听力文本

Water is vital to life on Earth and probably to life elsewhere. This has led astronomers to become interested in oceans and to the discovery that oceans can be very different to those beneath the open skies of Earth. On three of the moons of Jupiter and two of the moons of Saturn, there is good evidence of liquid oceans. The first of these oceans to be discovered was within Jupiter's moon Europa. Though Europa is small, it may boast more liquid water than the earth. The ocean could be over a hundred kilometers deep. Heat generated by Jupiter's powerful tides keeps it warm underneath the icy shell.

Europe's Jupiter icy moons Explorer mission or JUICE will launch in 2022 to study Jupiter and three of its largest moons. Perhaps one of the most promising oceans for study is on Enceladus: a tiny moon of Saturn. This is because the ocean does not stay under the ice cap. Geezers at the moon South Pole shoot ocean water hundreds of kilometers out into space. Studies by NASA's Cassini probe showed that the water in these Jets contain organic molecules: the building blocks of life. There is also evidence of hydrothermal vents at the bottom of the ocean. This is significant because it is thought that life first arose at hydrothermal vents on earth. A spacecraft flying through the Jets of insulators could sample the water for traces of complex biological molecules such as DNA or protein. There is no guarantee of life in the waters of Enceladus or in any of the solar systems other hidden oceans. But the possibility that something might be there. We'll drive ambitious explorations for decades to come.

关注公众号知问导图，回复TEX，免费获取本期内容详解等更多精彩内容。

重点词汇解析

boast vt.夸口说；自夸；拥有； n.引以为傲的事/物；自夸的话；

Today, every candidate in the 2020 field supports abortion rights, with a dozen boasting a perfect scorecard from Naral Pro-Choice America.

今天，2020(选举战争)领域的每位候选人都支持堕胎权利，其中十几位拥有来自美国支持堕胎权组织的完美记分卡。

sample n.样品； （化验的）取样； vt.取样； 品尝； 抽样调查；

They suggest core samples, excisions from a larger, continuous field.

他们建议核心的样本，应该从更广阔的和连续的领域中选取。

参考翻译

水对地球上的生命是至关重要的，很可能对其他星球上的生命来说，也同样重要。这点使得天文学家对海洋产生了兴趣，并发现它有可能与地球辽阔天空下的海洋大不相同。在木星的三个卫星和土星的两个卫星上，有充分的证据表明海洋是液态的。其中，第一个被发现的海洋是在木星的月球Europa上。虽然Europa很小，但它可能拥有比地球更多的液态水。它的海洋可能有一百多公里深。木星的强力潮汐所产生的热量使它在结冰的外壳下仍然保持着温度。欧洲的木星冰月探测器任务或木星冰月探测器（JUICE）将于2022年启动，用来研究木星及其三颗最大的卫星。也许，最有研究希望的海洋之一是在土卫二上：土星的一颗微小卫星。这是因为海洋没有停留在冰面之下。土卫二上的怪力把几百公里深的海水射向太空。美国宇航局卡西尼号探测器的研究表明，这些喷出来的水中含有有机分子：生命的基石。也有证据表明，在海洋底部存在热液喷口。这点发现意义重大，因为人们普遍认为：生命首先出现在地球上的热液喷口上。宇宙飞船通过绝缘式飞行经过这些喷泉时，可以采集水中的复杂生物分子的痕迹，如DNA或蛋白质。然而，并没有保证在土卫二水域或者其他隐藏的海洋中，一定有生命的迹象。但可能确实有什么东西在那里。我们将在今后几十年里进行雄心壮志的探索。