词汇选项
第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）
1．I enjoyed the play — it had a clever plot and very funny dialogues.
A．long B．boring C．original D．humorous
2．In the process, the light energy converts to heat energy.
A．reduces B．changes C．leaves D．drops
3．Patricia stared at the other girls with resentment.
A．anger B．doubt C．love D．surprise
4．The thief was finally captured two miles away from the village.
A．caught B．killed C．found D．jailed
5．Such a database would be extremely costly to set up.
A．establish B．destroy C．update D．transfer
6．If we leave now, we should miss the traffic.
A．direct B．stop C．mix D．avoid
7．He’s spent years cultivating a knowledge of art.
A．sharing B．using C．denying D．developing
8．The two banks have announced plans to merge next year.
A．combine B．close C．break D．sell
9．Many cities have restricted smoking in public places.
A．limited B．allowed C．stopped D．kept
10．I want to provide my boys with a decent education.
A．good B．special C．private D．general
11．What are my chances of promotion if I stay here?
A．retirement B．advertisement C．advancement D．replacement
12．We’ve seen a marked shift in our approach to the social issues.
A．clear B．regular C．quick D．great
13．Her father was a quiet man with graceful manners.
A．polite B．similar C．usual D．bad
14．There was a profound silence after his remark.
A．proud B．short C．sudden D．deep
15．The document was compiled by the Department of Health.
A．written B．printed C．attached D．sent
阅读判断
第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
Breast Cancer Deaths Record Low
The number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began.
The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11,990 women died in the UK in 2007.
The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971 — the year records began — after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.
Professor Peter Johnson, Cancer Research UK’s chief clinician, said; “It’s incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often. ”
“Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management for women with the disease.”
“The introduction of the NHS（国民保健制度）breast screening program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed. ”
Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diagnosed with the disease — a 50% rise in 25 years.
The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.
There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.
Dr. Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer, said: “It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast screening and awareness of the disease.”
“However, this is still too many women and incidence of the disease is increasing year by year.”
The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity（肥胖）and alcohol consumption.
16．11,990 women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2007.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
17．Breast cancer deaths began to be recorded in the UK in 1971.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
18．The rate of breast cancer diagnosis in the UK has been dropping.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
19．Breast cancer can come back 10 years after you were first diagnosed.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
20．Breast cancer is more common in the UK than in many other countries.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
21．Fewer women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2005 than in 2004.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
22．Obesity and alcohol consumption may also lead to some other diseases.
A．Right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned
概括大意和完成句子
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）
下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Parkinson’s Disease
1　Parkinson’s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine（多巴胺.). Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson’s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.
2　No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including aging and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson’s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.
3　Tremor（颤抖）may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson’s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation（便秘）In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson’s may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills.
4　At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson’s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines until your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.

A．Tips for Patients with the Disease
B．Common Treatment for the Disease
C．Means of Diagnosis of the Disease
D．Typical Symptoms of the Disease
E．Possible Causes of the Disease
F．Definition of Parkinson’s Disease


23．Paragraph 1 ______
24．Paragraph 2 ______
25．Paragraph 3 ______
26．Paragraph 4 ______



27．You’ll find it hard to move the way you want to_________.
28．A lot of research is being done to find out_________.
29．One of the most common signs of Parkinson’s is tremor, _________.
30．A person with Parkinson’s has to learn to live with the disease, _________.

A．if there isn’t enough dopamine in your body
B．what affects muscles all through your body
C．which cannot be cured yet
D．if you have a fixed or blank expression
E．which may be the first symptom you notice
F．what causes Parkinson’s disease
阅读理解1
第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
第一篇 Human Heart Can Make New Cells
Solving a longstanding（为时甚久的）mystery, scientists have found that the human heart continues to generate new cardiac（心脏的）cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.
The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say.
“We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes（心肌细胞）, are renewed,” said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. “It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed,” he said.
The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20-year-old, about 1 percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover（更替）rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75.
“If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially possible to develop pharmaceuticals（药物）that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, for example, a heart attack,” Frisen said.
That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts.
“A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure,” noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. “Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying,” he said.
With this finding, scientists are “opening the door to potential therapies（疗法）to having ourselves heal ourselves,” Bhardwaj said. “Maybe one could devise a pharmaceutical agent that would make heart cells make new and more cells to overcome the problem they are facing.”
