(单词翻译:单击)
In an ideal world, we'd all eat a perfectly balanced diet every day, getting 100% of the vitamins and minerals we need from fresh, tasty, and home-cooked foods. In real life, however, that rarely happens. That's where supplements come in-theoretically, at least.
在理想世界中，我们每天都会吃营养均衡的食物，从新鲜、美味的家常菜中获取百分百的每日所需维生素和矿物质。然而，在现实生活中，这种情况鲜有发生。所以才会出现维生素补充剂--至少从理论上来说，确实如此。
For decades, we were taught that vitamins and minerals in pill form could help make up for deficiencies in the typical American diet, or provide health and energy boosts that food alone couldn't. In recent years, however, many scientists have changed their tunes, as study after study shows no evidence that most popular supplements have any real health benefits.
几十年来，我们所了解到的情况是，维生素片和矿物质片可以补充美国人典型饮食中的维生素和矿物质缺乏，或提供单靠食物无法获得的健康物质和能量。然而，近年来，很多科学家的看法都有所转变，因为一项又一项的研究表明：大多数流行的补充剂并没有实质的健康益处。
That hasn't stopped the industry from booming, however. Americans spend more than $30 billion a year on supplements, and more than half of adults have taken a supplement in the past 30 days, according to a 2016 study in JAMA. Many of them regularly take more than one, and some go to extremes: Celebrity chef Giada De Laurentiis recently told The Cut that she takes "20 pills a day" on the advice of her acupuncturist-"10 in the morning and 10 in the evening."
但这并没有阻止该行业的蓬勃发展。2016年JAMA期刊发表的一项研究表明：美国人每年会花费300亿美元购买补充剂，一半以上的成年人在过去30天内服用了补充剂。很多人经常服用不止一种补充剂，甚至会出现极端情况：名厨Giada De Laurentiis最近接受The Cut采访时说道，她听从针灸师的建议，"每天吃20颗补充剂"--"早上10颗，晚上10颗。"
But will all those supplements actually do you any good? And more importantly, is it possible to take too many vitamins? We posed those questions to health and nutrition experts, and dug into the latest research. Here's what we learned.
但这些补充剂真的会给您带来好处吗？更为重要的是，会不会出现维生素摄入过多的情况？我们咨询了健康和营养专家，并深入查看近期研究，总结出以下知识点。
The latest science on supplements
关于补充剂的最新研究
Scientists know that people who eat lots of vitamin- and mineral-rich foods tend to live longer and healthier lives. But when those nutrients are served up in pill form, it's still unclear whether they have the same effect. For example, a major 2015 study found that taking dietary supplements does not appear to reduce the risk of cancer.
科学家知道，吃维生素和矿物质丰富饮食的人往往活得更久、更健康。但服用维生素片和矿物质片，尚不清楚是否能带来相同的效果。比如，2015年的一项重大研究发现：服用膳食补充剂似乎并不会降低患癌风险。
Several studies, including one published last month in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, have also found that regular supplement use has no net effect on heart health or risk of early death.
一些研究，包括上个月发表在美国心脏病学会杂志上的一项研究，也已发现：定期服用补充剂对心脏健康或早期死亡风险并没有实际影响。
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