2012年职称英语等级考试(综合类C级)真题附答案和解析
日期:2014-06-19 17:19

(单词翻译:单击)

词汇选项

第1部分:词汇选项(第1~15题,每题1分,共15分)

1.“What do you mean by that?” Paul asked sharply.
A.critically B.helplessly C.politely D.quickly
2.He inspired many young people to take up the sport.
A.encouraged B.allowed C.called D.advised
3.On the table was a vase filled with artificial flowers.
A.wild B.fresh C.lovely D.false
4.The storm caused severe damage.
A.physical B.accidental C.environmental D.serious
5.He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia.
A.gradual B.regular C.direst D.occasional
6.A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy.
A.watched B.shouted C.gathered D.walked
7.She only needs a minute amount of money.
A.certain B.small C.fair D.full
8.The story was published with the sole purpose of selling newspapers.
A.real B.main C.practical D.only
9.We had trouble finding a pure water supply.
A.clean B.typical C.complete D.clear
10.The city centre was wiped out by the bomb.
A.destroyed B.covered C.reduced D.moved
11.Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early.
A.discovered B.selected C.operated D.developed
12.Did she accept his research proposal?
A.invitation B.offer C.plan D.view
13.The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious.
A.need B.hate C.love D.pity
14.I’d like to withdraw £500 from my current account.
A.leave B.pay C.put D.draw
15.Keep your passport in a secure place.
A.safe B.special C.good D.different
阅读判断

第2部分:阅读判断(第16~22题,每题1分,共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。
Brotherly Love
Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for over half a century.
Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world. But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany.
Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker. They loved sport but complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. Rudolph always said, “You cannot play sports wearing shoes that you’d walk around town with.” So they started making their own. In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes(钉), produced on the Dasslers’ kitchen table.
On 1st July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years. The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany’s athletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games.
But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women. The result was that Adolph left the company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas.
Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too. At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild cat. The famous Puma logo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since.
After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years. Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called “My Adidas” and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok, another big sports shoe company.
The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixty years ago, the town has been split into two. Even now, some Adidas employees and Puma employees don’t talk to each other.
16.Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17.The brothers’ father was a ball maker.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18.The brothers make shoes at home.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19.The brothers argued about the shoes.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20.The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21.Nike makes more shoes than Adidas.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22.People in town have forgotten their argument.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
概括大意和完成句子
第3部分:概括大意和完成句子(第23~30题,每题1分,共8分)
下面的短文后有2项测试任务:(1)第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题;(2)第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。
Who Built Giza’s Pyramids(金字塔)?
1 For centuries, the pyramids of Giza have been timeless symbols of Egyptian culture. But who actually built them? For years, we did not know for sure. But archeologists(考古学家) recently discovered an ancient village near the pyramids. Close by, there was also a cemetery(墓地)where pyramid builders were buried. From studying these places, archeologists can now confirm that the pyramids were not built by slaves or foreigners. Ordinary Egyptians built them.
2 It took about eighty years to build the pyramids. According to archeologists, about 20, 000 — 30, 000 people were involved in completing the task. The workers had different roles. Some dug up the rock, some moved it, and some shaped it into blocks. People also worked on different teams, each with its own name. On a wall in Khufu’s Great Pyramid, for example, a group of workers wrote “Friends of Khufu” Teams often competed to do a job faster.
3 Life for these workers was hard. "We can see that in their skeletons(骨架),” says Azza Mo -hamed Sarry El-Din in, a scientist studying bodies found in the cemetery. The bones show signs of arthritis(关节炎) which developed from carrying heavy things for a long time. Archeologists have also found many female skeletons in the village and cemetery. The damage to their bones is similar to the men’s. Their lives may have been even tougher: male workers lived to age 40—45, but women to only 30—35. However, workers usually had enough food, and they also had medical care if they got sick or hurt.
4 The work was challenging, but laborers were proud of their work. "It’s because they were not just building the tomb of their king,” says Egyptian archeologist Zahi Hawass. “They were building Egypt. It was a national project, and everyone was a participant. ”


23.Paragraph 1 ______
24.Paragraph 2 ______
25.Paragraph 3 ______
26.Paragraph 4 ______

A.Builders of the pyramids
B.Egyptian slaves
C.Pyramid builders’ jobs
D.Pyramid builders’ tough lives
E.An important national project
F.Female pyramid builders: the challenges


27.The pyramids of Giza were built ______.
28.To build the pyramids, the workers had different roles and worked ______.
29.Both men and women workers suffered from arthritis which developed ______.
30.The pyramid builders were proud ______