But barriers remain. According to Bhardwaj, scientists do not yet know how to increase heart cell production to a rate that would replace cells faster than they are dying off, especially in older patients with heart failure. In addition, the number of new cells the heart produces was estimated using healthy hearts—whether the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts is the same remains unknown.
31．The human heart stops producing cardiac cells
A．when a person becomes old.
B．as soon as a person gets sick.
C．immediately after a person is born.
D．once a person dies.
32．The finding could prove to be useful to
A．the analysis of cardiac cells.
B．the prevention of chronic diseases.
C．the treatment of heart diseases.
D．the study of longstanding mysteries.
33．In people in their mid-70s, only 0. 45 percent of cardiomyocytes
A．are still functional.
B．are reduced each year.
C．are replaced each year.
D．are damaged each year.
34．Chronic heart failure is attributed to
A．the dying heart cells.
B．the effect of pharmaceuticals.
C．the weight of the patient.
D．the life span of a person.
35．It is not known yet if the rate of cell turnover in diseased hearts
A．is high enough to replace cells faster than they’re dying off.
B．is of any use to researchers.
C．is the same as that in healthy hearts.
D．changes over time.
第二篇 The Iceman
On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountains between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters), the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so the body had come to the surface.
It was lying face downward. The skeleton（骨架）was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark（树皮）and a holder for arrows.
Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I. since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might lie her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old.
With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the Iceman was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3300 B.C．, he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that he was probably in some kind of a battle. It may have been part of a larger war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.
By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman a- bout the times he lived in. We may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times.
36．The body of the Iceman was found in the mountains mainly because
A．two Germans were climbing the mountains.
B．the melted ice made him visible.
C．he was lying on the ice.
D．he was just on a mountain pass.
37．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．The Iceman was killed while working.
B．The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.
C．The Iceman lived a poor life.
D．The Iceman was struck dead from behind.
38．All the following are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT
A．he was a soldier in World War I.
B．he was a Swiss woman’s long-lost father.
C．he was born about a thousand years ago.
D．he came from Italy.
39．The scientists made the deduction that the Iceman
A．was probably in some kind of a battle.
B．was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead.
C．had got a wound on the back of his head.
D．had a tiny hole in his skin causing his death.
40．The word “bandits” in paragraph 4 could he best replaced by
A．soldiers.
B．hunters.
C．shooters.
D．robbers.
第三篇 Acceptance of Chronic Illness
For chronically ill patients, giving up the hope that they will get better may actually lead to more happiness, U. S. researchers suggest.
“Hope is an important part of happiness, but there’s a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness,” Dr. Peter A．Ubel from the University of Michigan Health System said in a university news release.
He and his colleagues studied patients who’d just had a colostomy（结肠造口术）, which means their colons（结肠）were removed and they had to have bowel（肠）movements in a pouch（小袋）outside the body. At the time of the surgery, some patients were told the procedure was reversible and they’d have a second operation in a few months to reconnect their bowels. Other patients were told the colostomy was permanent.
The patients were followed for six months, and the researchers found that those without hope of regaining normal bowel function were happier than those with reversible colostomies.
“We think they were happier because they got on with their lives. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards,” Ubel said. “The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed. They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn’t make the best of their current situation. ”
The study, published in the November edition of Health Psychology, also may explain why people whose spouse（配偶）dies often recover better emotionally over time than those who get divorced, the researchers said.
That’s because people whose husband or wife dies have closure（结束）, while those who get divorced may still have hope for some chance of making up, they explained.
41．Chronically ill patients may be happier
A．if they keep thinking of their past.
B．if they believe they’ll recover.
C．if they put off moving on.
D．if they manage to get on with their life.
42．What had happened to the patients under study?
A．They had just survived an accident.
B．They had just had an operation.
C．They had just injured their colons.
D．They had just made some pouches.
43．One group of the patients was happier because
A．they made the best of their current situation.
B．they were good at playing cards.
C．they regained normal bowel function.
D．they were promised another operation.
44．The other group was not as happy because
A．they accepted their current situation.
B．they were anxious to get better.
C．they missed their previous life.
D．they refused to play cards.
45．What could be the message of the passage?
A．Giving up hope means giving up happiness.
B．Letting go of hope is at times a better choice.
