(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Study: Boss Paid 271 Times More than Average Worker
The chief executive officers of America's largest companies were paid an average of $15.6 million in 2016 says a recent study by an economic research group.
The Economic Policy Institute published the report written by Lawrence Mischel and Jessica Schieder. They say the average business leader's pay was 271 times what an average worker earns at the companies they studied.
This chief executive-to-worker pay ratio is smaller than it has been in the past few years. In 2014, the ratio was 299-to-1, according to the report. However, it is still much higher than the 20-to-1 ratio between chief executives and workers in 1965. In 1989, that difference was 59-to-1.
In the last 30 years, the salaries of chief executive officers, or CEOs, has grown much faster than the pay of the average worker at the companies they oversee. In addition, CEO's pay has increased much faster than the value of stock shares in the companies they lead.
To get their results, the researchers added up employees' pay, special rights to buy stock at lower than market prices, and bonuses. The Economic Policy Institute is a research organization that studies the concerns of low- and middle-income workers.
According to the website Salary.com, CEOs are paid very high salaries because their skills and responsibilities are "extreme." They say there is only a limited number of people who can perform these job duties.
The report also noted the earnings of low-paid workers. The lowest paid full-time U.S. workers earn a minimum wage of about $15,000 a year.
The minimum wage is the lowest amount of hourly pay a company can legally pay its employee.
Most workers in the U.S. earn more than the minimum wage, and many states have a higher minimum wage than the federal limit. However, workers who earn the least amount of money in the study earn about one 1,000th the pay of the highest earning CEOs.
The U.S. federal minimum wage is $7.25 per hour. It has not been increased in eight years. According to the group Business for a Fair Minimum Wage, the buying power of that amount has decreased by about 15% because of inflation.
The issue of raising the federal minimum wage has been controversial. Many businesses say that raising the minimum wage will result in fewer low-paying jobs.
The group Business for a Fair Minimum Wage disagrees. It said that raising the minimum wage for the lowest-paid workers could help the economy by increasing the amount of money people have to spend.
I'm Phil Dierking.
词汇解析
1.chief executive officers 首席执行官
Membership is restricted to chief executive officers.
会员资格仅限于总经理一级。
2.special right 特殊权利
Prelitigation demur right is the special right the general guarantor has against the creditor.
先诉抗辩权是一般保证人对债权人享有的专有抗辩权。
3.hourly pay 时薪
They have little prospect of finding new jobs with the same hourly pay.
他们不太可能找到时薪和原来一样的新工作。
4.added up 累积；合计
I added up the account items all over again in reverse order.
我把账目反过来又算了一遍。
内容解析
1.This chief executive-to-worker pay ratio is smaller than it has been in the past few years.
in the past few years 过去几年中
The incidence of this disease has dropped considerably in the past few years.
近几年这种病的发病率大大降低了。
The blogsphere has changed a lot in the past few years.
过去几年间博客世界发生了很大变化。
2.In addition, CEO's pay has increased much faster than the value of stock shares in the companies they lead.
In addition 另外
You need money and time; in addition, you need diligence.
你需要钱和时间，此外还需要努力。
In addition, the respondent disclosed professional confidences to one of the patients.
另外，被告还向其中一位病人透露了行业机密。
参考译文
美公司高官薪酬是普通员工的271倍
一家经济研究机构的最新研究称，2016年，美国大型公司首席执行官的平均薪酬高达1560万美元。
经济政策研究所发布了劳伦斯·米歇尔（Lawrence Mischel）与杰西卡·施德尔（Jessica Schieder）撰写的报告。他们指出，在所调查的公司中，企业领导的平均薪酬是普通员工的271倍。
与过去几年相比，如今首席执行官与员工的薪酬比率略低。报告显示，2014年的薪酬比率为299：1。然而，这一比率远远高于1965年20:1。1989年，该薪酬比率为59：1。
在过去30年里，首席执行官的薪酬增速远快于同公司普通员工的薪酬增速。此外，首席执行官的薪酬增速也快于其所领导企业的股价增速。
为了得到研究结果，研究人员加入了员工薪酬、以低于市场的价格购买股票的特殊权利及奖金等因素。经济政策研究所是一所调查中、低收入劳动群体问题的机构。
Salary.com网站表示，首席执行官的高薪酬与其“巨大的”能力与责任挂钩。能履行这一工作职责的人只有极少数。
该报告还强调了低收入员工的薪酬。美国收入最低的全职工人每年的最低薪资约1.5万美元。
最低工资是公司依法向员工支付的最低时薪。
美国多数工人的薪资收入高于最低工资，而且大部分州的最低工资高于联邦限制。然而，在这项研究中，收入最低的员工薪资只有收入最高的首席执行官薪资的千分之一。
美国联邦的最低时薪为7.25美元。这一数字已经维持8年了。公平最低工资机构（Business for a Fair Minimum Wage）表示，受通货膨胀影响，这一最低时薪的购买力已下降了15%左右。
提高联邦最低时薪一直以来争议不断。很多企业表示，提高最低工资会导致低收入职位越来越少。
“公平最低工资机构”对此持有不同看法。他们指出，提高低收入员工的最低工资可刺激人们的必须消费，进而实现经济增长。
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译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
