第一部分

2009年外交部长杨洁篪在日内瓦裁军谈判会议上的讲话

2009年8月12日

Address by H.E. Yang Jiechi Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China At the Conference on Disarmament

Geneva, 12 August 2009

主席女士，秘书长先生，
各位代表，女士们，先生们：

Madam President,
Mr. Secretary-General,
Dear Representatives,
Ladies and Gentlemen,

我很高兴到裁军谈判会议讲话。裁谈会作为唯一的多边裁军谈判机构，曾经达成许多重要的军控法律文书，为增进国际和平与安全做出了积极贡献。前不久，在各方共同努力下，裁谈会达成工作计划，即将就各项主要议题开展实质性工作。我对此表示祝贺。我相信，凭借诸位的辛勤工作和聪明才智，裁谈会将不辜负各方期待，有力推进各项工作，取得新的成果。

It gives me great pleasure to address the Conference on Disarmament. As the single multilateral disarmament negotiating forum, the Conference has produced many important legal instruments on arms control and contributed its share to world peace and security. Thanks to the concerted efforts of all parties, the Conference recently adopted its Program of Work and will soon proceed to substantive work on the core issues. I wish to offer my congratulations on the progress. I believe that with your diligence and wisdom, the Conference will press ahead with its work on various fronts and deliver new results, living up to the expectations of all parties.

主席女士，

Madam President,

当前，国际安全形势正在发生冷战结束以来最为深刻的变化。世界各国的命运从未像今天这样紧密相连，休戚与共。和平与发展仍然是时代主题，多边主义和以合作求安全的理念深入人心，各国间的安全对话与合作进一步深化。这为推动国际军控、裁军和防扩散进程提供了重要机遇。

The international security situation is undergoing the most profound changes since the end of the Cold War. Countries are more interdependent with their destinies closely linked than at any time in history. Peace and development remain the main theme of our time. Multilateralism and the vision of pursuing security through cooperation represent the shared aspirations of the people. Security dialogue and cooperation among countries have further deepened. All this has offered important opportunities for progress in the field of international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation process.

同时，国际社会面临的安全挑战也在增多。恐怖主义十分猖獗，地区热点问题延宕难决，防扩散形势依然严峻，国际金融危机和经济衰退带来的社会冲击使不确定因素增多。维护国际战略稳定、促进世界和平与安全依然任重道远。

On the other hand, however, the international community is confronted by an increasing number of security challenges. Terrorism is rampant, regional hotspot issues remain hard to resolve, the non-proliferation situation is still grim, and there are growing uncertainties as a result of the negative social impact of the international financial crisis and economic recession. To maintain international strategic stability and promote world peace and security remains a long-term and arduous task.

第二部分

主席女士，

Madam President,

中国在国际事务中一贯致力于和平、发展、合作。正如中国国家主席胡锦涛指出的那样，中国始终不渝走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略；我们主张，各国人民携手努力，推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。中国政府将军控、裁军和防扩散作为外交工作的重要组成部分，为推进国际军控、裁军和防扩散进程做出了应有的贡献。

China is committed to peace, development and cooperation in international affairs. As pointed out by President Hu Jintao, China unswervingly follows the path of peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening up, and maintains that the people of all countries should join hands to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity. The Chinese Government attaches great importance to arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation and has made due contribution to the international process in these areas.

主席女士，

Madam President,

裁谈会是多边军控和裁军工作的缩影，有过辉煌的成绩，也曾长期陷于停滞。在今天裁谈会历史即将翻开新的一页的时候，我们有必要认真总结过去的经验教训，思考如何确保多边军控与裁军全面健康发展。为此，我们认为：

The Conference on Disarmament encapsulates the multilateral efforts on arms control and disarmament. It has made many proud achievements but also experienced a long period of stagnation. Today, at a time when the Conference is to open a new page in its history, we should seriously review past experience and lessons and explore ways to ensure all-round and sound progress of multilateral arms control and disarmament. In this connection, China believes that:

首先，应秉持互信、互利、平等、协作的新安全观，致力于营造和谐、稳定的国际和地区安全环境。

First, we should embrace a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination, and work for a harmonious and stable international and regional security environment.

其次，应坚持多边主义，充分发挥联合国等多边机制作用，不断巩固和加强现有多边军控、裁军和防扩散体系。

Second, we should uphold multilateralism, bringing into full play the role of the United Nations and other multilateral mechanisms, and consolidate and reinforce the existing multilateral arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation regimes.

