
阅读理解1
第一篇 Gross National Happiness
In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist（佛教）culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.
King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product（GNP）. The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country’s progress by people’s happiness. If the people’s happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness（GNH）.
GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.
Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Twenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.
Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.
Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.
31．Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?
A．A president.
B．A Buddhist priest.
C．A general.
D．A king.
32．Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?
A．To make its population grow.
B．To keep it separate from the world.
C．To encourage its people to get rich.
D．To keep its tradition and customs.
33．A country shows its progress with GNP by________.
A．selling more products.
B．spending more money.
C．spending less money.
D．providing more jobs.
34．According to GNH, people are happier if they________.
A．have new technology.
B．can change their religion.
C．have a good, stable government.
D．have more money.
35．Today, many countries are________.
A．using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.
B．working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.
C．taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.
D．trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.
第二篇 Caffeine
Caffeine is probably the most widely used drug in the world. Humans have been consuming caffeine for hundreds of years, primarily in the form of coffee, tea, and cocoa. Habitual coffee and tea drinkers had long been observed to have a lower incidence of non-melanoma（黑色素瘤）skin cancers, although no one knew why. A recent study found that caffeine affects skin cells damaged by ultraviolet radiation, a main cause of skin cancer. Caffeine interferes with a protein that cancerous cells need to survive, leaving the damaged cells to die before they become cancerous. Drinking caffeinated coffee has also been associated with a decreased incidence of endometrial（子宫内膜的）cancer - that is, cancer of the cells lining the uterus - the strongest effect appears to be in overweight women, who are at greatest risk for the disease. Researchers believe blood sugar, fat cells, and estrogen（雌性激素）may play a role. Although the mechanism remains unknown, people who drink more than two cups of coffee or tea a day reportedly have about half the risk of developing chronic liver disease as those who drink less than one cup of coffee daily; caffeinated coffee has also been associated with lowered risk of cirrhosis（肝硬化）and liver cancer.
While many of caffeine’s undesirable effects, such as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, are brief, some short-term benefits, including pain relief, increased alertness, and increased physical endurance, have also been attributed to caffeine. As a component of numerous over-the-counter diet pills and pain relievers, caffeine increases their effectiveness and helps the body absorb them more quickly. By constricting（收缩）blood vessels in the brain, it can alleviate headaches - even migraines（偏头痛）– and can help counter the drowsiness（眩晕）caused by antihistamines（抗组胺药）.
Caffeine does not alter the need for sleep, but it does offer a temporary solution to fatigue for people who need to stay alert. Research has shown that sleep-deprived individuals who consumed caffeine had improved memory and reasoning abilities, at least in the short term. Studies of runners and cyclists have shown that caffeine can improve their stamina - hence its addition to energy-boosting sports drinks.
People who consume a lot of caffeine regularly may develop temporary withdrawal symptoms, headache being the most common, if they quit or cut back on it abruptly. Fortunately, these symptoms last only a day or two in most cases. Individuals who are more sensitive to the stimulatory side effects of caffeine may want to avoid it, but most doctors agree that the equivalent of three cups of coffee a day does not harm healthy people. There is no medical basis to give up daily caffeine and many reasons to include a moderate amount in one’s diet.
36．Drinking coffee or tea may help
A．lower the incidence of being overweight.
B．lower the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer.
C．increase the incidence of endometrial cancer.
D．increase the incidence of liver cancer.
37．Caffeine is used to
A．reduce high blood pressure.
B．relieve headaches.
C．cure liver cancer.
D．treat skin cancer.
38．Some athletes use caffeine to
A．improve their speed.
B．increase their endurance.
C．maintain their alertness.
D．relax their muscles.
39．Caffeine withdrawal symptoms
A．can become an ongoing problem.
B．may last as long as a week.
C．are weight loss and mental disorder.
D．are usually short-lived.
40．Drinking three cups of coffee a day
A．may not be recommended by most doctors.
B．is harmful to healthy people.
C．will probably not cause problems.
D．may benefit sensitive people.
第三篇 Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others
Low-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others, according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences food scientist. The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat.
Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept food that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others, pointed out John Hayes, lead investigator on the study.
Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and consumption.
The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips, on multiple occasions, spread out over weeks. Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women, reportedly healthy, ranging in age from 20 to 40. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale, ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind.
