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'Post-Truth' Named 2016 Word of the Year
"Post-Truth" is Oxford Dictionaries' Word of the Year.
The Oxford Dictionaries website told readers post-truth could be "one of the defining words of our time."
The term comes from an idea that became popular during the 2016 election campaign in the United States.
Post-truth, as the website defines it, means to relate to situations where "objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief."
Oxford Dictionaries officials say they chose post-truth as Word of the Year because of its rising popularity. They said the term's usage appeared to increase 2,000% in 2016 alone.
Casper Grathwohl is the president of Oxford Dictionaries. He said that the choice was no surprise after a year filled with difficult discussions about politics.
Grathwohl said post-truth has become popular at a time when more people are using social media to get news. Some people trust social media more for news and information than establishment media or political leaders.
Choosing the Word of the Year
If you plan to use the word, Oxford Dictionaries defines it as an adjective. An example of it is the expression "post-truth politics."
The website said that post-truth has gone from being a new term to a word often used in political commentary. Major publications now use the term without feeling the need to define its meaning.
A number of other terms were under consideration for Oxford Dictionaries' Word of the Year. They included "Brexiteer," which means someone who supported Britain's decision to exit, or leave, the European Union. Another choice was "alt-right," which describes a group tied to extreme conservative ideas, and known to reject traditional politics. A third possibility was "adulting," a noun meaning the action of someone behaving like a responsible adult.
History of "Post Truth"
It appears that post-truth, with its current meaning, has been in existence for more than 20 years.
Oxford Dictionaries found its first use in a 1992 commentary published in The Nation magazine. Steve Tesich, a Serbian-American playwright, used "post-truth" in writing about the Iran-Contra scandal and the Gulf War.
"We, as a free people, have freely decided that we want to live in some post-truth world," he wrote.
I'm Phil Dierking.
词汇解析
1.post-truth 后真相（形容词）
We have freely decided that we want to live in some post-truth world.
我们自愿决定生活在一个后真相世界中。
2.come from 来自；源于
He's just come from the countryside.
他刚从乡下来。
3.election campaign 竞选活动
The election campaign has been fought not in street rallies but on the airwaves.
此次竞选大战不是以街头集会的方式进行，而是通过电视和广播一决胜负。
4.public opinion 民意；公众舆论
He mobilized public opinion all over the world against hydrogen-bomb tests.
他动员全世界的舆论反对氢弹试验。
内容解析
1.Grathwohl said post-truth has become popular at a time when more people are using social media to get news.
social media 社交媒体
Look at how social media and social networking have permeated business.
再看看社会媒体和社交网络是如何渗透进企业中的。
We have all witnessed the power of social media.
我们见证了社交媒体的实力。
2.Some people trust social media more for news and information than establishment media or political leaders.
political leaders 政治领袖
Political leaders are making no progress in their efforts to resolve the country's constitutional crisis.
政治领袖们在解决国家宪法危机方面没有取得任何进展。
The assembled multitude cheered and whistled as the political leaders arrived.
当政治领袖到达的时候，聚集的人群欢呼起来，并吹起了口哨。
参考译文
牛津词典2016年度热词 后真相跃居榜首
后真相（Post-Truth）一词入选牛津词典本年度词汇。
牛津词典网站告知读者，后真相将成为“反映我们这个时代特点的词汇之一”。
该词汇源于2016年美国大选期间较为流行的一种观念。
正如牛津词典网站所解释，“后真相”是指“在一些特定状况下，客观事实对公众意见的影响没有感性诉求产生的影响大”。
牛津词典工作人员表示，因为“后真相”一词越来越受欢迎，他们选择将其作为年度词汇。他们表示，2016年该词的使用率上升了约2000%。
贾思帕·格拉斯沃（Casper Grathwohl）是牛津词典的总裁。他表示，该词汇当选并不奇怪，它反映了今年高度紧张的政治和社会论争。
格拉斯沃还表示，在这个利用社交媒体看新闻的时代，“后真相”一词开始流行开来。在新闻和消息方面，有些人更相信社交媒体而不是新闻社或政治家。
年度词汇摘选
牛津词典将“后真相”一词定义为形容词，如短语“后真相政治”。
该网站表示，“后真相”从陌生词汇成为政治评论中的常见热词。如今，主流出版作品使用该词时无需再标注定义。
其它词汇也曾入围牛津词典年度词汇，包括英国脱欧支持者(Brexiteer)，意指支持英国退出欧盟的民众。另一个是另类右翼(alt-right)，指持有极端保守思想，排斥主流政治的组织。第三个是成年人的行事方式(adulating)，该词汇为名词，指像一个负责任的成年人一样行为处事。
“后真相”一词发展史
“后真相”这一概念20多年前就已存在。
牛津词典发现，1992年美国《国家》杂志在一篇评论中首次用到该词汇。塞尔维亚裔美国剧作家史蒂夫·特西希（Steve Tesich）在描述伊朗门事件及海湾战争时使用了“后真相”一词。
他写道，“作为自由人，我们自愿决定生活在一个后真相世界中。”
菲尔·迪尔金为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