A.of their king
B.from taking heavy things
C.on different teams
D.by foreigners
E.of their work
F.by ordinary Egyptians


阅读理解
第一篇 From Ponzi to Madoff
The year was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The man’s name was Charles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account. Instead, they should give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. For example, a savings account might pay you $ 5 a year for every $ 100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $ 40 a year for every $ 100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi.
How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $ 250 million. This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didn’t think anything was wrong. Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working for two years. Then one day, he didn’t have enough money to pay all the people. They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud.
Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff. People said he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $ 170 billion. However, no one investigated what he did with the money. The people who gave Madoff their money also didn’t think anything was wrong because he paid them every month.
One day, Madoff didn’t have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay. That’s when people discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions.
Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him. He didn’t have to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him to 150 years in prison. Bernard Madoff’s crime was even bigger than Ponzi’s. It was the biggest fraud in history. The lesson of this story is clear. When something seems too good to be true, it probably is!
31.For every $ 100, Ponzi promised to pay people__________.
A.$ 5 a year.
B.$ 20 a year.
C.$ 40 a year.
D.$ 100 a year.
32.What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?
A.He spent it all on things for himself.
B.He used some of it to pay other people.
C.He deposited it all in a bank.
D.He kept it all to save for a good plan.
33.What was Ponzi’s crime?
A.He robbed the banks of millions of dollars.
B.He gave people more than the bank did.
C.He kept a lot of other people’s money for himself.
D.He did not pay people their interests.
34.How long did Madoffs tricks last?
A.Forty years.
B.Four year.
C.Nine years.
D.Ninety years.
35.Why didn’t Madoff have to go on trial?
A.The officials couldn’t find any evidence against him.
B.He had friends in the government who helped him.
C.He admitted he was guilty.
D.He returned all the illegal money.
第二篇 Puerto Rican Cuisine(菜肴)
Puerto Rico, a Caribbean(加勒比海区)island rich in history and remarkable natural beauty, has a cuisine all its own. Immigration(移民)to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over the world making various contributions to it. However, before the arrival of these immigrants, the Taino people lived on the island of Puerto Rico. Taino cuisine included such foods as rodents(啮齿动物) fresh shellfish and fish fried in corn oil.
Many aspects of Taino cuisine continue today in Puerto Rican cooking, but it has been heavily influenced by the Spanish, who invaded Puerto Rico in 1508, and Africans, who were initially brought to Puerto Rico to work as slaves. Taino cooking styles were mixed with ideas brought by the Spanish and Africans to create new dishes. The Spanish extended food choices by bringing cattle, pigs, goats, and sheep to the island. Africans also added to the island’s food culture by introducing powerful, contrasting tastes in dishes. In fact, much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous for—coffee, coconuts, and oranges—was actually imported by foreigners to the island.
A common assumption many people make about Puerto Rican food is that it is very spicy(辛辣的). It’s true that chili peppers are popular; aij caballero in particular is a very hot chili pepper that Puerto Ricans enjoy. However, milder(微辣的) tastes are popular too, such as sofrito. As the base of many Puerto Rican dishes, sofrito is a sauce made from chopped onions, green bell peppers, sweet chili peppers, and a handful of other spices. It is fried in oil and then added to other dishes.
36.Who lived in Puerto Rico first?
A.The Africans.
B.The Spanish.
C.The Americans.
D.The Taino people.
37.In the first paragraph the word “it” refers to __________.
A.immigration
B.Caribbean history
G. the island’s natural beauty
D.Puerto Rican cuisine
38.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A.Taino dishes are important in Puerto Rican cooking.
B.Food imported by foreigners isn’t really Puerto Rican.
C.Puerto Rican cooking has many outside influences.
D.African foods have probably had the most influence.
39.How is sofrito used?
A.It is eaten before meals.
B.It is added to other dishes.
C.It is used where foods are too spicy.
D.It is eaten as a main dish.
40.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.Softito is a type of extremely spicy food.
B.Many people think Puerto Rican food is spicy.
C.Puerto Rican cuisine uses a lot of chili peppers.
D.Aij caballero is a type of chili pepper.
第三篇 The Changing Middle Class
The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation. However, middle class is not a real designation, nor does it carry privileges(特权). It is more of a perception, which probably was as true as it ever could be right after World War II. The economy was growing; more and more people owned their own homes; workers had solid contracts with the companies that employed them; and nearly everyone who wanted a higher education could have one. Successful people enjoyed upward social mobility. They may have started out poor, but they could become rich. Successful people also found that they had greater geographic mobility. In other words, they found themselves moving to and living in a variety of places.
The middle class collectively holds several values and principles. One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one’s own economic fate. In addition, middle-class morality(道德观)embraces principles of individual responsibility, importance of family, obligations to others, and believing in something outside oneself.
But in the 1990s those in the middle class found that there was a price for success. A U. S. News World Report survey in 1994 indicated that 75 percent of Americans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet. Both spouses now worked, as did some of the children; long commutes became routine; the need for child care put strains on the family; and public schools were not as good as they once were. Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat. The understanding of just what middle class meant was changing.
41.This passage gives information about __________.
A.a social and economic group
B.an individual
C.a political organization
D.a government department
42.In the years after World War II, the middle class were __________.
A.overburdened and in debt
B.hard working and doubtful
C.happy and full of hope
D.young and upset
43.One important middle-class value is that __________.
A.people should always have fun
B.children should believe in themselves
C.debt is nothing to worry about
D.they should earn enough to finance their lifestyles
44.In the second paragraph, the word “collectively” means __________.
A.hesitatingly
B.unknowingly
C.weakly
D.commonly
45.The 1994 survey showed most Americans thought the middle class __________.
A.took pleasure in raising children
B.had a regular journey to work
C.could not earn enough money to maintain their lifestyles
D.could easily maintain their lifestyles
补全短文