“Most of us like the taste of salt. However, some individuals eat more salt, both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food,” said Hayes. “Supertasters, people who experience tastes more intensely, consume more salt than nontasters. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor, and at least for these foods, more is better, so the supertasters seem to like them more. ”
However, supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese, Hayes noted. “For example, cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented milk, but also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt,” he said. “A supertaster finds lowsalt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced.”
Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee, showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result, Hayes explained, we know that a wide range in taste acuity（敏锐）exists, and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color.
41．John Hayes points out in a recent study that
A．it is healthy to eat food without salt.
B．many people reject low-salt food completely.
C．food with less salt tastes better.
D．many people accept low-salt tasteless food reluctantly.
42．The fourth paragraph describes briefly
A．the purpose of the study.
B．the analysis of the research results.
C．the research methodology.
D．the conclusion of the study.
43．The article argues that supertasters
A．like snack foods as saltiness is their primary flavor.
B．like the taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in food.
C．consume less salt because they don’t like intensive tastes.
D．like to share salty cheese with nontasters.
44．In paragraph 6, the word “pronounced” is closest in meaning to
A．weary.
B．strong.
C．weak.
D．strange.
45．The last two paragraphs illustrate that taste acuity is
A．developed over time after birth.
B．related to one’s eye and hair color.
C．still unknown to scientists.
D．genetically determined.
补全短文
The Mysteries of Nazca
In the desert of Peru, 300 kilometers from Lima, one of the most unusual artworks in the world has mystified（迷惑）people for decades. _______ (46) But from high above, these marks are huge images of birds, fish, seashells, all beautifully carved into the earth.
The Nazca lines are so difficult to see from the ground that they weren’t discovered until the 1930s, when pilots spotted them while flying over the area. In all, there are about 70 different human and animal figures on the plain, along with 900 triangles, circles, and lines.
Researchers have figured out that the lines are at least 1,500 years old, but their purpose is still a mystery. _______ (47) However, it would probably be very tricky to land a spaceship in the middle of pictures of dogs and monkeys.
In the 1940s, an American explorer named Paul Kosok suggested that the drawings are a chronicle（记录）of the movement of the stars and planets. _______ (48) Later, an astronomer tested his theory with a computer, but he couldn’t find any relation between the lines and movements in space.
Another explanation is that the lines may have been made for religious reasons. British researcher Tony Morrison investigated the customs of people in the Andes Mountain and learned that they sometimes pray by the side of the road. It’s possible that in the past, the lines of Nazca were created for a similar purpose. _______ (49) But the local people have never constructed anything this big.
Recently, two other scientists, David Johnson and Steve Mabee, have speculated that lines could have been related to water. Nazca is one of the driest places in the world and receives only 2cm of rain every year. While Johnson was searching for ancient water sources in the area, he noticed that some waterways built ancient people were connected with the lines. Johnson believes that the Nazca lines are a giant map of the underground water in the area. _______ (50)
A．Other scientists are now searching for evidence to prove this.
B．A Swiss writer named Erich Von Daniken wrote that the Nazca lines were designed as a landing place for UFOs.
C．Scholars differ in interpreting the purpose of the designs.
D．The largest pictures may have been the sites for special ceremonies.
E．Seen from the ground, it looks like lines scratched into the earth.
F．He called Nazca “the largest astronomy book in the world”.
完形填空
Dreams
Everyone can dream. Indeed, everyone does dream. Those who ______ (51) that they never dream at all actually dream ______ (52) as frequently as the rest of us, ______ (53) they may not remember anything about it. Even those of us who are perfectly ______ (54) of dreaming night ______ (55) night very seldom remember those dreams in ______ (56) detail but merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated ______ (56). Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our ______ (57), so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste.
One of the world’s oldest ______ (58) written documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams. This volume is about five thousand years old, so you can ______ (59) that dreams were believed to have a special significance even then. Many ancient civilizations believed that you ______ (60) never wake a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to return ______ (61) time if the sleeper were suddenly awoken ______ (62)
From ancient times to the present ______ (63), people have been ______ (64) attempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance. There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation, although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dream ______ (65) there are books.
