11. We stepped up efforts to ensure that people's basic needs were met.

（十一）强化民生兜底，人民群众基本生活得到切实保障。

To address the impact that Covid-19 has had on people's wellbeing, we scaled up investment and ensured full implementation of policies, thereby establishing a more effective social safety net and helping our people live happier and more secure lives. Per capita disposable personal income nationwide increased by 2.1% in real terms.

针对疫情带来的民生问题，通过加大投入、落实政策、织密扎牢社会保障网，不断提升人民群众获得感幸福感安全感。全国居民人均可支配收入实际增长2.1%。

1) The employment-first policy was thoroughly and effectively implemented.

一是就业优先政策落细落实。

Employment is pivotal to people's wellbeing. Efforts to protect market entities are also intended to stabilize employment and maintain living standards. We therefore strengthened support for enterprises, lightening their burden and helping them to keep their payrolls stable and create more jobs. We provided support and assistance to market entities including key industries, to MSMEs, and to self-employed individuals affected by the epidemic. We also worked to increase employment by expanding effective investment.

就业是最大的民生，保市场主体也是为稳就业保民生。加大减负、稳岗、扩就业支持力度，帮扶受疫情影响的重点行业、中小微企业和个体工商户等市场主体纾困，扩大有效投资增加就业。

We worked to ensure employment for key groups through multiple channels, and supported innovation and business startups as a way to increase employment. We carried out job creation demonstration initiatives through boosting innovation and entrepreneurship in social services such as domestic services, elderly care, childcare, rural tourism, and home appliance recycling. We continued to support migrant workers and city dwellers in returning home and moving to the countryside to start businesses.

多渠道做好重点群体就业工作，支持大众创业万众创新带动就业，在家政服务、养老托育、乡村旅游、家电回收等社会服务领域开展双创带动就业示范行动，推进返乡入乡创业高质量发展。

We supported flexible employment through diversified channels. We scaled up recruitment in individually-owned businesses, SOEs, public institutions, and community-level programs, and enlarged graduate education enrollment, military recruitment, and internships. We encouraged college graduates to enter market-based employment. We coordinated efforts to ensure employment for key groups such as demobilized military personnel and migrant workers. We supported the establishment of 53 regional public training centers in order to help members of key groups upgrade their skills.

支持多渠道灵活就业，扩大个体经营、国有企事业单位招聘、基层项目招聘、升学入伍、就业见习等吸纳就业规模，促进高校毕业生市场化社会化就业。统筹做好退役军人、农民工等重点群体就业工作。支持建设53个区域性公共实训基地，提升重点群体就业技能。

2) Efforts to build a Healthy China made solid headway.

二是健康中国建设扎实推进。

The Healthy China initiative was launched, and extensive activities to improve public sanitation were carried out. A comprehensive effort was made to prevent and reduce teenage myopia. Elderly care and childcare services were improved, and people's health literacy has improved markedly.

健康中国行动启动实施，深入开展爱国卫生运动，综合防控儿童青少年近视，积极推进“一老一小”健康服务，居民健康素养水平明显提升。

Construction on regional medical centers got under way, and both the development of medical consortiums and comprehensive reforms in county-level public hospitals proceeded smoothly, with 84% of county-level hospitals either meeting or exceeding standards. It is estimated that the number of beds in medical and healthcare institutions has reached 6.5 per 1,000 people.

区域医疗中心建设启动，医联体建设和县域综合医改稳步推进，84%的县级医院达到二级及以上医院水平。每千人口医疗卫生机构床位数预计6.5张。

Continuous progress was made toward the development of a modern hospital management system, and markups on all consumables sold by public medical institutions were abolished. Coordination between the provision of medical services and medical education was also strengthened. The regional registration system for physicians was improved, with the number of active physicians (physician assistants) and general practitioners estimated at 2.9 per 1,000 people and 2.83 per 10,000 people respectively.

现代医院管理制度建设持续推进，公立医院耗材加成全面取消。医教协同不断深化，医师区域注册制度建立完善，每千人口执业（助理）医师数预计2.9人，每万人口全科医生数预计2.83人。

Reforms to centralize the procurement and use of medicines and medical consumables were carried forward in a coordinated way, and solid steps were taken to stabilize the supply and prices of in-demand medicines. The number of essential medicines was increased from 520 to 685.

药品、医用耗材集中采购和使用改革协同推进，短缺药品保供稳价扎实推动，基本药物数量由520种增加到685种。

3) The social security system was further improved.

三是社会保障体系进一步完善。

The number of people covered by the basic old-age insurance schemes for urban employees and for rural and non-working urban residents reached 999 million. The centrally-regulated share of enterprise employees' basic old-age insurance funds was raised from 3.5% to 4.0%, and the collection and spending of funds was jointly managed at the provincial level. Basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees were steadily increased.

参加城镇职工基本养老保险和城乡居民基本养老保险人数达9.99亿人。企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂比例从3.5%提高到4.0%，实现省级统收统支，退休人员基本养老金稳步提高。

Basic medical insurance schemes for urban employees and for rural and non-working urban residents along with the major disease insurance system were all improved. Significant results were achieved in guaranteeing medical insurance for poor people, and steady progress was made in making dynamic adjustments to the catalog of medicines covered by medical insurance.