第三部分

第三，应维护国际战略平衡与稳定，在相互尊重和平等对待各方合理安全利益的基础上，实现各国普遍安全。

Third, we should maintain international strategic balance and stability, and achieve security for all based on mutual respect and equal treatment of the legitimate security interests of all parties.

第四，应加强对话与合作，坚持以和平方式解决国际争端。

Fourth, we should intensify dialogue and cooperation, and commit to peaceful settlement of international disputes.

主席女士，

Madam President,

自核武器出现以来，人类一直生活在核战争威胁的巨大阴影之下。全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界，是一切热爱和平人们的共同夙愿，也是中国一贯倡导并不懈追求的目标。

Ever since nuclear weapons came into being, mankind has been living under the enormous shadow of the threat of a nuclear war. To achieve the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for a world free of nuclear weapons is the common aspiration of all peace-loving people. It is also a goal that China has all along been advocating and pursuing with unremitting efforts.

早在上世纪60年代初，中国政府就郑重发表声明，倡议召开世界各国首脑会议，讨论全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器问题。作为核武器国家，中国从不回避自己在核裁军方面的责任。

Back in the early 1960s, the Chinese Government issued a solemn statement, calling for the convening of a summit of world leaders to discuss the issue of complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. As a nuclear-weapon state, China has never evaded its responsibilities in nuclear disarmament.

中国发展有限的核力量，完全是为了自卫。中国始终恪守在任何时候和任何情况下都不首先使用核武器，无条件不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器的承诺，是唯一做出上述承诺的核武器国家。中国这一政策今后也不会改变。

It is solely for the purpose of self-defense that China has developed limited nuclear capabilities. And we have faithfully abided by our commitment that we will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances and that we will unconditionally not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones. In fact, we are the only nuclear-weapon state that has undertaken such a commitment and this policy will not change in the future.

中国在核武器发展方面，始终采取极为克制的态度。中国从未在别国部署核武器，从来没有、今后也不会参加任何形式的核军备竞赛。这本身就是我们为核裁军事业做出的独特贡献。

China has always exercised utmost restraint in the development of nuclear weapons. We have never deployed such weapons on foreign soil. We have never participated in any form of nuclear arms race and nor will we ever do so. This, in itself, is our unique contribution to the cause of nuclear disarmament.

第四部分

中国是首批签署《全面禁止核试验条约》的国家之一。中国政府致力于推动早日批准条约，将继续为此做出积极努力。我们愿同国际社会一道，共同推动条约尽早生效。

China was among the first countries to sign the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). The Chinese Government is dedicated to promoting early ratification of the Treaty and will continue to make active efforts toward this end. We are ready to work with the international community for the early entry into force of the Treaty.

中国支持裁谈会尽早启动关于“禁止生产核武器用裂变材料条约”的谈判，将积极参与谈判工作。

China supports the Conference in launching negotiations on the Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty (FMCT) at an early date and will take an active part in the negotiations.

中国反对大规模杀伤性武器及其运载工具的扩散。中国已加入所有有关国际条约与机制，并建立起一整套与国际接轨的法律法规体系，严格执行安理会第1540号决议及其他防扩散决议，不断加大出口管制力度，致力于开展多、双边防扩散交流与合作。

China opposes the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and their means of delivery. We have joined all related international treaties and mechanisms, put in place a comprehensive system of laws and regulations compatible with the relevant international legal regime, and strictly enforced UN Security Council Resolution 1540 and other non-proliferation resolutions. We have intensified efforts in export control and conducted multilateral and bilateral exchanges and cooperation on non-proliferation.

中国始终主张通过对话与谈判和平解决朝鲜半岛核问题和伊朗核问题，并为此做出了不懈努力。我们愿与有关各方一道，继续积极推进朝鲜半岛无核化目标和伊朗核问题的妥善解决，维护国际核不扩散体系，维护地区和平与稳定。

China calls for peacefully resolving the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula and Iranian nuclear issue through dialogue and negotiation, and has made unremitting efforts towards this goal. We are ready to work with other relevant parties to actively promote the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and proper settlement of the Iranian nuclear issue, with a view to safeguarding international non-proliferation regime and maintaining regional peace and stability.

主席女士，

Madam President,

当前，国际核裁军努力正面临前所未有的机遇。全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界的目标日益得到广泛认同，各种核裁军倡议不断提出。我们对此表示欢迎。

Unprecedented opportunities now exist in international nuclear disarmament. The complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons and a nuclear-weapon-free world have become widely embraced goals, and various initiatives on nuclear disarmament have been proposed. We welcome these developments.

我们认为，要全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界，必须切实推进核裁军进程。

We believe that in order to achieve the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for a nuclear-weapon-free world, the process of nuclear disarmament must be advanced in real earnest.