51．A．demand B．promise C．agree D．claim
52．A．also B．just C．only D．quite
53．A．though B．besides C．however D．despite
54．A．familiar B．aware C．accustomed D．used
55．A．after B．on C．through D．over
56．A．great B．strong C．high D．deep
57．A．efforts B．senses C．tastes D．words
58．A．known B．considered C．regarded D．estimated
59．A．see B．feel C．ensure D．think
60．A．would B．should C．ought D．need
61．A．in B．by C．with D．for
62．A．awoke B．awoken C．awake D．awaken
63．A．minute B．hour C．moment D．day
64．A．doing B．putting C．making D．taking
65．A．like B．so C．as D．such
参考答案
2012年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案（卫生类A级）
1 B 2 C 3 A 4 D 5 A
6 C 7 B 8 B 9 B 10 B
11 C 12 C 13 B 14 B 15 D
16 B 17 A 18 B 19 B 20 A
21 C 22 B 23 E 24 B 25 D
26 F 27 E 28 C 29 D 30 B
31 D 32 D 33 A 34 C 35 D
36 B 37 B 38 B 39 D 40 C
41 D 42 C 43 A 44 B 45 D
46 E 47 B 48 F 49 D 50 A
51 D 52 B 53 A 54 B 55 A
56 A 57 D 58 A 59 A 60 B
61 B 62 B 63 D 64 C 65 C
其中：
第一部分：第1～15题，每题1分，共15分；
第二部分：第16～22题，每题1分，共7分；
第三部分：第23～30题，每题1分，共8分；
第四部分：第31～45题，每题3分，共45分；
第五部分：第46～50题，每题2分，共10分；
第六部分：第51～65题，每题1分，共15分。
试卷满分：100分。
答案解析
第1部分：词汇选项
1．B　题意：他稍微换了个姿势，以减轻腿部的疼痛。
句子中alleviate的意思是减轻，缓和。A中control的意思是控制，管理；例句：He has little control over his emotions.他控制不住自己的感情。B中ease的意思是缓解，减少；例句：The pain began to ease up after she was given a sedative.给她吃了一片镇痛药后，她的疼痛开始减轻。C中experience的意思是经验，体验。例句：You didn’t experience that, so you don’t know where the shoe pinches.你没有亲身经历过，所以你不知道困难在什么地方。D中suffer的意思是受痛苦；例句：I won’t stand by and let him suffer like this.我不会袖手旁观，让他这样受苦。故选B。
2．C　题意：我们的目标是更新健康服务，我们做到了。
句子中update的意思是更新。A中offer的意思是提供，给予；例句：We offer a free backup service to customers.对顾客我们提供免费配套服务。B中provide的意思是提供，供给；例句：Sheep provide us with wool.羊供给我们羊毛。C中modernize的意思是使现代化；例句：They have failed to modernize their factories.他们没能使他们的工厂现代化。D中fund的意思是提供资金；例句：I regret to say we cannot see our way clear to fund the project.我很抱歉，我们无意为此项工程提供资金。故选C。
3．A　题意：她在异国他乡辗转。
句子中exotic的意思是异国的，奇异的。A中unusual的意思是不常见的，独特的；例句：I look on the matter as most unusual.我认为这件事极不寻常。B中familiar的意思是熟悉的；例句：I am not really familiar with the local laws.实际上我对当地的法律并不熟。C中similar的意思是类似的；例句：The two buildings are similar on the whole.从整体来看，这两栋楼是相似的。D中proper的意思是适当的；例句：He could not come up with a proper answer.他想不出一个合适的回答。故选A。
4．D　题意：什么也不能引诱我再给他投一次票了。
句子中induce的意思是引诱。A中teach的意思是教，训练；例句：I taught her to ride a bicycle.我教她骑自行车。B中help的意思是帮助；例句：Your advice helped me a lot.你的意见对我大有帮助。C中discourage的意思是使气馁，使沮丧；例句：He is easily discouraged by difficulties and obstacles.他遇到困难和阻碍就容易泄气。D中attract的意思是吸引，诱惑；例句:The government is trying to attract more investment into the shipbuilding industry.政府正在试图吸引更多资金投资到造船业方面来。故选D。
