改错原文

Apprenticeships have long been popular in Europe, but workforce-oriented high school training is nearly as common in U.S. schools.(1)____ One reason is that such programs sound dangerously similar to track-sorting students by ability level, a practice repeatedly rejected in U.S. culture, by which the dominant philosophy is that all students should have opportunity to meet their full potential.(2)____(3)____
If high schools were to advise students that some education beyond high school is not necessary for everyone, "there's little bit of a concern that... we're saying a lesser goal is OK for the populations of students who have been historically least well-served by high education," says Jane Wellman, executive director of Delta Project, which studies higher education spending.(4)____(5)____
In recent years, male college-going and completion rates have raised concerns. But those least well-serving historically are low-income and underrepresented m4iority students, who are less likely than their peels to pursue two- and four-year degrees, and most at risk of not completing college if they do enroll.(6)____(7)____(8)____
Some evidence suggest, though, that students already are being held to different standards.(9)____ A recent national survey of high school teachers by ACT Inc., the educational testing company, found 71% agreed " completely" or "a great deal" that high school graduates need the same set of skills and knowledge if they plan to go to college or enter the workforce, yet 42% said teachers reduce academic expectations for students they perceive as not being
college-bound.(10)____

答案解析

文章大意
本文讨论美国高等教育之外的教育形式的可能性。学徒制在欧洲一直很受欢迎，但在美国却并非如此。美国向来强调公平平等，坚持认为所有人都应该享有机会去充分发挥自己的潜能。一旦宣扬接受高等教育并非唯一选择，少数弱势群体则可能继续万劫不复的弱势生活。然而，一些证据也表明，现实中学生已经受到双重标准的对待。
答案详解
1．∧nearly→not语篇错误。文章第一句“学徒制在欧洲一直很受欢迎”，紧接着用but转折，明显后半句表示相反含义。那么盲外之意，在美国则没有那么受欢迎。句中应该加上否定词not。
2．track→tracking语法错误。本句考查的是短语be similar to的用法，to为介词，后面应该跟名词或动名词。根据下文判断track在这里为动词，表示“追踪，跟踪”，所以应该加ing。
3．by→in词汇错误。此句的介词by回归到定语从句中，其正常语序为the dominant philosophy by US culture is that...，显然介词错误，应该用in US culture，意思为“在美国文化中”。
4．∧little→a词汇错误。本句考查的是little和a little的区别。前者表否定，后者表肯定。此句表达的是一种肯定的意思：如果高中阶段就告诉学生不是每个人都有必要接受高中以上的教育，则可能会有一些担忧，所以要加上a，a little bit表示“有一点”。
5．high→higher词汇错误。全篇讲的都是“接受高等教育是否是唯一选择”的问题。“高等教育”固定表达为higher education。
该句意思为“如果高中阶段就告诉学生不是每个人都有必要接受高中以上的教育，就意味着我们告诉那些长期得不到高等教育的人群：低层次目标是可以接受的”。
6．well-serving→well-served词汇错误。此处those...指代的是某类学生，他们应该是“最不受待见”，应该用过去分词well-served，表“被对待的”。
7．majority→minority语篇错误。句中提到的是低收入、未被充分代表的学生。这些学生属于少数群体而不是多数群体，应该改成minority。
8．peels→peers词汇错误。peel作名词时意为“（蔬菜、水果等的）皮”，放在此处语义不当。这里指的是少数学生的“同龄者”，故应该选用peel的形近词peer。
9．suggest→suggests语法错误。主语Some evidence为不可数名词，谓语要用第三人称单数，故suggest应加s。
10．if→whether词汇错误。本句考查的是whether...or的固定搭配。此处意为“不论他们是准备进大学还是去工作，高中毕业生都需要同样的技能和知识”。