关于2020年国民经济和社会发展计划执行情况与2021年国民经济和社会发展计划草案的报告(9)(中英对照)
日期:2021-09-18 10:31

(单词翻译:单击)

Overall, China achieved positive economic growth in 2020. Projected targets for employment and CPI were satisfactorily met, a basic equilibrium was maintained in the balance of payments, and indicators of innovation, resource conservation, environmental protection, and people's wellbeing continued to improve. Last year's major objectives and tasks for economic and social development were accomplished.

综合来看,2020年经济实现正增长,就业物价预期目标较好完成,国际收支保持基本平衡,创新驱动、资源节约、环境保护、民生保障等领域指标继续改善,全年经济社会发展主要目标任务较好完成。

As a result of five years of persistent effort, the targets and tasks listed in the 13th Five-Year Plan were achieved. A major transformation was achieved in China's economic growth model. China's aggregate economic output exceeded 100 trillion yuan for the first time, and personal income growth stayed generally in step with economic growth. Per capita GDP surpassed US$ 10,000, 165 major projects were essentially completed, and the material foundation for our country's development was further strengthened. A social security system covering all urban and rural residents was put in place, considerable headway was made in ensuring the provision of equitable, quality education, and ecological conservation also registered significant progress. China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, composite national strength, and living standards attained new heights. Historic achievements were therefore made in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and we have taken a giant stride toward the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

经过五年持续奋斗,“十三五”规划目标任务胜利完成,经济发展方式实现重大转型,经济总量越过100万亿元大关,居民收入基本同步增长。人均国内生产总值超过1万美元,165项重大工程项目基本完成,国家发展物质基础更加雄厚。覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系基本建成,教育公平和质量较大提升,生态文明建设取得重大进展。我国经济实力、科技实力、综合国力和人民生活水平又跃上新的大台阶,全面建成小康社会取得伟大历史性成就,中华民族伟大复兴向前迈出了新的一大步。

We owe all of these achievements to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and to the efforts of all localities and departments as they dutifully undertook their responsibilities and effectively implemented the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee. We also owe all these achievements to the hard work of the Chinese people as they united as one and pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.

这是以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导的结果,是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引的结果,是各地区各部门贯彻落实党中央决策部署、勇于担当、善于作为的结果,是广大人民群众团结奋进、开拓进取的结果。

At the same time, we must recognize that there will be profound and complex changes in both the domestic and international landscape in 2021. The world today is undergoing momentous changes of a kind not seen in a century, and such changes are now happening faster and with added complexity due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Long-standing structural problems remain prominent, while new problems arise from the impact of external factors.

同时也要看到,2021年国内外环境面临深刻复杂变化。世界百年未有之大变局进入加速演变期,新冠肺炎疫情又增添了新的变数;长期存在的结构性矛盾依然凸显,在外部冲击下又出现了一些新问题。

First, uncertainties in the epidemic situation will impede further economic recovery. Covid-19 continues to spread globally, and the risk of resurgence and the continuing existence of the virus are objective facts. The international community is faced with the dilemma of choosing between resuming work and production and containing the epidemic. There are still areas of weakness in terms of domestic epidemic control, and the prevention of inbound cases and domestic resurgence has been a constant concern for our country.

一是疫情走势不确定性对经济进一步恢复构成掣肘。新冠肺炎疫情仍在全球蔓延,疫情反弹和长期持续的风险客观存在,国际上推动复工复产和防止疫情扩散面临“两难”。国内疫情防控仍有薄弱环节,我国外防输入和内防反弹的压力始终存在。

Second, a complex and volatile external environment may affect the stability of China's economy. The global economy is expected to gradually recover, but recovery will be neither stable nor balanced. Macro-economic policies adopted by major economies such as quantitative easing are producing spillovers. Global industrial and supply chains are becoming increasingly region and nation-based, and unilateralism and protectionism are continuing to spread. There is still an array of external variables hindering the steady recovery of China's economy.