5．A　题意：这些照片勾起了我们对法国度假的强烈回忆。
句子中evoked的意思是引起，唤起。A中refreshed的意思是使恢复，使振作；例句：Please refresh my memory as to where we have met before.请提示一下，以前我们在什么地方见过。B中stored的意思是储存；例句：The barn can store five tons of grain.这个谷仓能放五吨粮食。C中blocked的意思是阻塞，阻碍；例句：Hundreds of policemen were summoning up to block the main roads.几百名警察集合起来，阻住了主干道。D中erased的意思是擦掉，抹去；例句：She couldn’t erase the incident from memory.她难以忘记那次事件。故选A。
6．C　题意：空气清新，50里以外的山峦都能看到。
句子中crisp的意思是新鲜的。A中hot的意思是热的，辣的；例句：This dish is a bit hot.这道菜有些辣。B中heavy的意思是重的；例句：The lead is heavy and the plastic is light.铅是重的，而塑料是轻的。C中fresh的意思是新鲜的，新的；例句：Open the window and let in some fresh air.打开窗户，让新鲜的空气进来。D中windy的意思是有风的；例句：Hold on to the hat on a windy day.在有风的日子里请紧紧抓住帽子。故选C。
7．B　题意：每周杂志都会刊登一名体育明星的个人简介。
句子中profile的意思是个人简介。A中success的意思是成功，成就；例句：The school has only been open for six months, so it’s hard to evaluate its success.该学校仅开办了六个月，现在还很难估计它的成就。B中description的意思是描述，形容；例句：The scenery is beautiful beyond descriptions.那风景美丽得难以形容。C中evidence的意思是证词，证据；例句Evidence weighted against the defendant.证词很不利于被告。D中plan的意思是计划；打算，平面图；例句：Her plan is merely a castle in the sky.她的方案简直是天方夜谭。故选B。
8．B　题意：她关于男人的评论真是一派胡言。
句子中utterly的意思是完全地，彻底地。A中slightly的意思是轻微的；例句：My interest in music has languished slightly.我对音乐的兴趣有点减退。B中completely的意思是完整地，彻底地；例句：I understand completely.我完全明白。C中partly的意思是部分地，不完全地；例句：The transformation is partly due to demographics.这一变化一定程度上源于人口的变化。D中faintly的意思是微弱地，隐约地；例句：One can faintly discern the flavor of lemon.可以隐约觉得有一点柠檬味。故选B。
9．B　题意：这面墙是空心砖搭建的。
句子中hollow的意思是空的，空洞的。A中big的意思是大的；例句：New York is a big commercial city.纽约是一座大的商业城市。B中empty的意思是空的。例句：The old empty house soon went to rack and ruin.这所旧的空房子很快就毁坏了。C中long的意思是长的；例句：She was slender and had long dark hair.她身材苗条，有一头长长的黑发。D中new的意思是新的；例句：They sell new and used furniture.他们出售新旧家具。故选B。
10．B　题意：我们差点撞上前面一辆没有打信号灯的劳斯菜斯。
句子中run into的意思是碰撞。
A中overtook的意思是追上，赶上；例句：A car overtook me although I was going very fast.我虽然开得很快，还是被一辆汽车超过了.
B中hit的意思是打击，碰撞；例句：She hits at him.她朝他打去。
C中passed的意思是通过，传递；例句：The bill passed and became law.议案通过后成了法律。
D中found的意思是发现；例句：We have found oil under the North Sea.我们在北海发现了石油。故选B。
11．C　题意：当我听到隔壁的响声的时候，忍不住要偷看几眼。
句子中peep的意思是窥视，偷看。
A中chance的意思是机会，机遇；例句：Please give me a chance to explain.请给我个机会让我解释一下。
B中visit的意思是访问，探望；例句：News of the Queen’s visit set the whole town astir.女王到访的消息轰动全城。
C中look的意思是看，瞧；例句：Let’s have a look at your electronic computer.让我们瞧一瞧你们的电子计算机。
D中try的意思是尝试，试验，努力；例句：It’s worth a try.这值得一试。故选C。
12．C　题意：他被允许在法国避难。
句子中asylum的意思是庇护，政治避难。
A中power的意思是动力，力量，政权；例句：A man should rely upon his own power.人应该依靠自身的力量。
