The last characteristic which I think is the most fundamental one is to accept much of the responsibility for learning.
最后一个特点，也是我认为的最基本的特点，就是接受大部分的学习责任。
Active learners understand that the responsibility for learning must come from within,
主动学习者明白学习的责任必须来自于内心，
while passive learners often want to blame others for their lack of motivation, poor performance, time-management problems, and other difficulties that they might experience.
而被动学习者往往要将缺乏动力、表现欠佳、时间管理等问题以及其他可能遇到的其他困难归咎于别人。
When active learners don't perform as well as they'd hoped, they evaluate why they didn't do well and change those studying behaviors the next time.
当主动学习者表现不如意时，他们就会评估自己表现不好的原因，并且改变那些不好的学习行为。
Passive learners, on the other hand, often approach every course in the same manner and then get angry with professors when their performance is poor.
而被动学习者以同样的方式学习一门课，自己表现不好的时候，他们会生教授的气。
It is only when students accept the responsibility for their own learning that they can truly be called "active learners".
只有接受了自己的学习责任，学生才能真正被称为“主动学习者”。
So, from what I've said so far, you can see that being an active learner involves both skill and will.
所以，我说了这么多，你可以看到，做一个主动学习者需要技能和意志。
By skill, I mean the tools to handle the studying and learning demands placed on you, like how to read with purpose, when and where to get assistance if you are having difficulty;
技巧指的是完成研究和学习任务的方法，比如如何阅读，遇到困难何时求助，向谁求助；
by will, I mean the desire and motivation to follow through.
意志，是指学习的愿望和去实现这个愿望的动力。
Here I'd like to emphasize that skill is nothing without will.
在这里，我想强调的是，没有意志，技巧是毫无意义的。
For example, you may have a friend who is knowledgeable, but not motivated in the classroom.
例如，你可能有一个知识渊博的朋友，但在课堂上却没有学习的动力。
Even though he reads widely and can intelligently discuss a variety of issues, he does little school work and rarely studies.
尽管他见多识广，但他不怎么做作业，也很少做研究。
In other words, students such as these may have the skills to do well, but for some reason, they simply do not have the will.
换句话说，像这样的学生可能有能力做得很好，但出于某种原因，他们根本没有意志力。
And because skill and will go hand in hand, unmotivated students — those who do not have the will, may experience difficulty in college.
而由于技能和意志缺一不可，没有动力的学生，也就是那些没有意志的学生，在大学里可能会遇到困难。
Ok. Today we've discussed the differences between an active learner and a passive one, and some useful study strategies that may eventually help you become an active learner.
好的。今天我们讨论了主动学习者和被动学习者之间的区别，以及一些有用的学习策略，希望这些策略最终会帮助你成为一个积极的学习者。