Chapter 1

Land and People

英国的国土与人民

I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts

英国的不同名称及其各组成部分

1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England.

地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰YJDk@R8~8S|r,ZN4#T=。

2.Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国T|088|doPaT!oXCG+jQa。

3.The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones.

不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成=,[KO|RA;B1g&AhpRQK。

4.Three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales.

大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士fuLOf)Qo&1J=OYSoMv^,。

(1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section.

英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区)8Sjcpn6]GfLNhd#zN。

(2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh

苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部3VWS3sI&+yg。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵j;9Aq4jVzLzVNS3f2-。首府：爱丁堡-G#R7j|lb;c%,。

(3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff

威尔士位于大不列颠的西部G=dwAj2LuK5~。首府：加的夫

(4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast.

北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域YX2fREh]&4_@FA。首府：贝尔法斯特e9F9tt!_h1E5;。

5.The Commonwealth (of nations) is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991.

英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体aSeEML3m[c。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国bgw4(lRP_6a。