B中relief的意思是宽慰，免除，救援物资；例句：Relief was quickly sent to the sufferers from the great fire.救济品很快被送到遭受火灾的灾民手中。
C中protection的意思是保护；例句：He’s devoted his whole life to the protection of the rare animals.他终生献身于保护稀有动物。
D中license的意思是许可证，执照。例句：His license was suspended for six months.他的执照被吊销6个月。故选C。
13．B　题意：他厌倦了他们之间没完没了的斗争。
句子中be weary of的意思是厌倦的。A中be fond of的意思是喜欢；例句：He was fond of celery.他喜欢吃芹菜。B中be tired of的意思是讨厌，厌倦；例句：He was tired of running errands for his sister.他已厌烦给姐姐当跑腿了。C中be proud of的意思是感到自豪；例句：He was proud of what he had done.他因自己所作的事感到自豪。D中be afraid of的意思是感到害怕。例句：She lives in mortal terror of her husband’s anger.她极度害怕丈夫发脾气。故选B。
14．B　题意：新生儿能区分男人和女人的声音。
句子中discriminate的意思是区别，辨出。A中treat的意思是款待，招待，对待（例句：Do not treat a naughty child rough.不要除暴地对待顽皮的孩子。B中distinguish的意思是区分，辨别；例句：Speeches distinguish human beings from animals.人类和动物的区别在于人会说话。C中express的意思是表达，传递；例句：He is still unable to express himself in English.他仍然不能用英语表达自己的意思。D中analyze的意思是分析，解释；例句：Can you analyze the structure of the sentence for me? 你能给我分析一下这个句子的结构吗？故选B。
15．D　题意：这个建筑物的套间布局都完全相同。
句子中layout的意思是布局，布罝。A中color的意思是颜色，色彩；例句：This is a sort of indeterminate color.这是一种说不清的颜色。B中size的意思是大小.尺寸；例句：The size of the apples varied.那些苹果大小不同。C中function的意思是功能，作用；例句：What is his function on the committee? 他在委员会里担任什么职务？D中arrangement的意思是安排，布局；例句：The arrangement of the furniture formed a pleasing ensemble.这些家具摆放得悦目而和谐。故选D。
第2部分：阅读判断
16．B　题意：诺曼•科赛因去别的国家旅行时生病了。
根据文章第一段第一、二句Norman Cousins was a famous American magazine editor. In 1964, he returned from an overseas trip and then became very ill可得知，诺曼•科赛因的病是海外旅行回来后得的。所以题干叙述错误，故选B.
17．A　题意：医生告诉科赛因他很可能因病而死。
根据文章第一段第三句Doctors told him he had a serious disease called ankylosing spondylitis and said he had only 1 chance in 500 of surviving可得知，他只有1/500的存活机会，所以题干中医生说他很可能会死是正确的。故选A。
18．B　题意：药物帮助科赛因止疼。
根据文章第一段最后一句They gave him powerful drugs, but his condition only got worse可得知，使用药物并没有使科赛因的情况变好。所以题干叙述错误，故选B。
19．B　题意：科赛因看电视是因为他太无聊了。
根据文章第二段倒数第一、二句…he decided to try an experiment. He would fill his days with good feelings and laughter and see if that might improve his condition.叙述可得知，他看电视是想带来欢笑，并期望借此能够缓解他的病情，而并不是为了打发无聊的时光。所以题干说法错误。故选B。
20．A　题意：科赛因每天花很多时间去笑。
根据文章第二段最后一句He would fill his days with good feelings and laughter和第三段第三句His plan was to spend the whole day laughing and thinking about happy things可得知，他要让每一天都充满欢笑。所以题干叙述正确，故选A。
21．C　题意：电影比幽默故事的止疼效果更好。
文中并没有提及电影和幽默故事哪个对止疼更有效。故选C。
22．B　题意：当科赛因出书后，每个人都同意他的观点。
根据文章第五段第二句Many people didn’t believe his story and said that his doctors were wrong about his disease叙述可知，诺曼•科赛因的书出版后，很多人认为是医生误诊了，并不相信他的治愈是因为“欢笑疗法”所起的作用。所以题干叙述错误，故选B.