C．Hope is what makes people move on.
D．Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness.
补全短文
第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
Semco
At 21, Ricardo Semler became boss of his father’s business in Brazil. Semco, which sold parts for ships. Semler Junior worked like a madman, from 7-30 a.m., until midnight every day. One afternoon, while touring a factory in New York, he collapsed. The doctor who treated him said. “There’s nothing wrong with you. But if you continue like this, you’ll find a new home in our hospital. " Semler got the message. He changed the way he worked. In fact, he changed the way his employees worked too.
He let his workers take more responsibility so that they would be the ones worrying when things went wrong. He allowed them to set their own salaries, and he cut all the jobs he thought were unnecessary, like receptionists and secretaries.__________(46) "Everyone at Semco, even top managers, meets guests in reception, does the photocopying, sends faxes, types letters and dials the phone. ”
He completely reorganized the office: instead of walls, they have plants at Semco, so bosses can’t shut themselves away from everyone else.__________ (47) As for uniforms, some people wear suits and others wear T-shirts.
Semler says, “We have a sales manager named Rubin Agater who sits there reading the newspaper hour after hour. He doesn’t even pretend to be busy. But when a Semco pump on the other side of the world fails and millions of gallons of oil are about to spill into the sea, Rubin springs into action. __________(48) That’s when he earns his salary. No one cares if he doesn’t look busy the rest of the time. ”
Semco has flexible working hours? The employees decide when they need to arrive at work. The employees also evaluate their bosses twice a year.__________ (49)
It sounds perfect, but does it work? The answer is in the numbers: in the last six years. Semco’s revenues have gone from $35 million to $212 million. The company has grown from eight hundred employees to 3,000. Why?
Semler says it’s because of “peer pressure”. Peer pressure makes everyone work hard for everyone else.__________ (50) In other words, Ricardo Semler treats his workers like adults and expects them to act like adults. And they do.
A．Also, Semco lets its workers use the company’s machines for their own projects, and makes them take holidays for at least thirty days a year.
B．Most managers spend their time making it difficult for workers to work.
C．This saved money and brought more equality to the company.
D．And the workers are free to decorate their workspace as they want.
E．He knows everything there is to know about our pumps and how to fix them.
F．If someone isn’t doing his job well, the other workers will not allow the situation to continue.
完形填空
第6部分：完形填空（第52~65题，每题1分，共15分）
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Nurse! I Want My Mummy
When a child is ill in hospital, a parent’s first reaction is to be__________(51) them.
Most hospitals now allow parents to sleep__________(52) with their child, providing a bed or sofa on the ward.
But until the 1970s this__________(53) was not only frowned upon（不赞同）— it was actively discouraged. Staff worried that the children would be__________(54) when their parents left, and so there was a blanket（通用的）ban.
A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn, disagreed and her study “Nurse, I want my mummy!” published in 1974, __________(55) the face of paediatric（儿科的）nursing.
Martin Johnson, a professor of nursing at the University of Salford, said that the work of __________(56) like Pamela had changed the face of patient care.
“Pamela’s study was done against the__________(57) of a lively debate in paediatrics and psychology as to the degree women should spend with children in the outside world and the degree to which they should be allowed to visit children in__________(58).”
“The idea was that if mum came to__________(59) a small child in hospital the child would be upset and inconsolable（无法安慰的）for hours.”
“Yet the nurse noticed that if mum did not come at_________(60) the child stayed in a relatively stable state but they might be depressed. ”
“Of course we know now that they had almost given up hope__________(61) mum was ever coming back. ”
“To avoid a little bit of pain they said that no one should visit.”
“But children were alone and depressed, so Hawthorn said parents should be__________ (62) to visit.”
Dr. Peter Carter, chief executive and general secretary of the Royal College of Nursing, said her_________ (63) had been seminal（开创性的）.
“Her research put an end to the__________ (64) when parents handed their children over to strangers at the door of the hospital ward.”
“As a result of her work, parents are now recognized as partners in care and are afforded the opportunity to stay with their children while they are in hospital,__________ (65) has dramatically improved both parents’ and children’s experience of care.”