第5部分:补全短文(第46~50题,每题2分,共10分)
下面的短文有5处空白,短文后有6个句子,其中5个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章面貌。 Forests for Cities
You are standing in a beautiful forest in Japan. The air is clean and smells like plants and flowers. There are 175 different kinds of trees, and 60 kinds of birds live here. _______ (46) You are downtown in the city of Nara, Japan, in Kasugayama Forest, the oldest urban forest in the world. It was started more than a thousand years ago, and today it’s very popular with tourists and artists.
Cities around the world are working to protect their urban forests. Some urban forests are parks, and some are just streets with a lot of trees. But all urban forests have many good effects on the environment. _______ (47) They also stop the noise from heavy traffic. They even make the weather better because they make the air 3-5 degrees cooler, and they stop strong winds.
Urban forests also have many good effects on people. They make the city more beautiful. In a crowded area, they give people a place to relax and spend time in nature. ____ (48)
In some countries, people are starting new urban forests. In England, there are now 1.3 million trees in an urban forest called Thames Chase, east of London. It was started in 1990, and it has grown very fast. Walking and bicycle clubs use the forest, and there are programs for children and artists.____ (49)
Some older cities don’t have space for a big urban forest, but planting trees on the streets makes the city better. Scientists found that commuters(通勤人员)feel more relaxed when they can see trees. Trees are even good for business. _______ (50) In the future, urban forests will become even more important as our cities grow bigger. In the megacities(超大城市)of tomorrow, people will need more green space to live a comfortable life. Planting trees today will make our lives better in the future.
A.People spend more time at shopping centers that have trees
B.In hot countries, urban forests are cool places for walking and other healthy exercises
C.But you are not in rural area
D.Trees take pollution out of the air
E.In 2033, it will have 5 million trees
F.It has many kinds of birds in the country
完形填空

第6部分:完形填空(第52~65题,每题1分,共15分)
下面的短文有15处空白,请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
Traffic in Our Cities
The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This causes many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risk __________ (51) accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to __________ (52) their habits and leave their cars at home.
One possible__________ (53) is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by __________ (54) charges for parking and __________ (55) tougher fines for anyone who __________ (56) the law. In addition, drivers could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, __________ (57) as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a __________ (58) of cities, using a special electronic card __________ (59) to the windscreen of the car.
Another way of__________ (60) with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the __________ (61) of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the centre. Drivers and their passengers then use a special bus __________ (62) for the final stage of their journey.
Of course, the most important__________ (63) is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to__________ (64) the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares__________ (65) at an acceptable level.
51.A.of B.for C.about D.by
52.A.acquire B.arrange C.support D.change
53.A.manner B.approach C.custom D.style
54.A.enlarging B.increasing C.growing D.developing
55.A.carrying down B.putting off C.bringing in D.taking away
56.A.crosses B.refuses C.breaks D.cracks
57.A.designed B.known C.seen D.called
58.A.quantity B.total C.sum D.number
59.A.fixed B.joined C.built D.placed
60.A.doing B.handling C.solving D.dealing
61.A.border B.outside C.limit D.outskirts
62.A.service B.station C.route D.fare
63.A.thought B.case C.event D.thing
64.A.pass on B.throw away C.give up D.leave out
65.A.taken B.blocked C.kept D.given
参考答案
1 A 2 A 3 D 4 D 5 B
6 C 7 B 8 D 9 A 10 A
11 A 12 C 13 B 14 A 15 A
16 B 17 B 18 A 19 B 20 A
21 C 22 B 23 A 24 C 25 D
26 E 27 F 28 C 29 B 30 E
31 C 32 B 33 D 34 A 35 C
36 D 37 D 38 C 39 B 40 A
41 A 42 C 43 D 44 D 45 C
46 C 47 D 48 B 49 E 50 A
51 A 52 D 53 B 54 B 55 C
56 B 57 B 58 D 59 A 60 D
61 D 62 A 63 D 64 B 65 C
其中:
第一部分:第1~15题,每题1分,共15分;
第二部分:第16~22题,每题1分,共7分;
第三部分:第23~30题,每题1分,共8分;
第四部分:第31~45题,每题3分,共45分;
第五部分:第46~50题,每题2分,共10分;
第六部分:第51~65题,每题1分,共15分。
试卷满分:100分。