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23．E　第一段主要讲述多发性硬化症的定义及其症状，所以本题选The Definition of MS（多发性硬化症的定义），故选E。
24．B　第二段主要讲述复发型多发性硬化症相关的内容。所以本题选The Relapsing Form of MS（复发型多发性硬化症），故选B。
25．D　第三段主要讲述原发进展型多发性硬化症的相关内容。所以本题选The Primary Progressive Form of MS（原发进展型多发性硬化症），故选D。
26．F　第四段主要讲述患多发性硬化症的后果。所以本题选The Development of MS（多发性硬化症的发展），故选F。
27．E　句意：多发性硬化症影响年轻人躯体和……之间的神经细胞的联络。
根据第一段第二句后半句as the disease affects the transmission of electrical signals between the body and the brain可知应选多发性硬化症影响躯体与大脑间的电信号传输。故选E。
28．C　句意：多发性硬化症患者可以不受……的影响很好地生活多年。
根据第一段最后一句However, the human body, being a flexible, adaptable system, can compensate for some level of damage, so a person with MS can look and feel fine even though the disease is present.可知，由于人体的灵治性与适应性多少可以补偿因疾病所造成的损害，所以病人仍可不受疾病的影响，看起来很好，故选C。
29．D　句意：10%〜15%的患者被诊断为……。
第三段讲述原发进展型多发性硬化症的相关内容，由最后一句This condition affects about 10〜15% of sufferers at diagnosis可获知此项应为“原发进展型多发性硬化症”，故选D。
30．B　句意：年轻成人比……得此病的几率更高。
根据文章政后一段最后两句Onset of the disease usually occurs in young adults between the ages of 20 and 40. It is more common in women than men; however, it has also been diagnosed in young children and in elderly people，可知患此病的人通常年龄在20岁到40岁之间，故选B。
第4部分：阅读理解
第一篇
31．D　题意：Jigme Singye Wangchuck是谁？
根据文章第一段最后一句…a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern可知，Wangchuck是一位新上任的国王。故选D。
32．D　题意：除了使不丹现代化，Wangchuck还希望为不丹做什么？
根据文章第一段最后一句…King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions,说明Wangchuck不希望不丹丢掉其传统，而第三段第三句They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs也说明Wangchuck推行的GNH(国民幸福总值)政策中，如果能保持传统文化和风俗则国民会更幸福。故选D。
33．A　题意：一个国家进步在GNP中体现为……。
根据文中第二段第三、四句The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress可知，GNP用商品和金钱来衡量，卖出的商品越多，国家似乎越进步。故选A。
34．C　题意：根据GNH，人民若……会更幸福。
文章第三段集中讲述GNH,人们更幸福包括they have health care，education, and jobs； they live in a healthy, protected environment; they can keep their traditional culture and customs; they have a good, stable government。由此可知C项正确。
35．D　题意：现在，很多国家……。
根据文章第五段第二、三句Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness可知，很多国家用自己的方式去衡量幸福，故选D。
第二篇
36．B　题意：喝咖啡或者茶对……有好处。
根据文章第一段第三句Habitual coffee and tea drinkers had long been observed to have a lower incidence of non-melanoma skin cancers可知，常喝咖啡和茶的人得皮肤癌的概率低，所以B项正确。A项文中并未提及。根据文章第一段第六句Drinking caffeinated coffee has also been associated with a decreased incidence of endometrial cancer可知，常喝咖啡与子宫内腹癌发病率的降低有相关性，所以C项错误。根据文章第一段最后一句caffeinated coffee has also been associated with lowered risk of cirrhosis and liver cancer可知，咖啡因也与降低患肝硬化和肝癌的风险有关，所以D项错误。故本题选B。
37．B　题意：咖啡因可用于……
根据文章第二段倒数第一、二句As a component…caffeine increases their effectiveness and helps the body absorb them more quickly. By constricting blood vessels in the brain, it can alleviate headaches可知，咖啡因有助于止痛药的吸收，且通过是脑内血管收缩能够缓解头痛，所以B项正确。根据文章第二段第一句many of caffeine’s undesirable effects, such as elevated…blood pressure可知咖啡因使血压升高，而非降低，所以A项错误。根据第一段第三句Habitual coffee and tea drinkers…have a lower incidence of non-melanoma skin cancers和最后一句caffeinated coffee has also been associated with lowered risk of…liver cancer可知，咖啡因与降低患皮肤癌和肝癌的风险有关，而文章并未提及可用咖啡因来治疗肝癌与皮肤癌，所以C项和D项错误。故本题选B.