51．A．with B．over C．upon D．for
52．A．soundly B．overtime C．fortnight D．overnight
53．A．order B．thought C．exercise D．practice
54．A．hungry B．upset C．surprised D．happy
55．A．changed B．examined C．covered D．cleaned
56．A．parents B．nurses C．doctors D．teachers
57．A．field B．background C．circle D．history
58．A．hospital B．family C．group D．school
59．A．worry B．control C．visit D．take
60．A．all B．large C．will D．it
61．A．unless B．that C．because D．whether
62．A．forced B．guided C．persuaded D．allowed
63．A．work B．condition C．doubt D．dream
64．A．months B．days C．weeks D．hours
65．A．which B．this C．what D．thus
参考答案
2010年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案（卫生类B级）
1 D 2 B 3 A 4 A 5 A
6 D 7 D 8 A 9 A 10 A
11 C 12 A 13 A 14 D 15 A
16 A 17 A 18 B 19 C 20 C
21 B 22 C 23 F 24 E 25 D
26 B 27 A 28 F 29 E 30 C
31 D 32 C 33 C 34 A 35 C
36 B 37 B 38 D 39 A 40 D
41 D 42 B 43 A 44 B 45 B
46 C 47 D 48 E 49 A 50 F
51 A 52 D 53 D 54 B 55 A
56 B 57 B 58 A 59 C 60 A
61 B 62 D 63 A 64 B 65 A
其中：
第一部分：第1～15题，每题1分，共15分；
第二部分：第16～22题，每题1分，共7分；
第三部分：第23～30题，每题1分，共8分；
第四部分：第31～45题，每题3分，共45分；
第五部分：第46～50题，每题2分，共10分；
第六部分：第51～65题，每题1分，共15分。
试卷满分：100分。
答案解析
2010年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析（卫生类B级）
第1部分：词汇选项
1．D　译文：我喜欢这部戏剧——它情节巧妙，对话幽默。
划线词为形容词，意思是“滑稽的，有趣的，可笑的”，与D项humorous（滑稽的，富有幽默感的）为同义词，又如：Tom is very humorous.汤姆很幽默。A项意为“长的”，例：The distance between us is long.我们之间的距离很远。B项意为“无趣的，单调的，乏味的”，例：It is a boring job.这是一件乏味的工作。C项意为“起初的，原来的”，例：We should follow the original plan.我们应该遵循原来的计划。
2．B　译文：在这个过程中，光能转化成热能。
划线词为动词，意思是“转变，变换”，多与to/into连用，与B项changes（变化）意思相近，又如：Let me change the dollar bill for coins.让我把这张美元的纸钞换成硬币。A项意为“减少”，例：He is trying to reduce expenses.他正努力减少开支。C项意为“离开”，例：Mary left school last year and she is working in a shop now.玛丽去年退了学，现正在一家商店工作。D项意为“下降；终止”，例：If a fire alarm is given, drop whatever you are doing, and leave the building at once.如果听到火警，立即停止手头的一切工作，马上离开建筑物。
3．A　译文：帕特丽夏不满地盯着其他女孩。
划线词为名词，意思是“怨恨”，与A项anger（怒气）意思相近，又如：She is swift to anger.她爱生气。B项意为“怀疑”，例：The outcome of the election remains in doubt.选举的结果仍然不能肯定。C项意为“爱”，例：My mother’s love for me was very great.母亲对我的爱是很深的。D项意为“吃惊”，例：To my surprise, he refused to cooperate with us.令我吃惊的是，他拒绝与我们合作。
4．A　译文：最终，那个小偷在逃出村子两英里后被抓住了。