答案解析
2012年职称英语等级考试真题参考答案及解析(综合类C级)
第1部分:词汇选项
1.A 题意:“你什么意思?”保尔严厉地问道。
句子中sharply的意思是严厉地,锋利地。A中critically的意思是批判性地,苛求地。例句:It enables them to think and act critically.这使得他们能够批判性地思考和行动。B中helplessly的意思是无助地,无能地;例句:They helplessly watch the crops being flooded.他们眼睁睁地看着庄稼被水淹了。C中politely的意思是有礼貌地,客气地;例句:You should deal with her more politely.你应该待她更客气些。D中quickly的意思是迅速地;例句:She appeared at the party but left quickly.她在聚会上露面,但很快就离开了。故选A。
2.A 题意:他鼓励很多年轻人运动起来。
句子中inspired的意思是鼓舞,激励。A中encouraged的意思是鼓励,支持;例句:How do you encourage creativity and innovation in your home?在你的家里,你怎么鼓励创新和创造性呢?B中allowed的意思是允许;例句:Allow your children to do this.让您的孩子这样做吧!C中called的意思是叫,通电话;例句:What should I call you?请问我怎么称呼您?D中advised的意思是建议;例句:For tests, rather than exams, we do not advise preparation.如果是测试而不是正式考试,我们并不建议做准备。故选A。
3.D 题意:桌子上的花瓶里插满了假花。
句子中artificial的意思是人造的,人工的,虚假的。A中wild的意思是野生的;例句:The news spread like wild-fire.消息像野火般迅速传播开来。B中fresh的意思是新鲜的;例句:Of course not, but you will see something fresh.当然不是,但你会看到一些新鲜的东西。C中lovely的意思是可爱的;例句:I like that lovely doll.我喜欢那只可爱的娃娃。D中false的意思是假造的;例句:His purpose is to lull us into a false sense of security.他的目的就是使我们产生虚假的安全感。故选D。
4.D 题意:风暴造成了严重的损失。
句子中severe的意思是剧烈的,严重的。A中physical的意思是物质的;身体的;体力的;例句:For them,getting rid of heavy physical labor is a big thing.对他们来说,摆脱重体力劳动是一件大事。B中accidental的意思是意外的,偶然(发生)的;例句:Their marriage was quite accidental.他们的结合是偶然的。C中environmental的意思是(个人)环境的,周围的;例句:She usually writes about environmental issues.她通常写环境方面的题材。D中serious的意思是严肃的,严重的;例句:A serious look passed over his face.他脸上显出一副严肃的神色。故选D。
5.B 题意:当他在澳大利亚的时候还与家人不断保持联系。
句子中constant的意思是不断的,持续的。A中gradual的意思是渐进的,逐渐的;例句:Throughout the course of this century, the warming of the planet will be gradual.在本世纪的整个过程中,这个星球的变暖将是渐进的。B中regular的意思是有规律的,不变的;例句:He is a regular contributor to children’s magazines.他经常为儿童刊物写稿。C中direst的意思是极度的;例句:As long as you try your best to find out the solution, you can defeat the direst wolf.只要肯动脑筋想办法,可怕的狼,也可以打败哦!D中occasional的意思是偶尔的,不经常的;例句:We were lucky to get one occasional word out of her.偶尔能听到她说出一个字我们就觉得运气很好了。故选B。
6.C 题意:美国使馆前面聚集了一大群人。
句子中assembled的意思是集合。A中watched的意思是注视,注意;例句:I seldom play chess, but I like to watch.我很少下棋,但是喜欢看。B中shouted的意思是呼,喊,叫;例句:If you know the answer, shout it out!如果你知道答案,就大声说出来。C中gathered的意思是(使)聚集,集合;例句:These little animals gather nuts from the ground in the autumn.秋天,这些小动物把地上的坚果收集起来。D中walked的意思是走,步行,散步;例句:You walk on ahead, I shall soon catch you up.你在前面先走,我很快就会赶上你。故选C。
7.B 题意:她只需要很少的钱。
句子中minute是形容词,意思是微小的,少的,与tiny,ultratelescopic是同义词。A中certain的意思是必然的,已确定的,某一的;例句:Ask how and why they did certain things.问他们为什么和怎么做到某些事。B中small的意思是小的,细微的;例句:He had no choice but to kip in that small inn.他别无选择,只有在那个小旅店中住一宿了。C中fair的意思是公平的,合理的;例句:It’s not very fair to blame me for that.为那件事而埋怨我是不大公平的。D中full的意思是满的,完全的;例句:But there is one problem:they are full of cyanide.但是这有一个问题:它们是充满了氰化物的。故选B。
8.D 题意:这个故事刊登的唯一目的就是售报纸。
句子中sole的意思是唯一的。A中real的意思是真实的;例句:The soldier acted like a real hero.那个士兵的举动像一个真正的英雄。B中main的意思是主要的,最重要的;例句:His main work is to receipt for each lot of goods.他的主要工作是给每一批货物开收据。C中practical的意思是实用的,实际的;例句:The booklet is very practical and handy of reference。这本小册子很实用,而且便于查考。D中only的意思是唯一的,仅有的;例句:He can outthink me only in the field of the society.只有在社会学的领域上他会比我思考得深刻。故选D。
9.A 题意:我们在寻找纯净水供应方面遇到了麻烦。
句子中pure的意思是纯的,干净的。A中clean的意思是清洁的,干净的;例句:Whatever you choose to wear,though, should be clean.但无论穿什么,你的衣服必须是干净的。B中typical的意思是典型的,代表性的;例句:This painting is a typical Rembrandt.这描画是一幅典型的伦勃朗作品。C中complete的意思是完全的,完整的;例句:He will assist you to complete the task.这项任务由他辅助你去完成。D中clear的意思是清楚的,明白的;例句:Our attitude is clear.我们的态度是明确的。故选A。
10.A 题意:城市中心被炸弹攻陷。
句子中wiped out的意思是歼灭,攻陷。A中destroyed的意思是破坏,摧毁,消灭,歼灭;例句:We want to nurture the new project, not destroy it.我们要支持这个新工程,不要破坏它。B中covered的意思是覆盖,掩护;例句:We push seeds in the dirt and cover them.我们把种子把放在泥土里面并覆盖它们。C中reduced的意思是减少,降低;例句:She tried to reduce her weight.她设法降低她的体重。D中moved的意思是移动,搬动;例句:His parents are going to move in with him.他的父母准备搬来和他住在一起。故选B。
11.A 题意:如果发现得早,很多癌症都能被治愈。
句子中detected的意思是发现,发觉,查明。A中discovered的意思是发现;偶然撞见;发觉。例句:We discovered that our luggage had been stolen.我们发觉行李被偷了。B中selected的意思是选择;例句:They select him to their leader.他们选他做他们的领导人。C中operated的意思是做操作;运转;经营;例句:The lift doesn’t operate properly.这台电梯运转不正常。D中developed的意思是发展;例句:Plants develop from seeds, but many animals developed from eggs.植物由种子发育而成,而许多动物由卵发育而来。故选A。
12.C 题意:她接受他的研究方案了吗?
句子中proposal是名词,意思是方案,建议。A中invitation的意思是招待,邀请;例句:He will take it amiss if you refuse his invitation.如果你拒绝他的邀请,他会生气的。B中offer的意思是议案;例句:She interlocked her fingers and considered the offer.她双手交叉,考虑着该提议。C中plan的意思是计划,方案;例句:Are you for or against the plan?你支持还是反对这项计划?D中view的意思是看,风景。例句:There’s a fine view of the lake from our hotel window.从我们旅馆的窗口可以看到湖的美丽风光。故选C。
13.B 题意:他对学生的蔑视是显而易见的。
句子中contempt的意思是轻视,轻蔑。A中need的意思是需要;例句:We are collecting money for children in need.我们在为贫困儿童募捐。B中hate的意思是仇恨,厌恶;例句:And they have an ideology of hate.在他们的意识形态中只有仇恨。C中love的意思是爱,喜欢;例句:My love for you will never die.我对你的爱将始终不渝。D中pity的意思是怜悯,同情,憾事。例句:The old lady often takes pity on small animals.那位老太太常常怜悯小动物。故选B。
14.A 题意:我要从账户中取500英镑。
句子中withdraw的意思是取。A中leave的意思是离开,遗弃,交托;例句:She happened into the bar as I was going to leave.正当我打算离开那家酒吧时,她碰巧走了进来。B中pay的意思是付款,偿还;例句:I’d like to pay with my credit card.我想用信用卡支付。C中put的意思是放;例句:Let me put down your telephone number.让我把你的电话号码记下来。D中draw的意思是移动,提取。例句:Can I draw $50 from my account?我可以从我的账户上提取50美元吗?故选A。
15.A 题意:把你的护照放在安全的地方。
句子中secure的意思是安全的,安心的。A中safe的意思是安全的,保险的;例句:It is a safe port for vessels of any size.这是一个任何吨位的船舶都可停靠的安全港口。B中special的意思是特殊的,专门的;例句:No special license will be regranted to anyone from now on.特殊许可证今后不得向任何人再行发放。C中good的意思是好的,优秀的;例句:You should not disparage good manners.你不应该轻视好的风度。D中different的意思是不同的,不平常的;例句;Don’t lump all these different problems together.不要把这些不同的问题混为一谈。故选A。