38．B　题意：一些运动员用咖啡因……。
题目所给选项中，B项与文章第二段第一句“…some short-term benefits, including pain relief，increased alertness, and increased physical endurance所叙相符，并且根据第三段最后一句hence its addition to energy-boosting sports drinks可知，将咖啡因加入运动员补充能量的饮料中，所以B项正确。而A项与D项文章并未提及。C项有一定的迷惑性。由文章第三段第一、二句Caffeine…does offer a temporary solution to fatigue for people who need to stay alert. Research has shown.” improved memory and reasoning abilities可知，咖啡因能够使疲劳的人保持清醒，且睡眠不好的人喝咖啡后其记忆力和理解力得到改善，而这些所指的都不是运动员的情况，C项张冠李戴，故错。所以本题选B。
39．D　题意：戒掉咖啡因产生的症状会……。
根据文章最后一段第一、二句….headache being the most common…these symptoms last only a day or two in most cases叙述可知，戒掉咖啡因会带来短暂的不适，但这些症状只会持续一到两天的时间，所以A项和B项错误，D项正确。C项文中并未提及，所以本题选D。
40．C　题意：每天喝三杯咖啡……。
根据文章最后一段倒数第二句…most doctors agree that the equivalent of three cups of coffee a day does not harm healthy people可知，多数医生都认为每天喝三杯咖啡并不会影响健康，所以C项正确，而A项和B项错误。D项并未提及。所以本题选C。
第三篇
41．D　题意：约翰•海耶斯在最近的一份研究中指出……。
根据文章第二段第一句Those conclusions are important because recent, well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others可知尽管口感不好，许多人也勉强接受了低盐生活，所以D项正确。根据文章第一段最后一句The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat可知，研究结果主要的发现是口味的轻重与遗传因素有关，所以A项、B项和C项都错误。所以本题选D。
42．C　题意：第四段简要叙述了……。
第四段主要讲述实验的食物（salty foods such as soup and chips）、实验对象（test subjects)等并没有提及实验的目的（A项）、分析（B项）及结果（D项）。所以第四段讲述的是实验的方法。故本题选C。
43．A　题意：本文指出了口味重的人……。
根据文章第五段倒数第一、二句Supertasters…consume more salt than do nontasters. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor...so the supertasters seem to like them more可知，口味重的人喜欢有咸味的零食，所以A项正确，而C项错误。根据第五段第二句both because they like the taste of saltiness more, and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food可知，一些人吃盐多一方面因为他们口味重，另一方面咸味可以遮盖食物中其它他们不喜欢的味道，所以B项说法错误。 D项文中没有提及。故本题选A。
44．B　题意：在第六段中，单词“pronounced”的意思是……。
根据第六段第一句supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese可知口味重的人需要咸味来遮盖如奶酪等食物中其他他们不喜欢的味道。而本段最后一句A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronounced由此可以猜测低盐奶酪是因为没有盐味的遮盖而太苦，所以口味重的人不喜欢。四个选项中A项意为“疲倦的”；B项意为“强烈的”;C项意为“微弱的”；D项意为“奇怪的”。所以本题选B。
45．D　题意：最后两段指出味觉敏锐度……。
根据文章最后两段的叙述，可知味觉敏锐度是由基因决定的，而不是出生后慢慢发展起来的，所以D项正确，而A项错误，味觉敏锐度的不同就像人与人的眼睛和头发颜色不同一样平常，两者并不是影响关系，所以B项错误。海耶斯关于味觉敏锐度的叙述引用的是75年前的结论，所以味觉敏锐度仍是未知领域是错误的，所以C项错误。所以本题选D。
第5部分：补全短文
46．E　句意：从地面上，它像是地球背上的划痕。
本处后一句But from high above, these marks are huge images of birds, fish, seashells, all beautifully carved into the earth描述的是从空中看“纳斯卡线”的情景，but表示转折。而E项的内容说明的是从地面上看“纳斯卡线”的情景，两句话正好形成对照，且文意非常通顺，所以本题选E。
47．B　句意：瑞士作家艾里希•冯•达尼肯写道：“纳斯卡线被设计作为UFO的降落地点。”
本处后一句However, it would probably be very tricky to land a spaceship in the middle of pictures of dogs and monkeys有关键词and a spaceship，而与B项内容的landing place for UFOs形成呼应，所以本题选B。