划线词为动词，意思是“捕获；俘虏”，与A项caught（逮住，捕获）意思相近，又如：The policeman caught the thief.警察逮住了小偷。B项意为“扼杀，毁掉”，例；This has killed my hopes.这使我的希望破灭了。C项意为“找到”，例：Newton found that all masses attract each other.牛顿发现所有的物质都相互吸引。D项意为“监禁：拘留”，例：He went to jail for drunken driving.他因酒后开车入狱。
5．A　译文：这样一个数据库的建立必将耗资巨大。
划线词为动词，意思是“建立，创立”，与A项establish（建立）为同义词，又如：Our hospital was established in 1950.我们的医院建于1950年。B项意为“破坏”，例：What he said destroyed our last hope.他说的话摧毁了我们最后的希望。C项意为“更新”，例：Update and maintain client profile.更新并保存客户的信息和资料。D项意为“转换；调动”，例：She has been transferred to another department.她已被调往另一部门。
6．D　译文：如果我们现在走，应该能避开交通高峰。
划线词为动词，意思是“错过”，与D项avoid（避免）为同义词，又如：She braked suddenly and avoided an accident.她紧急刹车，避免了一场车祸。A项意为“指引；带领”，例：The general manager directed the company through a difficult time.总经理带领公司度过了难关。B项意为“阻止”，例：The policemen stopped the fight.警察制止了这场斗殴。C项意为“使混合”，例：The workmen mixed sand, gravel, and cement to make concrete.工人们把沙、石子和水泥混合成混凝土。
7．D　译文：他花费数年时间学习艺术知识。
划线词为动词，意思是“培养；陶冶”，与D项developing（发展）意思相近，又如：The builders are developing that part of the city.建筑商正在开发这座城市的那个地区。A项意为“分享”，例：My wife shared with me in distress.妻子与我共患难。B项意为“使用”，例：He promised to use his influence.他答应运用他的影响力。C项意为“否认”，例：Women were denied the right to vote at that moment.那时妇女被拒给选举权。
8．A　译文：这两家银行宣布了明年合并的计划。
划线词为动词，意思是“合并”，与A项combine（联合）意思相近，又如：We should combine punishment with leniency.我们应该将严厉对待和宽大处理相结合。B项意为“关闭”，例：The door won’t close.这门关不上。C项意为“打破”，例：Glass breaks easily.玻璃易碎。D项意为“卖”，例：Merchants buy and sell.商人买进卖出。
9．A　译文：很多城市限制在公共场所吸烟。
划线词为动词，意思是“限制”，与A项limited（限制）为同义词，又如：The teacher limited his students to 500 words for their compositions.老师把学生的作文限制在五百字以内。B项意为“允许”，例：Their teacher allowed them three days for the assignment.老师给他们三天时间完成作业。C项意为“阻止”，例：The policemen stopped the fight.警察制止了这场斗殴。D项意为“保持”.例：I kept it all the time to remind me of you.我一直保存着它，使自己想着你。
10．A　译文：我想给儿子们提供良好的教育。
划线词为形容词，意思是“体面的，相当好的”，和A项good（好的）意思相近，又如：Exercise is good for health.运动有益于健康。B项意为“特别的，专门的"，例：He never drinks except on special occasions.除非在特定场合，否则他从不喝涵。C项意为“私人的，秘密的”，例：The President is paying a private visit to Europe.总统正在对欧洲进行私人访问。D项意为“普遍的，总体的”，例：The general o pinion is in favour of us.舆论对我们有利。
11．C　译文：如果我待在这里，我有升职的机会吗？