第2部分:阅读判断
16.B 题意:阿迪达斯和彪马自19世纪末开始做鞋。
文章第二段Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes表明,从1928年开始两个公司就开始为奥林匹克运动员等提供鞋了,所以本题的说法是错误的。故选B。
17.B 题意:这两兄弟的父亲是做球的。
文中第三段第一句Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker说明两兄弟是一个鞋匠的儿子。所以选B。
18.A 题意:这两兄弟在家里做鞋。
文中第三段最后一句In 1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes, produced on the Dasslers’ kitchen table.说明他们的第一双鞋是在家里的餐桌上做出来的。本题的说法是正确的,故选A。
19.B 题意:两兄弟因为鞋争吵。
文中第五段对于争吵有描写。 No one knows exactly what happened, but family members have suggested that the argument was about money or women虽然没人知道到底发生了什么,但是家庭成员觉得两人是为了金钱和女人起了争执。所以题干说法错误,故选B。
20.A 题意:争吵之后兄弟俩决定建立各自的公司。
第五、六两段分别写了两人争吵之后建立公司的细节。所以题干说法是正确的。故选A。
21.C 题意:耐克做的鞋比阿迪达斯多。
文章只写了阿迪达斯和彪马两个公司的事,没有提及耐克。所以本题选C。
22.B 题意:镇子里的人忘记了他们的争吵。
从最后一段我们可以看出,不但两兄弟吵架了,两兄弟各自公司的员工也互不理睬。第一句The terrible family argument should really be forgotten说明争吵应该被遗忘,但是接着以but来转折,可见题干说法是错误的。故选B。

