(单词翻译:单击)
实务试题-英译汉
2011年5月英语二级《笔译实务》试题
Section 1: English-Chinese Translation（英译汉）
Part A Compulsory Translation（必译题）
Farms go out of business for many reasons, but few farms do merely because the soil has failed. That is the miracle of farming. If you care for the soil, it will last — and yield — nearly forever. America is such a young country that we have barely tested that. For most of our history, there has been new land to farm, and we still farm as though there always will be.
Still, there are some very old farms out there. The oldest is the Tuttle farm, near Dover, N.H., which is also one of the oldest business enterprises in America. It made the news last week because its owner — a lineal descendant of John Tuttle, the original settler — has decided to go out of business. It was founded in 1632. I hear its sweet corn is legendary.
The year 1632 is unimaginably distant. In 1632, Galileo was still publishing, and John Locke was born. There were perhaps 10,000 colonists in all of America, only a few hundred of them in New Hampshire. The Tuttle acres, then, would have seemed almost as surrounded as they do in 2010, but by forest instead of highways and houses.
It was a precarious operation at the start — as all farming was in the new colonies—and it became precarious enough again in these past few years to peter out at last. The land is protected by a conservation easement so it can’t be developed, but no one knows whether the next owner will farm it.
In a letter on their Web site, the Tuttles cite “exhaustion of resources” as the reason to sell the farm. The exhausted resources they list include bodies, minds, hearts, imagination, equipment, machinery and finances. They do not mention soil, which has been renewed and redeemed repeatedly. It’s as though the parishioners of the First Parish Church in nearby Dover —erected nearly 200 years later, in 1829 — had rebuilt the structure on the same spot every few years.
It is too simple to say, as the Tuttles have, that the recession killed a farm that had survived for nearly 400 years. What killed it was the economic structure of food production. Each year it has become harder for family farms to compete with industrial scale agriculture — heavily subsidized by the government — underselling them at every turn. In a system committed to the health of farms and their integration with local communities, the result would have been different. In 1632, and for many years after, the Tuttle farm was a necessity. In 2010, it is suddenly superfluous, or so we like to pretend.
Part B Optional Translation（二选一题）
Topic 1 （选题一）
The global youth unemployment rate has reached its highest level on record, and is expected to increase through 2010, the International Labour Organization (ILO) says in a new report that was issued to coincide with the launch of the UN International Youth Year.
The report: ILO Global Employment Trends for Youth 2010 says that of some 620 million economically active youth aged 15 to 24 years, 81 million were unemployed at the end of 2009 --the highest number ever. This is 7.8 million more than the global number in 2007. The youth unemployment rate increased from 11.9 percent in 2007 to 13.0 percent in 2009.
The global youth unemployment rate is expected to continue its increase through 2010, to 13.1 per cent, followed by a moderate decline to 12.7 per cent in 2011. The report also points out that the unemployment rates of youth have proven to be more sensitive to the crisis than the rates of adults and that the recovery of the job market for young men and women is likely to lag behind that of adults.
It adds that these trends will have “significant consequences for young people as upcoming cohorts of new entrants join the ranks of the already unemployed" and warns of the ”risk of a crisis legacy of a „lost generation5 comprised of young people who have dropped out of the labour market, having lost all hope of being able to work for a decent living".
The ILO report points out that in developing economies, youth are more vulnerable to underemployment and poverty.
Topic 2（选题二）
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实务试题-汉译英
Section 2: Chinese-English Translation（汉译英）
Part A
60年来特别是改革开放30年来，中国取得了举世瞩目的发展成就，经济实力和综合 国力显著增强，各项社会事业全面进步，人民生活从温饱不足发展到总体小康，中国社 会迸发出前所未有的活力和创造力。 同时，我们清醒地认识到，中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，中国在发展进程 中遇到的矛盾和问题无论规模还是复杂性都是世所罕见。要全面建成惠及十几亿人口的 更高水平的小康社会，进而基本实现现代化、实现全体人民共同富裕，还有很长的路要 走。 我们将继续从本国国情出发，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，推动科 学发展，促进社会和谐，全面推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态 文明建设，全力做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。
Part B
Topic 1
非物质文化遗产是民族文化的精华、民族智慧的结晶。我国有56个民族，各民族在 长期的历史发展进程中创造了丰富多彩的非物质文化遗产。
改革开放以来，由于工业化和城市化的加速，人们的生产生活方式发生了重大变化， 也使非物质文化遗产赖以生存的环境不同程度地遭到破坏。
作为一种鲜活的文化，非物质文化遗产是民众生活的重要组成部分，在当代仍然散 发着独特的光彩和魅力，仍然是传承文化、推动社会发展的不竭动力，是文化创新的基 础和源泉。
因此，抢救和保护那些处于濒危和生存困境中的非物质文化遗产，已成为时代赋予 我们的非常紧迫的历史任务。
文化生态保护区是以保护非物质文化遗产为核心、对历史积淀丰厚、存续状态良好、 具有鲜明地域文化特色和价值的文化形态进行整体性保护，以促进经济社会全面协调可 持续发展而划定的特定区域。
Topic 2
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参考译文-英译汉
Section 1: 英译汉
Part A 必译题
暂无，我们会尽快补充译文。
Part B 二选一题
Topic 1 （选题一）
暂无，我们会尽快补充译文
Topic 2（选题二）
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参考译文-汉译英
Section 2: 汉译英
Part A
China has achieved remarkable progress in those 60 years, particularly in the last 30 years since reform and opening-up. China’s economy and comprehensive national strength have grown significantly and various social programs have made big strides. The Chinese people, once lacking basic living necessities, are now leading a moderately prosperous life, and the whole society is showing unprecedented dynamism and creativity.
We are keenly aware, however, that China re mains the world’s largest developing country. The difficulties and problems that we face in development are rarely seen in any other part of the world in terms of their scale and complexity. We still have a long way to go before we can build, in a comprehensive way, a moderately prosperous society of a higher level that will benefit the more than one billion Chinese people, and then achieve basic modernization and bring common prosperity to all our people.
We will, in the light of our national conditions, continue to follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, persist in reform and opening-up, promote scientific development and social harmony, and achieve all-round progress in the economic, political, cultural, social and environmental fields. We will ensure that our development is for the people and by the people and the fruits of development are shared among the people.
Part B
Topic 1
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Topic 2
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