划线词为名词，意思是“提升，晋级”，与C项advancement（前进；进展）为同义词，又如：The aim of a university should be the advancement of learning.大学的目标应是促进学术的发展。A项意为“退休”，例：She took to painting after retirement.她退休后爱上了绘画。B项意为“广告”，例：Advertisement helps to sell goods.广告有助于推销商品。D项意为“代替”，例：We need a replacement for the secretary who left.我们需要一个人代替已离职的秘书。
12．A　译文：我们已经看到了我们在对待社会问题的态度上的显着变化。
划线词为形容词，意思是“明显的；显着的”，与A项clear（清晰的）意思相近，又如：Professor Smith gave a clear explanation of the experiment.史密斯教授对这次实验做了清晰的讲解，B项意为“有规律的”，例：Everything seemed quite regular when the fire broke out.起火的时候，一切似乎都很正常。C项意为“迅速的”，例：He is quick to act.他行动迅速。D项意为“伟大的，优秀的”，例：It was a great decision for her.这对她来说是一个重大的决定。
13．A　译文：她的父亲温文尔雅。
划线词为形容词，意思是“典雅的，文雅的”，与A项polite（礼貌的，有教养的）意思相近，又如：He’s always so polite to people.他对人总是非常有礼貌。B项意为“相似的”，例：My view is similar to yours.我的看法与你的相似。 C项意为“通常的"，例：It’s usual to have a holiday in summer.夏天休假是惯例。D项意为“不好的”，例：Reading in a dim light is bad for the eyes.在暗淡的光线下看书有损视力。
14．D　译文：他发言后一片沉寂。
划线词为形容词，意思是“深深的；深刻的”，与D项deep（深的）意思相近，又如：She gave a deep sigh.她深深地叹了口气。A项意为“傲慢的，自负的”，例：He’s too proud to speak to poor people like us.他太骄傲了，从不与我们这样的穷人说话。B项意为“短的”，例：The railway station is only a short distance from here.火车站离这里很近。C项意为“突然的”，例：There was a sudden change in the plan.计划突然改变了。
15．A　译文：该文件由卫生部编制。
划线词为动词，意思是“汇编；编辑”，与A项written（写下，书写）意思相近，又如：He wrote lots of poems in his life.他一生中写了许多诗。B项意为“印，印刷”，例：The book was printed on rough yellow paper.这本书用粗粒的黄纸印刷。C项意为“装上，贴上”，多与to连用，例：He’ll attach the label to your luggage.他会把标签贴在你的行李上。D项意为“发送，寄”，多与to连用，例：Please have this note sent to Mr. Harrison.请派人把这张便条送给哈里森先生。
第2部分：阅读判断
16．A　句意：2007年英国有11,990名妇女死于乳腺癌。
关键词为in 2007。依据此关键词，可在短文第二段找到相关语句：The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11.990 women died in the UK in 2007.这句话的意思是：英国癌症研究数据显示2007年英国有11,990妇女死于乳腺癌。故此题为正确的。
17．A　句意：英国于1971年开始记录乳腺癌死亡的人数。
关键词为in 1971。依据此关键词，可在短文第三段找到相关语句：The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971 —the year records began…这句话的意思是：先前的最低数字记录于1971年——记录是从这一年开始的……。由破折号后面的内容可以得知英国确实于1971年开始记录乳腺癌死亡的人数，故此题为“正确”的。
18．B　句意：英国的乳腺癌诊断率呈下降趋势。
关键词：breast cancer diagnosis。依据此关键词，可在短文第四段找到相关语句：It’s incredibly encouraging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now that at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often.这句话的意思是：尽管乳腺癌正在被越来越多地诊断出来，但是非常鼓舞人心的是死于乳腺癌的妇女比以往40年任何时候都要少。由此可见，题目中的论述与原文意思相反，故此题为“错误”的。
19．C　句意：在你第一次被诊断出乳腺癌后，它很有可能在10年后再次复发。
