阅读理解
PART II READING COMPREHENSION
TEXT C
If you want to know why Denmark is the world's leader in wind power, start with a three-hour car trip from the capital Copenhagen --mind the bicyclists --to the small town of Lem on the far west coast of Jutland．You'll feel it as you cross the 6.8 km-long Great Belt Bridge：Denmark's bountiful wind，so fierce even on a calm summer's day that it threatens to shove your car into the waves below．But wind itself is only part of the reason．In Lem，workers in factories the size of aircraft hangars build the wind turbines sold by Vestas，the Danish company that has emerged as the industry's top manufacturer around the globe．The work is both gross and fine；employees weld together massive curved sheets of steel to make central shafts as tall as a 14-story building，and assemble engine housings(机器外罩)that hold some 18,000 separate parts．Most impressive are the turbine's blades, which scoop the wind with each sweeping revolution．As smooth as an Olympic swimsuit and honed to aerodynamic perfection，each blade weighs in at 7,000 kg，and they’re what help make Vestas’ turbines the best in the world．“The blade is where the secret is，”says Erik Therkelsen，a Vestas executive．“If we can make a turbine，it's sold．”
But technology, like the wind itself is just one more part of the reason for Denmark's dominance．In the end，it happened because Denmark had the political and public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader and to follow through．Beginning in 1979，the government began a determined programme of subsidies and loan guarantees to build up its wind industry．Copenhagen covered 30% of investment costs，and guaranteed loans for large turbine exporters such as Vestas．It also mandated that utilities purchase wind energy at a preferential price—thus guaranteeing investors a customer base．Energy taxes were channeled into research centres，where engineers crafted designs that would eventually produce cutting-edge giants like Vestas’3-magawatt(MW)V90 turbine．
As a result．wind turbines now dot Denmark．The country gets more than 1 9％of its electricity from the breeze(Spain and Portugal，the next highest countries，get about 1 0％)and Danish companies control one—third of the global wind market，earning billions in exports and creating a national champion from scratch．“They were out early in driving renewables，and that gave them the chance to be a technology leader and a job—creation leader,”says Jake Schmidt，international climate policy director for the New York City—based Natural Resources Defense Council．“They have always been one or two steps ahead of others."
The challenge now for Denmark is to help the rest of the world catch up．Beyond wind，the country(pop.5.5 million)is a world leader in energy efficiency，getting more GDP per watt than any other member of the E．U．Carbon emissions are down 13.3％from 1990 levels and total energy consumption has barely moved，even as Denmark's economy continued to grow at a healthy clip．With Copenhagen set to host all-important U．N．climate change talks in December --where the world hopes for a successor to the expiring Kyoto Protocol -- and the global recession beginning to hit environmental plans in capitals everywhere，Denmark's example couldn't be more timely．“We'll try to make Denmark a showroom.”says Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen．“You can reduce energy use and carbon emissions，and achieve economic growth."
It's tempting to assume that Denmark is innately green，with the kind of Scandinavian good conscience that has made it such a pleasant global citizen since，oh，the whole Viking thing．But the country’s policies were actually born from a different emotion，one now in common currency： fear．When the 1973 oil crisis hit，90％of Denmark's energy came from petroleum，almost all of it imported．Buffeted by the same supply shocks that hit the rest of the developed world，Denmark launched a rapid drive for energy conservation，to the point of introducing car-free Sundays and asking businesses to switch off lights during closing hours．Eventually the Mideast oil started flowing again，and the Danes themselves began enjoying the benefits of the petroleum and natural gas in their slice of the North Sea．It was enough to make them more than self-sufficient．But unlike most other countries，Denmark never forgot the lessons of l973，and kept driving for greater energy efficiency and a more diversified energy supply．The Danish parliament raised taxes on energy to encourage conservation and established subsidies and standards to support more efficient buildings．“It all started out without any regard for the climate or the environment，”says Svend Auken，the former head of Denmark’s opposition Social Democrat Party and the architect of the country's environmental policies in the 1990s．“But today there’s a consensus that we need to build renewable power."
To the rest of the world，Denmark has the power of its example showing that you can stay rich and grow green at the same time．“Denmark has proven that acting on climate can be a positive experience，not just painful,”says NRDC's Schmidt．The real pain could come from failing to follow in their footsteps．
21．Which of the following is NOT cited as a main reason for Denmark's world leadership in wind power?
A．Technology． B．Wind． C．Government drive． D．Geographical location．
22．The author has detailed some of the efforts of the Danish Government in promoting the wind industry in order to show
A．the government’s determination．
B．the country’s subsidy and loan policies．
C．the importance of export to the country．
D．the role of taxation to the economy．
23．What does the author mean by“Denmark's example couldn’t be more timely”?