第3部分:概括大意与完成句子
23.A 文中第一段从开始提出谁建造了金字塔的疑问,到最后一句Ordinary Egyptians built them都是围绕金字塔的建造者这个话题在论述,所以本题选A。
24.C 文中第二段主要讲述建造者在建造过程中的分工。所以本题选C。
25.D 文中第三段主旨句为第一句Life for these workers was hard,由此说明,建造者的生活很困苦。所以本题选D。
26.E 文中最后一段最后一句对全文进行总结It was a national project, and everyone was a participant,即这是一项举国的工程,每个人都是参与者。所以本题选E。
27.F 金字塔是由……建造的。
由文中第一段最后一句Ordinary Egyptians built them说明金字塔是由埃及老百姓建造的。所以本题选F。
28.C 为了建金字塔,工人们承担不同的角色并……工作。
这是讲工人的分工,应在第二段中寻找。The workers had different roles…People also worked on different teams,从中可知他们还分组工作。所以本题选C。
29.B 男工女工都承受着由于……得的关节炎的痛苦。
以arthritis(关节炎)为关键字到文中寻找,由第三段第三句The bones show signs of arthritis, which developed from carrying heavy things for a long time可知关节炎是由于长期搬重物而导致。所以本题选B。
30.E 金字塔建造者为……感到骄傲。
以proud为关键字回原文查找,由最后一段第一句The work was challenging, but laborers were proud of their work可知他们为自己所做的工作感到骄傲。所以本题选E。