关键词为first diagnosed。短文通篇没有提到乳腺癌的复发情况，故此题为“未提及”的。
20．C　句意：和世界上的其它国家相比，乳腺癌这种疾病在英国更常见。
关键词为many other countries。短文通篇没有提到乳腺癌在其它国家的情况，故此题为“未提及”的。
21．B　句意：2005年英国死于乳腺癌的人数比2004年要少。
关键词为in 2005。依据此关键词，可在短文第九段找到相关语句：There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two years of falls.这句话的意思是：2005年死亡人数有所增长，随后两年呈下降趋势。由此可见，题目中的论述与原文意思相反，所以此题为“错误”的。
22．C　句意：肥胖和过量饮酒也可能导致其它疾病。
关键词：obesity and alcohol consumption。依据此关键词，可在短文最后一句找到相关语句：The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity and alcohol consumption.这句话的意思是：逐渐上升的乳腺癌确诊率已归结为包括肥胖、过度饮酒在内的一系列因素。但是并没有提到肥胖和过量饮酒是否会导致其它疾病，故此题为“未提及”的。
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
23．F　短文第一段讲述了帕金森病的原因、表现及后期发展，整体对帕金森病进行了描述。 F项Definition of Parkinson’s Disease（帕金森病的定义）与段落大意意义相近，故选F。
24．E　短文第二段主要讲帕金森病的病因。第三句为主题句，意为：他们正在研究包括老龄化和环境中的毒素在内的多种原因。E项Possible Causes of the Disease（可能导致帕金森病的原因）与主题句意思吻合，故选E。
25．D　短文第三段主要讲震颤、难以吞咽食物和便秘等帕金森病的几个症状。D项Typical Symptoms of the Disease（帕金森病的典型症状）与段落大意意义相近，故选D。
26．B　短文第四段讲到，现在还没有找到帕金森病的治愈方法，但有几种药物可以控制它的症状，又提到如果轻微的话如何治疗，如果影响生活的话如何治疗等。B项Common Treatment for the Disease（帕金森病的普遍疗法）与段落大意意义相近，故选B。
27．A　题意：如果你体内没有足够的多巴胺，你会发现很难自如地行动。
短文第一段最后一句指出“到那时你没有足够的多巴胺，行动就会变得很困难”，故选A。
28．F　题意：科学家们做了许多研究，试图找到帕金森病的病因。
短文第二段前两句指出“没有人能确定是什么原因引起了这种神经细胞的损坏，但是科学家们正在为找到答案而进行大的研究”，故选F。
29．E　题意：帕金森病最常见的症状是震颤，这也许是你注意到的第一个症状。
短文第三段前两句指出“震颤也许是你注意到的第一个症状。虽然不是每个病人都会出现这种症状，但它是帕金森病最常见的症状”，故选E。
30．C　题意：帕金森病患者不得不试着去忍受这种疾病，它目前还不能被治愈。
短文第四段前两句指出“目前帕金森病还没有治愈方法。但是有几种药物可以控制它的症状使其变得容易忍受”，故选C。
第4部分：阅读理解
第一篇
31．D　题意：人一旦死亡，心脏就停止制造心肌细胞。
短文第一段开头提到，“科学家解开了一个为时甚久的谜团，他们发现人类在人的一生中心脏都会不停地制造新的心肌细胞，尽管新细胞产生的速度随年龄增长而放缓。”由此可推出，只有人死了，心脏才停止制造心肌细胞，故选D。
32．C　题意：这个发现对心脏疾病的治疗非常有用。
短文第二段提到，“这项发现发表于今年四月份第三期的《科学》杂志上。专家称这项发现可能会为如心脏衰竭、心脏病等疾病的治疗开辟出一条新途径。”故选C。
33．C　题意：对于到了75岁的人来说，每年只有0.45%的心肌细胞被替换。
短文第四段第二句提到“到了75岁，心肌细胞的更替率就降到每年0.45%了”，由此可知，到了75岁时，每年只有0.45%的心肌细胞被替换，故选C。
34．A　题意：慢性心力衰竭可以归因于心肌细胞的死亡。
短文第七段提到“慢性心力衰竭是由心肌细胞的死亡导致的”，故选A。
35．C　题意：不健康的心脏细胞更替率是否和健康心脏的一样还是未知的。
短文最后一段提到，“另外，心脏制造新细胞的数量是按照健康心脏计算的，但有疾病的心脏的细胞更替率是否与之一样还是未知的。”故选C。
第二篇
36．B　题意：冰人的尸体在山脉里被发现主要是因为融化的冰能够让他可见。
文中第一段最后两句指出“这个高度的冰通常是不会化的，但是由于1991年尤其暖和，山上的冰比原来化的要多，所以尸体就露出来了”，故选B。
37．B　题意：从文中第二段可以推断出：冰人可能是死于头部的伤。
根据第二段第一句对冰人的描述：“他面朝下，除了头部的一个伤口，整个骨架的状况完好”，因此可推出他可能是死于头部的伤，故选B。
38．D　题意：下面除了他来自意大利这个猜测，其它的都是关于冰人的猜测。
文中第三段是对冰人来历的猜测。有人认为他是一战的士兵；一个瑞士女人坚信冰人是她二十年前死在这些山里没找到尸体的父亲；科学家们认为他大概有一千年的历史了，故选D。