职工基本医疗保险、城乡居民基本医疗保险和大病保险制度更趋完善，医保扶贫成效显著，医保药品目录动态调整有序推进。通过工伤保险为185万工伤职工及供养亲属提供待遇保障。

Workers' compensation benefits were paid out to 1.85 million employees who had suffered work-related injuries and their dependents. We expanded the scope of unemployment insurance, provided temporary unemployment subsidies, and extended such subsidies to more unemployed migrant workers on a time-limited basis. In 2020, 13.37 million unemployed people received unemployment benefits from varying insurance schemes. A total of 104.2 billion yuan from unemployment insurance funds was refunded in order to help 6.08 million enterprises maintain stable employment, benefiting 156 million employees.

失业保险保障范围进一步扩大，阶段性实施失业补助资金政策、阶段性扩大失业农民工保障范围，全年共有1337万人领取到不同项目的失业保险。全年向608万户企业发放失业保险稳岗返还1042亿元，惠及职工1.56亿人。

We worked harder to ensure that people's basic needs were met, expanding the coverage of subsistence allowances to all those in need. We introduced the policy on extending the scope of social assistance, promptly increased social security assistance and benefit payments in step with price increases, and stepped up assistance to people who fell into poverty due to Covid-19 and to uninsured workers who had lost their jobs, making sure that assistance could reach all those in need. Subsistence allowances were extended and basic assistance to persons living in extreme poverty was provided to approximately six million people affected by the epidemic, and more than eight million applications for temporary assistance were approved.

加强困难群众兜底保障，适度扩大低保覆盖范围，做到“应保尽保”；出台救助“扩围”政策，及时启动社会救助和保障标准与物价上涨挂钩联动机制，对因疫致困、未参保失业人员加大救助帮扶，实现“应救尽救”，因疫情新纳入低保、特困供养近600万人，实施临时救助超过800万人次。

We pushed forward with the renovation of old urban residential communities nationwide, and began the renovation of 40,300 communities, involving 7.36 million households. We consistently improved the housing support system, and began renovations on 2.09 million units of housing in run-down urban areas. We continued to develop the housing rental market in medium and large cities, and worked to help disadvantaged urban residents solve their housing problems.

城镇老旧小区改造全面推进，已开工改造城镇老旧小区4.03万个，涉及居民736万户。保障性安居工程建设持续推进，棚户区改造新开工209万套；大中城市公租房继续发展，城镇困难群众住房保障不断加强。

We took effective and orderly steps to prevent floods and provide disaster rescue and relief.

有力有序做好防汛抢险救援工作。

4) Efforts were redoubled to address inadequacies in public services, strengthen areas of weakness, and improve the quality of services.

四是公共服务补短板强弱项提质量深入推进。

We moved forward with the instituting of national standards for basic public services. The gross enrollment ratio for preschool education, the retention rate in nine-year compulsory education, and the gross enrollment ratio for senior secondary education reached 85.2%, 95.2%, and 91.2% respectively. Regular institutions of higher learning enrolled 9.675 million undergraduate students and 1.107 million graduate students.

推动出台国家基本公共服务标准。学前教育毛入学率、九年义务教育巩固率、高中阶段教育毛入学率分别达到85.2%、95.2%、91.2%，普通高等教育本专科招生967.5万人，研究生招生110.7万人。

We worked to ensure that there are at least one or two fully functioning county-level public hospitals in every county, one health clinic in every town and township, and one village clinic in every administrative village.

基本实现每个县办好1－2所县级公立医院，每个乡镇有1所乡镇卫生院，每个行政村有1所村卫生室。

The development of the Great Wall, Grand Canal, Long March and other signature national cultural parks was advanced in a coordinated manner. The per capita area of sports venues is estimated at 2.2 square meters, an increase of 4.8%. Comprehensive public service facilities covered 96.4% of urban communities and 83.7% of rural communities, with the area of public service facilities reaching 34.7 square meters per 100 households.

长城、大运河、长征等国家文化公园标志性项目建设统筹推进。预计人均体育场地面积2.2平方米，增长4.8%。城乡社区综合服务设施覆盖率分别达到96.4%和83.7%，每百户居民拥有城乡社区综合服务设施达34.7平方米。

We continued to provide living allowances and nursing care subsidies for people with disabilities, benefiting 11.53 million people with disabilities who face financial difficulties and 14.33 million people who suffer from severe disabilities, and put in place an estimated 4,403 service facilities for people with disabilities.

继续实施残疾人两项补贴制度，惠及1153万困难残疾人和1433万重度残疾人，为残疾人提供服务设施数预计4403个。

We further improved the quality and expanded the size of the domestic services sector. The Law on the Protection of Minors was revised, and the rights and interests of women and children were more effectively protected. We promoted the development of service facilities for providing assistance to people living in extreme poverty. We issued the guidelines on promoting the healthy development of elderly care and childcare services and the guidelines on the establishment of a sound comprehensive oversight system to facilitate the high-quality development of elderly care services. We continued to carry out special initiatives for public-benefit elderly care, with the number of nursing home beds of all kinds reaching 8.238 million. We also pushed ahead with the development of public-benefit childcare facilities.

家政服务提质扩容深入推进。修订未成年人保护法，妇女儿童权益保障工作不断加强。支持特困人员供养服务设施建设。促进养老托育服务健康发展的意见、建立健全养老服务综合监管制度促进养老服务高质量发展的意见出台，普惠养老专项行动继续实施，各类养老床位数达到823.8万张。普惠托育服务设施建设持续推进。