A．Denmark's energy-saving efforts cannot be followed by other countries．
B．Denmark can manufacture more wind turbines for other countries．
C．Denmark's energy-saving Success offers the world a useful model．
D．Denmark aims to show the world that it can develop even faster．
24．According to the passage，Denmark's energy-saving policies originated from
A．the country's long tradition of environmental awareness．
B．the country's previous experience of oil shortage．
C．the country's grave shortage of natural resources．
D．the country's abundant wind resources．
25．Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?
A．Not to save energy could lead to serious consequences．
B．Energy saving cannot go together with economic growth．
C．Energy saving efforts can be painful but positive．
D．Denmark is a powerful leader in the global wind market．

参考答案与解析
参考答案与解析：
21.D Geographic location
题目问的是以下哪个不是丹麦成为世界上风能开发领导者的主要原因。
选项A可由第二段开头句“But technology, like the wind itself is just one more part of the reason for Denmark's dominance．”得出；选项B可由第一段“But wind itself is only part of the reason．”一句得出；选项C可由第二段“In the end，it happened because Denmark had the political and public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader and to follow through．”一句得出，而且政府的推动和支持也是作者认为的最根本原因。而选项D则并未在文中有提及。
22.A the government’s determination
题目问的是作者详细阐述丹麦政府在推动风能产业发展中作出的一些努力是为了什么。
作者在文章第二段详细阐述了丹麦政府的一些推动举措：“Beginning in 1979，the government began a determined programme of subsidies and loan guarantees to build up its wind industry．…….Energy taxes were channeled into research centres，where engineers crafted designs that would eventually produce cutting-edge giants like Vestas’3-magawatt(MW)V90 turbine．”而这段内容紧跟前一句：“In the end，it happened because Denmark had the political and public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader and to follow through．（最终，是因为丹麦政府和大众有共同的要成为一个领导者并坚持到底的意愿和决心。）”可看出作者这么安排是为了来摆事实证明丹麦政府确实有这样的决心，并始终用行动表明决心的坚定。因此选项A. the government’s determination（政府的决心）符合题意。
23. C Denmark’s energy-saving success offers the world a useful model
题目问的是作者说：“Denmark's example couldn’t be more timely.( 丹麦的例子再及时不过了。)”是什么意思。
该剧出现在文章第四段，分析该句接下来的内容：“We'll try to make Denmark a showroom.”says Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen．“You can reduce energy use and carbon emissions，and achieve economic growth."可得，这段内容就是对题干中句子的进一步解释。而意思即为：丹麦将成为向世界各国展示如何节能减排并同时实现经济增长的模范，因此与选项C相符。而选项A：“丹麦的节能举措无法被其他国家效仿。”与句意相悖；选项B：“丹麦可以给其他国家制造出更多风力涡轮机。”与句意相去甚远；选项D：“丹麦致力于向世界展示他可以发展的更快。”亦与句意牛头不对马嘴。
24. B the country’s previous experience of oil shortage
题目问的是根据文章，丹麦的节能政策源于何种原因。
文章倒数第二段即是作者对丹麦能源政策前世今身的一个描述。在1973石油危机降临之前丹麦也是非常依赖石油资源的，而一切就在这次危机之后开始转变，文章中“But the country’s policies were actually born from a different emotion，one now in common currency： fear．”提到丹麦是因为担心、害怕的心理而致力于推行节能环保政策。而他们的这种忧患心理正是由1973年的石油危机激发出来的，因此选项B毫无疑问是正确的。选项A在该段开头有提及：虽然一般人可能会想当然地认为，丹麦人因其优良的维京血统而天生具有这种崇尚环保的良好觉悟。但紧接着的But一词却是明显的转折，来否认这种过于简单的想法。选项C是不正确的，从文章倒数第二段中“the Danes themselves began enjoying the benefits of the petroleum and natural gas in their slice of the North Sea．”一句可看出，丹麦的自然资源并不匮乏，除了丰富的风能资源，他们所管辖的海域中还蕴藏有石油和天然气。选项D是说丹麦具有丰富的风能资源，这点只是他们在决定实施节能政策之后为何大力开发风能的原因，并不是他们实施节能政策的原因。
25.B energy saving cannot go together with economic growth
题目问的是一下哪点不是文章所隐含的。
选项B明显不符合文章主旨，文中多次提及节能环保是可以与经济增长共同发展的，比如“‘We'll try to make Denmark a showroom.‘says Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen．‘You can reduce energy use and carbon emissions，and achieve economic growth.’”这段，正如丹麦首相拉斯穆森所说，丹麦就是向世界证明一个国家的经济增长和环保节能事业是可以共同发展的最佳典范。选项A符合文章主旨，因为作者旨在通过介绍丹麦的例子宣扬节能环保的益处和必要性，相反地，如果不这么做就会导致越来越严重的环境和能源问题。这也是如今世界其他国家都积极向丹麦学习，实施节能环保政策的原因。选项C符合文章主旨，从文章最后一段中“Denmark has proven that acting on climate can be a positive experience，not just painful”一句即可得出。选项D可从文章第一段开头句“If you want to know why Denmark is the world's leader in wind power, …”就可得出。