名著阅读

Now for a moment I will ask leave to remove my own insignificant personality and to describe events which occurred before we arrived upon the scene by the light of knowledge which came to us afterwards. Only in this way can I make the reader appreciate the people concerned and the strange setting in which their fate was cast.
The village of Birlstone is a small and very ancient cluster of half-timbered cottages on the northern border of the county of Sussex. For centuries it had remained unchanged; but within the last few years its picturesque appearance and situation have attracted a number of well-to-do residents, whose villas peep out from the woods around. These woods are locally supposed to be the extreme fringe of the great Weald forest, which thins away until it reaches the northern chalk downs. A number of small shops have come into being to meet the wants of the increased population; so there seems some prospect that Birlstone may soon grow from an ancient village into a modern town. It is the centre for a considerable area of country, since Tunbridge Wells, the nearest place of importance, is ten or twelve miles to the eastward, over the borders of Kent.
About half a mile from the town, standing in an old park famous for its huge beech trees, is the ancient Manor House of Birlstone. Part of this venerable building dates back to the time of the first crusade, when Hugo de Capus built a fortalice in the centre of the estate, which had been granted to him by the Red King. This was destroyed by fire in 1543, and some of its smoke-blackened corner stones were used when, in Jacobean times, a brick country house rose upon the ruins of the feudal castle.
The Manor House, with its many gables and its small diamond-paned windows, was still much as the builder had left it in the early seventeenth century. Of the double moats which had guarded its more warlike predecessor, the outer had been allowed to dry up, and served the humble function of a kitchen garden. The inner one was still there, and lay forty feet in breadth, though now only a few feet in depth, round the whole house. A small stream fed it and continued beyond it, so that the sheet of water, though turbid, was never ditchlike or unhealthy. The ground floor windows were within a foot of the surface of the water.
The only approach to the house was over a drawbridge, the chains and windlass of which had long been rusted and broken. The latest tenants of the Manor House had, however, with characteristic energy, set this right, and the drawbridge was not only capable of being raised, but actually was raised every evening and lowered every morning. By thus renewing the custom of the old feudal days the Manor House was converted into an island during the night--a fact which had a very direct bearing upon the mystery which was soon to engage the attention of all England.
The house had been untenanted for some years and was threatening to moulder into a picturesque decay when the Douglases took possession of it. This family consisted of only two individuals--John Douglas and his wife. Douglas was a remarkable man, both in character and in person. In age he may have been about fifty, with a strong-jawed, rugged face, a grizzling moustache, peculiarly keen gray eyes, and a wiry, vigorous figure which had lost nothing of the strength and activity of youth. He was cheery and genial to all, but somewhat offhand in his manners, giving the impression that he had seen life in social strata on some far lower horizon than the county society of Sussex.
Yet, though looked at with some curiosity and reserve by his more cultivated neighbours, he soon acquired a great popularity among the villagers, subscribing handsomely to all local objects, and attending their smoking concerts and other functions, where, having a remarkably rich tenor voice, he was always ready to oblige with an excellent song. He appeared to have plenty of money, which was said to have been gained in the California gold fields, and it was clear from his own talk and that of his wife that he had spent a part of his life in America.
现在我把无关紧要的人物暂时放在一边，先描述一下在我们到达发案地点以前所发生的事情，这是我们后来才知道的。只有这样，我才能使读者了解有关人物以及决定他们命运的奇特背景。
伯尔斯通是一个小村落，在苏塞克斯郡北部边缘地区，有一片古老的半砖半木的房屋，几百年来一成不变，但近年来由于风景优美、位置优越，有些富户移居此地，他们的别墅在四周丛林中隐约可见。当地认为这些丛林是维尔德大森林的边缘，大森林伸展到北部白垩丘陵地，变得越来越稀疏了。由于人口日益增长，一些小商店也就应需开设起来，因此，它的远景已经显然可见，伯尔斯通会很快从一个古老的小村落发展成一个现代化城镇。伯尔斯通是一个相当大的农村地区的中心，因为离这里十或十二英里远近，向东延伸到肯特郡的边区，有一个离这里最近的重要城镇滕布里奇韦尔斯市。
离村镇半英里左右，有一座古老园林，以其高大的山毛榉树而闻名，这就是古旧的伯尔斯通庄园。这个历史悠久的建筑物的一部分兴建于第一次十字军东征时代，当时休戈·戴·坎普司在英王赐给他的这个庄园中心建立起一座小型城堡。这座城堡在一五四三年毁于火灾。直到詹姆士一世时代，一座砖瓦房又在这座封建城堡的废墟上修建起来，原来那座城堡四角所用的已被熏黑了的基石，也被利用上了。
庄园的建筑有许多山墙和菱形小格玻璃窗，仍象十七世纪初它的建造者所遗留下来的那种样子。原来用于卫护其富于尚武精神的先辈的两道护城河，外河已经干涸，被辟作菜园。那道内河依然存在，虽然现在只剩下几英尺深了 ，但宽度却还有四十英尺，环绕着整个庄园。有一条小河流经这里，蜿蜒不绝，因此，水流尽管浑浊，却从不象壕沟死水那样不卫生。庄园大楼底层的窗户离水面不到一英尺。
进入庄园必须通过一座吊桥。吊桥的铁链和绞盘早已生锈、毁坏。然而，这座庄园的新住户具有独特的精力，竟把它修复起来，这座吊桥不但可以吊起，而且实际上每天晚上都吊起来，早晨放下去。这样就恢复了旧日封建时代的习俗，一到晚上，庄园就变成了一座孤岛——这一事实是和即将轰动整个英国的这一案件有直接关系的。
这所房子已经多年没有人住了，在道格拉斯买它的时候，已有荒废坍塌成引人注目的废墟的危险。这个家庭只有两口人，就是约翰·道格拉斯和他的夫人。从性格和人品方面来说，道格拉斯是一个非凡的人。他年约五十，大下巴，面容粗犷，蓄着灰白的小胡子，一双特别敏锐的灰眼睛，瘦长而结实的体形，其健壮机敏丝毫不减当年。他总是喜气洋洋、和蔼可亲。但是在他的举止中，有点不拘礼仪，使人产生一种印象，似乎他曾体验过远远低于苏塞克斯郡社会阶层的生活。
然而，尽管那些颇有教养的邻居们以好奇而谨慎的眼光看待他，但由于他慷慨大方地捐款给当地一切福利事业，参加他们的烟火音乐会和其他盛大集会，加以他有着受人欢迎的男高音的圆润歌喉 ，而且常常喜欢满足大家的要求给人们唱一支优美的歌曲，所以道格拉斯很快便在村民中大得人心。他看起来很有钱，据说是从加利福尼亚州的金矿赚来的。从他本人和他的夫人的谈话中，人们清楚地得知，道格拉斯曾在美国生活过一段时间。

