(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Vietnam Sees Trade Deals as Way to Build Economy
Vietnam is on a path this year to approve its biggest trade expansion since the country joined the World Trade Organization (WTO).
The country's National Assembly in Hanoi approved the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans Pacific Partnership in December. The trade deal became effective on January 14.
The Pacific trade deal would open the markets of Japan and Canada to Vietnam's products. In addition, the deal will permit Vietnamese to enter 10 countries easily for work-related business.
Vietnam also is seeking to reach a trade agreement with the European Union soon. The two trade agreements together would sharply reduce trade barriers with countries that account for 45 percent of the world's economy.
Lawmakers of other countries in the Pacific partnership are in the process of approving the deal. Six countries have already approved it meaning that it is likely to legally go into effect.
Vietnam hopes that the EU approves this year the free trade deal which the two sides negotiated in 2015.
Experts say that the two major trade deals will speed growth of the country's growing middle class. They also help Vietnam compete with China as a place where international companies want to build factories.
Frederick Burke is with the international law group Baker McKenzie in Ho Chi Minh City. He said, "Vietnam will enjoy a comparatively lower duty rate in some export markets where it competes."
Burke added that foreign direct investment already has increased as much as it did when Vietnam joined the WTO. When foreign companies build factories and gain interest in a country's companies, it is called foreign direct investment.
Vietnam hopes for trade gains
Vietnam may be one of the nations that gain the most from the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans Pacific Partnership. That is because exports are such an important part of the country's growth. Exports are estimated to have reached $200 billion in 2017. Other countries in the Pacific deal are expected to have trade deficits with Vietnam.
Since 1986, Vietnam has sought foreign direct investment in factories that make clothing and electronic devices. It entered the WTO in 2007.
Adam McCarty is chief economist with Mekong Economics in Hanoi. He said, with the new agreement, low-cost manufactured goods like shoes will be less costly to export to countries like Australia.
European and Pacific countries hope trade deals with Vietnam will let them sell products to that country's growing middle class. The Boston Consulting Group predicts that will mean more than 30 million people by next year.
However, as a member of the trade partnership, Vietnam must permit independent labor unions. Vietnam also must have rules so that companies from partnership countries can make bids for business. And Vietnam will have to protect partners' intellectual property rights.
McCarty said if Vietnam closely observes the Pacific trade agreement it will further show that it is different from China. Vietnam already stands out for its lower labor costs.
Trung Nguyen heads international relations at Ho Chi Minh University of Social Sciences and Humanities. He said Vietnam wants to follow the deal's rules. "They want (to) get some new momentum for Vietnam's economy, and TPP is one of the solutions," he said.
I'm Mario Ritter Jr.
重点解析
1.trade expansion 贸易扩张
China's merchandise trade expansion remained outstandingly strong in 2006.
2006年中国的商品贸易保持了显著的强劲发展。
2.middle class 中产阶级
Conforming to the standards and conventions of the middle class.
与中产阶级的标准和习俗一致。
3.stands out 突出
The theme of the play stands out even more clearly after it was revised.
经过改编，戏的主题更加突出了。
4.trade deficits 贸易逆差
Trade deficits and exchange rates are the lightning-rods.
贸易逆差和汇率是最引人注意的问题。
5.Six countries have already approved it meaning that it is likely to legally go into effect.
go into effect 生效
The standard is slated to go into effect next year.
此标准内定明年实施。
The cease-fire, afterall, was not scheduled to go into effect until several hours later.
照规定，停火还得几小时后才能生效。
6.Burke added that foreign direct investment already has increased as much as it did when Vietnam joined the WTO.
as much as 和...一样多
Experts reveal only as much as they care to.
专家们只透露了他们想透露的那些。
I had to fall in with her wishes as much as possible.
我不得不尽量顺从她的意愿。
参考译文
越南加入CPTPP：机遇和挑战并存
越南今年有望批准其加入世界贸易组织（WTO）以来最大的贸易扩张计划。
去年12月，越南国会在河内批准了《全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定》（CPTPP）。该贸易协定于今年1月14日生效。
该协定将向越南产品开放日本和加拿大市场。此外，该协定将允许越南人轻松进入10个国家开展与工作相关的业务。
越南也在寻求尽快与欧盟达成贸易协定。这两项贸易协定将大大减少与占全球经济45%的国家之间的贸易壁垒。
太平洋伙伴关系中其它国家的议员也正在批准该协议。6个国家已经批准了该协议，这意味着它很可能将在法律上生效。
越南希望欧盟今年批准双方在2015年谈判达成的自由贸易协定。
专家表示，这两项重要的贸易协定将加速该国日益壮大的中产阶级的增长。他们还将帮助越南与中国竞争，成为国际公司愿意建厂的地方。
弗雷德里克·伯克(Frederick Burke)就职于位于胡志明市的国际法律组织贝克·麦坚时国际律师事务所。他表示：“越南将在其竞争的一些出口市场享受相对较低的税率。”
伯克补充表示，外国直接投资的增长已经与越南加入世贸时的增长持衡。当外国公司在某国的公司建厂并获得收益时，这被称为外国直接投资。
越南希望获得贸易收益
越南可能是从CPTPP协定中受益最丰的国家之一，这是因为出口占据该国经济增长的重要组成部分。预计2017年该国的出口额达到2000亿美元，CPTPP协定中的其他国家预计会与越南存在贸易逆差。
自1986年以来，越南一直寻求外国直接投资服装生产和电子设备的工厂。该国于2007年加入世贸组织。
亚当·麦卡蒂（Adam McCarty）是河内湄公河经济研究所的首席经济学家。他说，有了这项新协议，鞋类等低成本制成品出口到澳大利亚等国的成本将会降低。
欧洲和太平洋国家希望与越南的贸易协定能让他们向越南不断壮大的中产阶级销售产品。波士顿咨询公司预测，到明年，该群体的人数将超过3000万。
然而，作为贸易伙伴关系的一员，越南必须允许独立的工会。越南还必须制定规则，以便来自伙伴关系国家的公司参与商业竞标。同时，越南必须保护合作伙伴的知识产权。
麦卡蒂表示，如果越南严格遵守《太平洋贸易协定》，将进一步展现该国与中国的不同。越南已经因其较低的劳动力成本引人注目。
任阮忠(Trung Nguyen)是胡志明社科与人文大学国际关系系主任。他表示，越南希望遵守该协定的规则。他说：“他们希望为越南经济带来一些新的势头，而TPP协定就是解决方案之一。”
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