第4部分:阅读理解
第一篇
31.C 题意:庞齐承诺每100美元一年给人们多少收益?
题中的关键字是$100,回原文查找,很容易找到第一段倒数第三、四句For example,a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $ 100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $ 40 a year for every $ 100 you gave him to hold这说明100元存银行只有5元的收益,但是庞齐却给40元的收益。所以本题选C。
32. B 句意:当人们把钱给庞齐的时候他是怎么做的?
关于庞齐如何处置别人给他的钱,文章第二段中第二句This is what he did with the money people gave him:He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money他把钱给另外给他钱的人。这也就是我们常说的拆东墙补西墙。所以本题选B。
33.D 句意:庞齐犯了什么罪?
本题的关键字是crime,在文章第二段找到相关句为本段最后一句They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud从中我们可以看到,他是因为诈骗入狱的。四个选项中D项他没有给人们支付利息属于诈骗,所以本题选D。
34.A 句意:麦道夫的骗局持续了多长时间?
文中关于年的语句很多,要仔细甄别。文章从第三段开始讲述关于麦道夫的故事。第三段第五句Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $ 170 billion与题干相呼应,即在超过40年的时间里,人们拱手给他送上1700亿美元。所以本题选A。
35.C 句意:为什么麦道夫没有必要出庭受审?
文中最后一段第二句He didn’t have to go on trial because he said he was guilty表明他没有被审判是因为他自认有罪。所以本题选C。
第二篇
36.D 题意:最初住在波多黎各的是什么人?
第一段第三句before the arrival of these immigrants, the Taino people lived on the island of Puerto Rico说明,在移民进入之前,泰诺人住在波多黎各。所以D项是对的。
37.D 题意:在第一段中单词“it”指的是什么?
在第一段中找到it所在的句子为Immigration to the island has helped to shape its cuisine, with people from all over the world making various contributions to it从此句可以看出,it指代的是上半句的cuisine(菜肴)。所以选D。
38.C 题意:第二段主要讲的是什么?
第二段最后一句是对全段的总结:much of the food Puerto Rico is now famous...was actually imported by foreigners to the island可见波多黎各菜肴是受众多外国移民的影响。所以C项是正确的。
39.B 题意:sofrito是用来做什么的?
到文中最后一段找到关于的sofrito叙述,本段末两句As the base of many Puerto Rican dishes, sofrito is a sauce…,可知sofrito是波多黎各菜肴的基本材料,是一种浇在其它菜上的酱。所以B项It is added to other dishes是对的,故选B。
40.A 题意:下列哪个是不正确的?
四个选项都是围绕着辣的话题,这些在最后一段都能找到答案。由本段第三句However, milder tastes are popular too, such as sofrito可知sofrito是微辣的,但项A中说sofrito是极辣的,显然不正确,故选A。
第三篇
41.A 题意:本文提供了关于……的信息。
全文都在讲美国的中产阶级,所以本题的关键词是middle class,对于中产阶级,它既不是一个独立个体(B项),也不是一个政治组织(C项),更不是一个政府部门(D项),它是一个社会经济群体。所以本题选A。
42.C 题意:二战后,中产阶级……
关于二战后的讲述,集中在第一段。由本段后半部分可知,在这段时期,中产阶级的工作稳定,教育环境优良。所以备选项中负担沉重、工作困苦、年轻沮丧等说法都不正确,因此本题要选择C,中产阶级感到幸福而且满怀希望。
43.D 题意:中产阶级所持有的一个重要的价值观是……
根据第二段第二句One strong value is the need to earn enough money to feel that one can determine one’s own economic fate可知中产阶级一个重要的价值观是要赚够钱,能达到自己的经济需求。所以本题选D。
44.D 题意:第二段中“collectively”一词的意思是……
文中第二段第一句The middle class collectively holds several values and principles含有此词,本句意思是中产阶级共同持有一些价值观和原则。collectively是共同地、集体地意思。与commonly是同义词。全文将中产阶级作为一个整体来描述,当谈及中产阶级的价值观时,很明显是全体共有的,因此即使不知此词具体含义,也可以猜测出其大意,故本题选D。
45.C 题意:1994年的调查显示很多美国人认为中产阶级……
文章最后一段讲述20世纪90年代中产阶级的景况。根据本段第二句…75 percent of Americans believed that middle class families could no longer make ends meet,可知75%的美国人觉得中产阶级入不敷出。make ends meet意为“收支相抵,量入为出”。本段倒数第二句Members of the middle class were no longer financing their lifestyles through earnings but were using credit to stay afloat也表明中产阶级已不能有力地维持其以往的生活方式,而要靠贷款来维持。所以本题中C项的说法是正确的。

