Alumni preferences in many US universities
美国大学也偏好关系网
According to the book Affirmative Action for the Rich published by Century Foundation, alumni preferences provide an admissions advantage to the children of alumni.
世纪基金会出版的新书《给富人的平权行动》中发现，大学偏好录取自己校友的孩子。
The book has shown that being the child of an alumnus adds the equivalent of 160 SAT points to one’s application and increases one’s chances of admission by almost 20 percentage points.
该书显示，如果是校友的孩子，那么在大学录取入学中，他的入学考试成绩会加160 分，录取率会增加20%。
Richard D. Kahlenberg, the author of the book, said: “an alumni preference is worth 160 SAT points.
主编理查德D·卡兰伯格指出，“如果父母是校友，那么将为学生的大学入学考试增加160分。
And as noted above, if two students score exactly the same on the SAT, the one without alumni parents might have a 30 percent chance of getting in, but the student with a legacy, and the same scores, has a 50 percent chance of getting in.”
也就是说，一个人按照原先的成绩只有30％的机会进入大学，但如果他是学校校友的孩子，那么相同的成绩下，他就有50％的机会入校。”
The book made Princeton University as an example, in 2009,
书里列举了普林斯顿大学的例子，2009年，
the percentage of the alumni children enrolled in the university was 41.7,4.5 times the non-alumni counterpart. However, the ratio was only 2.8 times in 1992.
被普林斯顿大学录取的校友的学生人数占到41.7％，这是非校友孩子的4.5倍。但在1992年，这个比例只有2.8倍。
The book also found that the phenomenon is not only popular in the top universities, but also in religious universities.
书中还发现，并不是只有一流大学才有这种情况，宗教大学也不例外。
In the well-known University of Notre Dame in Indiana, for example, about a quarter students belong to children of alumni.
像是印第安纳州知名的圣母大学，大约四分之一学生的父母都是校友。
By contrast, at the California Institute of Technology, which has no legacy preferences, only 1.5 percent of students are the children of alumni.
加州理工学院与此形成了强烈的对比，父母为校友的学生只占全部学生的1.5％。
Triton Burg, former president of George Washington University, expressed that the university assesses every applicant comprehensively because of the complex of admission procedure, and alumni status is not the only consideration.
前乔治华盛顿大学校长崔顿伯格则表示，大学申请的过程很复杂，大学会综合评估每个申请人的资历，而父母的校友身份并不是大学的唯一考量。