(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
November 11 is Veterans Day in the United States. But because Veterans Day falls on a Saturday this year, Friday, November 10 is a federal holiday.
A "veteran" is anyone who has served in the armed forces. Veterans Day honors the living. A separate holiday, Memorial Day in May, honors those who died in military service.
The United States has about 18.5 million veterans. The term veteran is not just for those who have served in wars. It describes anyone who has ever been in the military.
On November 11, communities across the country hold ceremonies and parades to mark Veterans Day. Military bands play. Public officials take part in the events. And soldiers fire guns into the air in a salute to remember those who died in service to their country.
The history of Veterans Day relates to World War I. Many people at the time called it "the war to end all wars."
The United States entered the fighting in Europe in 1917. But the U.S. armed forces were small. So the government began to draft men between the ages of 21 and 31.
The men came from cities and farms. Some were rich. Others were poor. There were doctors, lawyers, businessmen, and college students. Many were married.
The following year, the government expanded the draft. Now it called on men between the ages of 18 and 45. More than 13 million reported for duty.
Many women joined the armed forces, too. Most got office jobs at military bases in the United States. Some, however, went to France to work as nurses in battlefield hospitals.
World War I ended when Germany surrendered at 11 o'clock in the morning on November 11, 1918 -- in other words, at the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month.
The following year, President Woodrow Wilson signed a declaration to observe November 11th as Armistice Day in the United States. It would be a day to honor the men and women who had served in the U.S. armed forces during the war.
In 1926, Congress made Armistice Day a national holiday.
But new problems were on the way. Soon, everyone knew that World War I would not be the war to end all wars.
In all, more than 4,000,000 Americans served in the armed forces during the first World War. And 16 million would serve during the second one.
Armistice Day in 1945 was a special day in the United States.
Germany had surrendered in May 1945. And Japan surrendered in August of that year.
Most of the men and women who had served in the war were home. So, instead of honoring just veterans of World War I, Americans also honored veterans of World War II.
In 1954, Congress decided to change the name of Armistice Day. The holiday became Veterans Day.
I'm Dorry Gundy.
重点解析
1.relate to... 与……有关
All these questions relate to philosophy.
这些问题都跟哲学有关。
2.come from 来自
He's just come from the countryside.
他刚从乡下来。
3.call on 呼吁
One of Kenya's leading churchmen has called on the government to resign.
肯尼亚宗教界的一位重要人物已呼吁政府下台。
4.more than 超过
This island was ceded to Spain more than one hundred years ago.
这个岛屿在一百多年以前就割让给西班牙了。
5.So the government began to draft men between the ages of 21 and 31.
begin to do sth 开始做某事
In autumn the days begin to draw in.
到了秋天，白天开始渐渐短起来。
The horns of some deer begin to shed.
有些鹿开始换角了。
6.Military bands play. Public officials take part in the events.
take part in 参加
Students should do surveys, visit museums, take part in charity work and hand in reports for teachers to decide on their marks.
学生应该通过做调查，参观博物馆，参加公益劳动，上交给老师的这些活动的报告，决定他们的成绩。
Subjects or participants - Who will take part in your study ?
研究对象或参与者――谁将会参与你的研究？
参考译文
11月11日美国退伍军人节。但由于今年的退伍军人节是在周六，所以11月10日的周五就定为联邦节假日。
所谓“退伍军人”就是曾经在武装部队从过军的人。退伍军人节是为了向活着的军人致敬。5月的另一个节假日阵亡将士纪念日是为了向在从军期间殉职的军人致敬。
美国大约有1850万退伍军人。退伍军人这个词不仅适用于那些参加过战争的军人，也适用于任何曾经参过军的人。
11月11日，全国各地的多个社群举行了列队仪式，以纪念退伍军人节，军乐队演奏。政府公务人员也参加了许多纪念活动。士兵们向天空鸣炮致敬，以纪念从军期间殉职的人。
退伍军人节与一战有渊源。那时候的许多人将其成为“结束所有战争的一场战争。”
美国于1917年加入了欧洲的战斗。但美国武装部队规模不大，所以美国政府开始启用21-31岁的男士。
这些男人有的来自城市，有的来自农村。有的富裕，有的贫穷。有医生、律师、商人、大学学生。很多人已经拖家带口了。
第二年，政府扩招，开始招收18-45岁间的男士。1300多万人参军。
很多女性也加入了武装部队。大多数人都在美国的军事基地得到了文职工作。不过也有一些人去往法国的战地医院做护士。
一战结束的标志是德国于1918年11月11日上午11点投降——换句话说，是在11月11日的11点投降的。
第二年，威尔逊总统签署了一份声明，将11月11日作为美国的休战纪念日，纪念战争期间曾在美国武装部队从过军的人。
1926年，国会将休战纪念日作为国家节假日。
但新的问题也将出现：不久后，大家都会知道一战并非结束所有战争的一场战争。
一战期间，共计有400万美国人在武装部队参过军，并有1600万人在二战期间从过军。
1945年的休战纪念日是美国人特别的一天。
德国已经于1945年5月投降，而日本也于次年8月投降。
大多数在战争期间从过军的人都返回了故乡。所以，美国人不仅纪念一战的退伍军人，还纪念二战的退伍军人。
1954年，美国国会决定改变休战纪念日的名字，然后这个节假日就变成了退伍军人节。
Dorry Gundy为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