39．A　题意：科学家们得出结论：冰人当时可能是在进行战争。
文中第四段谈到通过X光检查出在他的肩膀处有个箭头，就是这个东西让他受了内伤并且流血，从而死掉。这说明他当时极有可能是处在一场战争中，故选A。
40．D　题意：第四段中“bandits”能被“robbers”代替。
第四段谈到冰人当时也许正处于一场很大的战争中，或者是与强盗的交战中，甚至他本人就是可能是强盗。robbers意为“抢劫者”，与bandits意思相近.故选D。
第三篇
41．D　句意：如果积极地面对生活，得了慢性病的病人会更幸福。
短文第一段提到“对于慢性病的病人而言，放弃身体状况会变好的希望可能会使他们更幸福”，故选D。
42．B　句意：被研究的病人怎么了？他们刚刚做完手术。
短文第三段提到“他和他的同事研究了刚刚做完结肠造口术的病人”，由此可见，这些病人刚做过手术，故选B。
43．A　句意：其中一组病人要开心些，因为他们适应现在的生活。
短文第五段第二句提到，“第一组（不开心的一组）在等待他们的结肠造口手术被扭转，他们总是把现在的生活和他们想要的生活进行比较，没有很好地适应现在的生活。”由此可推知，另一组病人之所以开心些是因为他们适应了现在的生活，故选A。
44．B　句意：其中一组病人不开心，因为他们很渴望早日恢复。
短文第五段第二句提到，“他们总是把现在的生活和他们想要的生活进行比较.没有很好地适应现在的生活。”由此可推知，他们实际上是渴望早日康复，而现状又不允许，所以会不开心，故选B。
45．B　句意：文章所要传递的信息是什么？放弃希望有时候会是个更好的选择。
文章第二段第一句提到“希望有时候会有不好的一面”。第四段又提到“研究者发现那些放弃恢复正常肠功能希望的人们比那些有希望的人们要开心”。由此可见，有些时候放弃希望会是个更好的选择，故选B。
第5部分：补全短文
46．C　句意：此举削减了开支并使公司内部更加平等。
前一句是对“save money”的例证，后面是对“equality”的例证，故选C。
47．D　句意：工人们可以随意装饰他们的工作地点。
前一句谈到了办公室人员的办公环境，根据上下文，D项相应的提到了工人们的工作环境，同时也很好地衔接了下一句的内容，故选D。
48．E　句意：他了解我们所有的泵，并且知道如何去修理。
前一句谈到，当我们的泵出现问题时，他就会行动起来，所以后面应该进行解释，故选E。
49．A　句意：另外，Semco允许工人利用公司的设备来完成自己的项目，并且每年给他们至少30天假期。
根据“also”可知，此句之前应该有并列内容的陈述，此外，依据段落内容可以判断都应该与员工自由和福利相关，故选A。
50．F　句意：如果有人没有好好工作，其他员工是不会容许这种状况持续下去的。
根据前面所说的同辈人之间的趋同心理压力、攀比心理压力等会使每个人都为了别人而努力工作，所以后面应该是进行解释，故选F。
第6部分：完形填空
51．A　本题考查常识，当小孩子生病了，父母的第一反应应该是陪着他们。to be with some body和某人在一起，故选A。
52．D　由上下文可知，现今，大多数医院都允许父母陪孩子过夜，并为他们在病房提供沙发或床。overnight表示“一夜地，过夜”故选D。
53．D　此处要表达的意思是“直到19世纪70年代，这个惯例才被接受”。practice表示“惯常做法”，故选D。
54．B　根据上文可知，此处要表达的意思是“工作人员担心孩子们在父母离开后会难过，所以干脆不让父母们陪伴”。upset表示“难过，失望”，故选B。
55．A　由下文可知，此处要表达的意思是“Pamela的研究使儿科护理的面貌发生了改变”。 change表示“改变”，故选A。
56．B　根据第四段首句中的“A concerned nurse, Pamela Hawthorn”判断出Pamela是一个护士（nurse），故选B。
57．B　本题考查固定搭配，against the background表示“在……的背景下”，故选B。
58．A　根据上文可知，此处要表达的意思是.Pamela的研究是当孩子在户外或医院时，母亲应该花多长时间来陪伴他们。hospital表示“医院”，故选A.
59．C　根据上文可知，此处要表达的意思是，如果母亲到医院来看望孩子，孩子会在母亲离开后几小时内感到失落并无法安慰。visit表示“看望”，故选C。
60．A　本题考查固定搭配，not at all表示“根本不，一点也不”，故选A。
61．B　本题考查同位语从句，此处that引导同位语从句，对hope进行解释说明，故选B。
62．D　由上下文可知，此处要表达的意思是，没有母亲的陪伴，孩子们会感到孤独和失落，所以父母应该被允许来着望孩子们，allowed表示允许，故选D.
63．A　由上下文可知，此处要表达的意思是，Peter Carter认为她（Pamela）的研究工作是升创性的。work表示“工作”，故选A。
64．B　根据上文可知，此处要表达的意思是，她的研究使家长在病房门口把孩子交给陌生人照顾的日子结束了。days表示“日子，时代”，故选B。
65．A　本题考查非限制性定语从句，此处which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面提到的整件事情，故选A。