增词：原文意思在，表达不清楚，英文中如果不增词，就表达不够完整

减词：原文中表达意思的词在，如果汉语中不把词减去的话，显得累赘

如色狼：wolf 不能说color wolf

（一）添词例子：

确保正确，不是100％必须

添加解释说明性文字，添加必须性文字(重点)。

1、Mr. Edwards and Mr. Cheney offered a striking contrast in appearance as they sat side by side, with Mr. Cheney looking his 63 years and Mr. Edwards looking less than his 51.

来自《纽约时报》：爱得华兹先生与切尼先生并排就座时，外表殊为不同，切尼先生看上去与实际年龄63岁相仿，而爱得华兹先生看上去比实际年龄51岁年轻。

2、This great scientist was born in New England.

这位伟大的科学家出生于美国东北部的新英格兰。

3、Those were the words that were to make the world blossom for me, “like Aaron’s rod, with flowers.” (high priest)
were to表示将来；Aaron是摩西的兄弟

正是这几句话，日后让整个世界在我面前如花展开，就像《圣经》中所说的“亚伦的杖开了花”。（来自美国的海伦凯勒）

4、三个臭皮匠，抵个诸葛亮

Two heads are better than one.
The wit of three cobblers surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind. (civic pride)

5、班门弄斧

to teach fish to swim; to teach the old granny to suck eggs
to show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter
阴: negative aspect of things

（二）减词例子：

减去解释说明性文字
减去原文有、不减难受的词，减去必须性，必须减。

1、According to BT’s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years).

英国电信的未来学家Ian Pearson认为，这些成就预计将出现在新千年头几十年之中。

2、We take this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make prompt shipment of the merchandise.
告诉你们，可以立即装船。

3、大会准备工作正在紧张有序地进行。

The preparations for the conference are underway in a busy but ordering manner.

4、失业问题一直是我们工作的中心。

The (issue of) unemployment has always been the centre/focus of our work.