改错原文

Arabic language is one of the world's most widely used languages. it is the officer language of many arab nations in the middle east and northern africa.(1)____ there are two types of arabic, spoken and written spoken arabic comprises of dialects ill different areas of the arabic-speaking world.(2)____these dialects can be rough divided into gulf, iraqi, levantine, maghrebi, north egyptian, saudi, south egyptian and sudanase and tunisian.(3)____ these dialect areas can be subdivided farther.(4)____ written arabic serves as the standard written language of all arab nations. it is the descendant of the language of the quran, the scared book of the islamic religion.(5)____ arabs use a spoken form of written arabic for radio and tv news broadcasts, and in plays and motion pictures. this form also serves as a common spoken language for arabs who speaks different dialects. arabic belongs to the semitic language groups, and is thus related to hebrew and ethiopic.(6)____ the arabic alphabet has 28 symbols. the alphabet is written from right to left or from the top of the page to the bottom. the alphabet appears in the aiphabet article.

No one knows when arabic originally developed, and people of the arabian peninsula were the first use it. during the ad.(7)____(8)____ 600s, islam spread throughout south western asia and northern africa, and the arabic language was introduced in these areas. since the mid-1900s, many arab countries have played increasingly important role in world affairs.(9)____ in a result, arabic has become a major language in international business and politics.(10)____

答案解析

本文主要介绍了世界上使用范围最广的语言之一——阿拉伯语。文章开头就指出阿拉伯语为中东和北非许多国家的官方语言。接着介绍阿拉伯语的两大类型：阿拉伯口语和阿拉伯书面语。其后又介绍了有关阿拉伯口语和书面语的细化分类、用途、所属语族以及阿拉伯语字母。第二段主要概述了阿拉伯语的发展历史以及对当今世界经济与政治的影响。

答案详解
1．officer→official词汇错误。officer意为“长官，官员”，用于此处，句意不通。“官方语言”应用official language来表示，故将officer改为official。
2．of→of或comprises→consists词汇错误。comprise为及物动词，表示“由……组成”，后面不需要跟介词of，故将of删除。此外，consists of也表示“由……组成”，因此本题也可将comprises改为consists。
3．rough→roughly词汇错误。形容词rough不能修饰动词divided，故此处需将形容词rough改为副词形式roughly，表示“粗略地，大致地”。
4．farther→further词汇错误。farther意为“更远的”，通常用以表示具体地理空间的距离，用于此处，明显不妥。只有further可用以表示抽象意义的“更加”或“进一步”的意思，故此处需要用further。
5．scared→sacred词汇错误。逗号后面的the...book是作quran（古兰经）的同位语，对其进行补充说明。过去分词scared作形容词表示“害怕的”，而形容词sacred意为“神圣的”，古兰经是伊斯兰宗教中的圣书，故用sacred符合语义。
6．speaks→speak语法错误。分析句子结构，who引导的定语从句修饰arabs，根据主谓一致的原则，此处动词应该配合复数名词arabs而改为复数形式speak。
7．and→but语篇错误。根据句意“没人知道阿拉伯语最初发展于何时”以及“阿拉伯半岛的人最先使用它”，可看出两个分句之间并非是并列关系，而是转折关系，故将and改为but。
8. first∧→to语法错误。在people...use it中谓语动词为were，故use不能用动词原形，只能用动词的非谓语形式。此处在use前加to．用不定式作后置定语修饰the first，表示“最先使用阿拉伯语的人”，符合上下文语义。
9．played∧→an词汇错误。play a role in...是固定搭配，意为“在……方面起作用”。此处的played后面缺少不定冠词，且由于increasingly是以元音开头的词，故需要在played后加上不定冠词an。
10．in→as词汇错误。as a result为固定搭配，意为“作为结果，因此”，故将in改为as。此处意为“因此，阿拉伯语已经成为目前国际经济和政治中使用的一门主要语言。”