第5部分:补全短文
46.C 句意:但你不是在农村地区。
从后面一句的downtown可以看出,前面应该有和城市相对应的词。C项的rural是农村的意思。把C项填入后语义明确,说明奈良的城市森林覆盖率高,虽然会给你身在乡村的错觉,但这就是人家的城市风貌。
47.D 句意:树木吸收空气中的污染物。
前一句讲到城市森林对环境很有益,后一句also明显表明空缺的一句和also所在句子讲述的都是具体的对环境有益的方面。所以选D。
48.B 句意:在炎热的国家,城市森林为人们散步和做其他有益于健康的活动提供阴凉。
在表达方式上,B项承接了前一句In a crowded area,they give people a place to relax and spend time in nature,这两个是并列句。
49.E 句意:在2033年,将有5百万棵树。
前面几句有几个关键词:now 1. 3 million trees, has grown very fast。作为本段的最后一句,一般要根据前文展望一下未来趋势。综合各个选项,E项比较合适。
50.A 句意:人们在有树的购物中心待的时间更长。
从前一句Trees are even good for business可以看到,此句要具体说树木会如何促进商业活动。A项正合其意。

第6部分:完形填空
51.A 固定搭配the risk of,表示“…….的风险”,所以of为正确答案。其他三项均不合适,故选A。
52.D 根据句意和动词后的介词to,排除选项A和C,而arrange表示“安排,整理”,意思与作者要表达的“说服人们改变他们的生活习惯”不符,所以D项persuade为正确答案。
53.B 联系上下文,可知这里提出的是一个解决问题的方法,approach表示“方法,途径”,指从事某事的特别方法、途径,符合句意,为正确答案。A项manner表示“方式”时,多指行动的特殊方式或独特的方法;B项custom表示“风俗,习惯”;C项style表示“风格,样式”;均不符合句意,故选B。
54.B 根据句意,这里是说要“增加停车收费”,increase表示“增加”,符合句意,为正确答案。 A项enlarge表示“扩大,增大”;C项grow做及物动词时表示“使生长,种植,扩展”;D项develop表示“发展,开发,生长”;均不符合句意,故选B。
55.C 根据句意,这里是说要对那些违章的人加强罚款,bring in表示“引进,增加”,为正确答案。A项carry down表示“搬下,结账,把……传下来”,B项put off表示“推迟,脱掉”,D项take away表示“带走,取走”,均不符合句意,故选C。
56.B 根据句意,将对违规的人加大惩罚力度,break the law表示“违法”,符合句意。A项cross表示“交叉,横过”;B项refuse表示“拒绝”;D项crack表示“破裂”;均不符合题意,故选B。
57.B 固定搭配be known as…,表示“以……为(人们)所熟知”。故选B。
58.D 根据句意,“道路收费”系统已经被引入一些城市来使用,a number of表示“一些”,符合句意,为正确答案。A项a quantity of表示“大量”,可修饰可数和不可数名词,但侧重大批量计算,含精确测量的意味;B项a total of表示“总计”,a sum of表示“合计,总数”,均不符合句意,故选D。
59.A be fixed to…表示“被固定在……上”。文中是说“固定在汽车的挡风玻璃上”,所以选A,而其他三项都不符合句意。
60.D 根据句意,要求表达另一种处理这个问题的方法,deal with problem表示“处理问题”,为正确答案,A项do with表示“处理,对待”时,多用于具体的事物,且一般与what连用,如What should 1 do with this old computer?(这台旧电脑我怎么处理呢?);B项handle和C项solve都为及物动词,表示处理解决问题时,直接加宾语problem,故选D。.
61.D 联系上下文,本句后半段提到“市中心”再根据句意,可得出前面是说“郊区”,只有outskirts是正确答案,故选D。
62.A 根据上下文,只有service符合。利用特殊的公交服务,而不是公交站台(B项)、公交路线(C项)和公交票价(D项)。所以选A。
63.D the most important thing为惯用语,表示“最重要的事是……”,根据句意,作者要表达的是“最重要的事情还是提供良好的公共交通”,因此thing为正确答案,其他三项均不合适,故选D。
64.B A项pass on表示“传递,继续”;B项throw away表示“扔掉,丢弃”;C项give up表示“放弃”;D项leave out表示“遗漏,省去”。根据句意,舍弃汽车的舒适,give up最为恰当,所以选C。
65.C 固定搭配keep at an acceptable level表示“保持在一个可接受的水平”。其它三项均不正确,故选C。

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重点单词
  • persuadevt. 说服,劝说
  • routinen. 例行公事,常规,无聊 adj. 常规的,例行的,乏
  • innovationn. 创新,革新
  • encouragevt. 鼓励,促进,支持
  • quantityn. 量,数量,大量
  • environmentn. 环境,外界
  • expandv. 增加,详述,扩展,使 ... 膨胀, vi. (谈
  • mobilityn. 可动性,变动性,情感不定
  • cattlen. 牛,家畜,畜牲
  • bordern. 边界,边境,边缘 vt. 与 ... 接壤,加边于