背景阅读

作者简介：

亚瑟·柯南·道尔（1859——1930）英国杰出的侦探小说家、剧作家。生于苏格兰爱丁堡，父亲是一位政府建工部的公务员。柯南·道尔自幼喜欢文学，中学时任校刊主编。毕业于爱丁堡医科大学，行医10余年，收入仅能维持生活。后专写侦探小说。《血字的研究》几经退稿才发表，以《四签名》闻名于世。1891年弃医从文，遂成侦探小说家。代表作有《波西米亚丑闻》《红发会》、《五个橘核》等。1894年决定停止写侦探小说，在《最后一案》中让福尔摩斯在激流中死去。不料广大读者对此极端愤慨，提出抗议。柯南道尔只得在《空屋》中让福尔摩斯死里逃生，又写出《巴斯克维尔的猎犬》、《恐怖谷》等侦探小说。塑造的福尔摩斯已成为世界上家喻户晓的人物。就连福尔摩斯的办公地点——伦敦贝克街221号B也成了旅游景点。

导言：

伯尔斯通庄园的主人不幸惨遭杀害，死状奇惨无比，头颅几乎被枪击得粉碎，四周血肉模糊，惨不忍睹！尸体旁边留有卡片，上面潦草地写着“V.V.341”的字样。这令案子更为扑朔迷离：这张卡片难道是凶手留下来的吗？它代表什么意义？“恐怖谷”曾令道格拉斯惴惴不安。“恐怖谷”究竟是个怎样的地方？道格拉斯的死与“恐怖谷 ”又有什么关系？
福尔摩斯，侦探的代名词；没有他，就没有侦探文学和侦探文化——新星出版社倾力打造《福尔摩斯探案全集（图注本）》，根据公认最权威英译本重新翻译，配以五百幅原版配图、两千余条专业学者注释、五十余篇延伸阅读、六十篇注释笔记，为中国福迷铸就世界上最权威、最经典的福尔摩斯探案全录。
阿瑟·柯南·道尔（Arthur Conan Doyle，1859—1930），英国著名侦探小说家、剧作家，现代侦探小说的奠基人之一，被誉为“英国侦探小说之父”。