48．F　句意：他称纳斯卡为“世界上最大的天文书’
本处前一句In the 1940s，an American explorer named Paul Kosok suggested that the drawings are a chronicle of the movement of the stars and planets说明Paul Kosok认为纳斯卡线是星与星球运转的记录，而本处后一句Later, an astronomer tested his theory with a computer讲述有天文学家验证他的理论。本处上下文都在讲Paul Kosok的观点，而将F项内容补入后，前后文意清晰.所以本题选F。
49．D　句意：最大的图块可能曾是某些特别仪式的地点。
本段第一句…the lines may have been made for religious reasons说明纳斯卡线可能与宗教有关系，而下一句Tony Morrison investigated and learned that they sometimes pray by the side of the road讲述Tony Morrison发现当地人都在路边祈祷的习俗，D项的关键词ceremonies与religious reasons与pray呼应，所以本题选D。
50．A　句意：其他科学家如今正搜寻证据来证明这个说法。
最后一段围绕着David Johnson和Steve Mabee两位科学家的观点展开论述，而A项的内容而说明其他科学家对这二人观点的态度是他们在找证据来支持这个观点。故本题选A。
第6部分：完形填空
51．D　此处是一个复合从句，缺的部分是who引导的定语从句中实语从句的谓语成分。根据后边宾语从句的内容never dream at all，可以判断此处应该是claim（声称）。A项demand“要求”，B项promise“答应，承诺”,C项agree“同意”都不符合文意。故本题选D。
52．B　as frequently as已经表达了“同样频繁”的意思，所以A项also不合适。D项quite不能用来修饰as…as这样的词组。根据上下文的语境，C项only意思也不相符合。B项just用于just like, just as.… as和just the same等短语中，强调相似性，故本题选B。
53．A　根据上下文的语境，可以判断出此处所衔接的前后两个句子有转折的关系，而且后一句为条件，despite与though都可以表示“虽然，尽管”的意思，但是despite是做介词是才有“虽然，尽管”的意思，此处缺的是一个连接词，所以只能用though。所以本题选A。
54．B　这四个选项中，只有B项aware可与of搭配，表示“意识到”，C项accustomed通常与to搭配，表示“习惯于”，同样used to也表示“习惯于”，而A项familiar通常与with搭配，表示“对……熟悉”。从文意与搭配来看，最合适的都是aware，所以本题选B。
55．A　night after night意为“一夜又一夜”，是固定搭配。同样的结构还有year after year（一年又一年），day after day（日复一日），week after week(—周接一周）所以本题选A。
56．A　此处是在in detail这一表达当中增加一个形容词，来表示细致的程度。C项high表示高度，B项strong表示强度，D项deep表示深度，用来表示细致都不合适。所以应该用A项great，in great detail，表示“细致入微”。所以本题选A。
57．D　从前边的visual，以及后边的sound, touch, smell, taste这些可以看出，这里指的是人各种感官的感觉。sense organ意为“感官”，种种的“感觉"通常都用sense来表示，所以本题选D。
58．A　根据上下文，可以发现此处是在描述一个事实。因此首先排除D项estimate“估计”，而这本最古老的书是已经被认定过的，所以C项regard, B项consider都不合适。因此，最佳答案应该是A项known，意为“目前所知的最古老的书面文献”。所以本题选A。
59．A　此处是通过前文This volume is about five thousand years old这一事实，可以让我们认识到梦即从那时起就被人们认为很重要。因此B项feel“感觉”，D项think“认为’’和C项ensure’’保证”都不合适，只有A项see符合文意。所以本题选A。
60．B　根据上下文的语境，可以判断出此处表达的是不应叫醒睡梦中的人。首先排除D项need，另外C项ought通常与to连用，表示“应该”，侧重反映客观情况，多在涉及法律、道义、责任、义务或原则时使用。而A项would与B项should两者相比，后者的程度更深，更符合这个语境。should侧重自己的主观看法，语气与ought to相比要稍弱一些，所以本题选B。
61．B　此处意为：许多古老的文化中相信不可叫醒熟睡的人，因为在睡觉时灵魂会离开身体，若人们被突然叫醒，灵魂可能不能及时回到身体中。in time意为“及时”。所以本题选B.
62．B　此处考查的是被动语态与动词awake的变形。这里是被叫醒，所以A项awoke和C项awake排除，表示被动态而且形式又正确的应该是B项awoken。D项awaken意为“唤股，唤起，使…意识到”，为动词原形，其分词形式为awakened。所以本题选B。
63．D　这里表达的是“从古到今”的意思，通常都用笼统一些的概念，A项minute, B项hour，C项moment表示的比较具体。只有D项day比较合适。所以本题选D。
64．C　此处所表达的是人类一直在尝试，“尝试，试图”通常直接用attempt to，或者用make attempts to，这是固定搭配。所以本题选C。
65．C　as……as表示“与……等同，同……一样达到某种程度”，这里意为：有多少书，一个梦就有多少种意思。所以本题选C。