二是外部环境复杂严峻可能影响我国内经济平稳运行。世界经济有望出现恢复性增长,但复苏不稳定不平衡,主要经济体量化宽松等宏观政策造成外溢效应,全球产业链供应链区域化、本地化特征更趋明显,单边主义、保护主义持续演化,影响我国经济稳定恢复的外部变数依然较多。

Third, the foundations for our economic recovery have yet to be strengthened. Effective demand both in and outside China remains weak, consumer spending is still constrained, growth in investment needs to be sustained, and the foundations for continued recovery of exports are far from strong. Micro, small, and medium enterprises and self-employed individuals are experiencing many difficulties. Most industries and enterprises are still recovering from the shock of Covid-19, and they face many problems in the resumption of work and production that are impeding market circulation and dynamic equilibrium in supply and demand.

三是经济恢复基础尚不牢固。国内外市场有效需求仍显疲弱,居民消费仍受制约,投资增长后劲不足,出口持续回稳基础不牢。中小微企业和个体工商户困难较多。不少行业企业还处在疫后恢复期,生产经营还面临不少压力,影响供需良性循环。

Fourth, there are many issues obstructing the creation of new growth drivers. Economic transformation and upgrading along with innovation-driven development are being held back. Keeping industrial and supply chains stable remains a challenging task, and there are still acute bottlenecks hampering our development. The transformation and upgrading of traditional industries is fraught with challenges, the unified domestic market requires further development, and the distribution of resources, production factors, and production capacity need to be improved.

四是经济动能接续转换面临不少障碍。推动经济转型升级和创新发展仍受到一些制约,保持产业链供应链稳定运行面临挑战,“卡脖子”问题依然突出,传统行业转型升级面临挑战,国内统一大市场仍需完善,要素资源配置、生产力布局等仍需优化。

Fifth, there are security risks in key areas which cannot be ignored. Keeping employment stable remains a challenge. Notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditure in some localities. Primary-level governments find it hard to ensure basic living needs, the payment of salaries, and normal functioning. The need to make repayments on local government debts persists. The situation remains challenging with regard to forestalling and defusing financial risks. Enterprises are experiencing greater difficulties in debt repayment. Food and energy security both face new challenges. Improvements in the environment have yet to be consolidated, and there are still quite a few points of weakness in our ability to guarantee people's wellbeing in terms of education, healthcare, elderly services, and childcare.

五是重点领域安全风险不容忽视。稳就业压力仍然较大,一些地方财政收支矛盾突出,基层保基本民生、保工资、保运转支出和地方政府债务还本付息压力较大,防范化解金融等领域风险任务依然艰巨,企业债务违约压力加大,保障粮食能源安全面临新的挑战,生态环境质量改善成效并不稳固,教育、医疗、养老、托育等民生领域还有不少薄弱环节。

In addition, there is still room for improvement in our work. For example, we need to further improve our capacity for promoting high-quality economic growth and for creating a new pattern of development. Our policies need to be better coordinated, and the implementation of these policies can be made more effective.

同时,我们在工作中也还存在一些不足,比如,推动经济高质量发展、构建新发展格局的能力和水平还需进一步提升,政策间的协调配合还有待加强,有的政策实施效果还有待提高。

Overall, although we face unprecedented and significant challenges of ever greater complexity, we are also presented with unprecedentedly promising strategic opportunities, and there are more opportunities than challenges. China possesses the notable strengths of the CPC's leadership and its system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Our economy's long-term positive momentum remains unchanged, and our country is still in an important period of strategic opportunity for development. We have the confidence, foundation, and ability to seek opportunities amid crises and turn challenges into opportunities, and thus to continue to open up new prospects for China's economic and social development.

总的看,虽然挑战前所未有,更具有复杂性、全局性,但机遇也前所未有,更具有战略性、可塑性,机遇大于挑战,我国有中国共产党领导和中国特色社会主义制度的显著优势,经济长期向好的趋势没有改变,我国发展仍处于重要战略机遇期。我们有信心、有底气、有能力危中寻机、化危为机,不断开创我国经济社会发展的新局面。

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