第五部分

-美俄作为拥有最庞大核武库的国家，对核裁军负有特殊和优先的责任。两国应继续大幅削减核武库，为最终全面、彻底核裁军创造必要条件。我们欢迎两国正在进行的核裁军谈判，希望双方如期达成实质性协议。

— As countries with the largest nuclear arsenals in the world, the United States and Russia bear special and primary responsibilities in nuclear disarmament. The two countries should continue to drastically reduce their nuclear arsenals so as to create necessary conditions for the eventual complete and thorough nuclear disarmament. We welcome the ongoing nuclear disarmament negotiations between the two countries and hope they will reach a substantive agreement as scheduled.

-核武器国家应降低核武器在国家安全中的作用，并尽早承诺不首先使用核武器。中国早在1994年就正式提出“互不首先使用核武器条约”草案，我们希望有关各方能在新形势下认真考虑这一提议。

— Nuclear-weapon-states should reduce the role of nuclear weapons in their national security and commit themselves to no-first-use of nuclear weapons as early as possible. As early as in 1994, China officially put forward the draft of Treaty on the No-First-Use of Nuclear Weapons and we hope that under the new circumstances the parties concerned will take this proposal into serious consideration.

-无核武器国家放弃发展核武器的选择，理应获得免受核武器威胁的权利。国际社会应尽早就无核武器国家安全保证问题谈判缔结国际法律文书。

— Having given up their option to develop nuclear weapons, non-nuclear-weapon states are entitled to freedom from the threat of nuclear weapons. The international community should negotiate and conclude an international legal instrument on security assurances for non-nuclear-weapon states at an early date.

-建立无核武器区，对推动核裁军和防止核武器扩散具有积极意义。核武器国家应支持有关地区国家建立无核武器区或无大规模杀伤性武器区的努力，并承担相应义务。

— The establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones is of positive significance to advancing nuclear disarmament and preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons. Nuclear-weapon states should support countries in the relevant regions in establishing nuclear-weapon-free zones or WMD-free zones and fulfill due obligations.

-国际社会应共同推动《全面禁止核试验条约》早日生效。裁谈会应平衡推进各项实质性工作，尽快谈判缔结“禁止生产核武器用裂变材料条约”。

— The international community should work together for the early entry into force of the CTBT. The Conference on Disarmament should advance its substantive work in a balanced manner, and negotiate and conclude the FMCT as soon as possible.

-应放弃谋求绝对战略优势的做法，不发展破坏全球战略稳定的导弹防御系统，不在外空部署武器。

— The practice of seeking absolute strategic advantage should be abandoned. Countries should neither develop missile defense systems that undermine global strategic stability nor deploy weapons in outer space.

第六部分

-作为长期目标，国际社会还应谈判缔结《全面禁止核武器公约》，在有效国际监督下，最终实现全面、彻底核裁军。

— As a long-term goal, the international community should also conclude a convention on the complete prohibition of nuclear weapons so as to achieve the eventual complete and thorough nuclear disarmament under effective international supervision.

我们认为，要全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界，必须消除核武器扩散风险。

We believe that to achieve complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for a nuclear-weapon-free world, the risk of nuclear weapon proliferation must be eliminated.

-应进一步加强《不扩散核武器条约》的普遍性、权威性和有效性，确保条约得到切实遵守。

— It is important to enhance the universality, authority and effectiveness of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and ensure strict compliance with the Treaty.

-应继续加强国际原子能机构的保障监督职能，促进全面保障监督协定及其附加议定书得到有效执行和普遍遵守。

— It is important to further strengthen the function of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in safeguards and promote effective implementation of and universal adherence to the Safeguards Agreement and its Additional Protocol.

-应坚持通过政治外交手段解决防扩散问题，努力消除核武器扩散的根源。

— It is important to resolve proliferation issues through political and diplomatic means and eradicate the root causes of nuclear weapon proliferation.

-应加强核设施和核材料的安全保护，打击核恐怖主义，完善各国核出口控制体系，并开展相关国际合作。

— It is important to strengthen the safety and security of nuclear facilities and materials, combat nuclear terrorism, improve the nuclear export control regimes and carry out related international cooperation.

-应摒弃一切双重标准的做法。

— And it is important to reject any practice of double standards.

我们认为，要全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界，必须大力促进核能的和平利用及其国际合作。

We believe that to achieve the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for a nuclear-weapon-free world, peaceful use of nuclear energy and its international cooperation must be promoted.

第七部分

-《不扩散核武器条约》缔约国和平利用核能的权利应得到切实尊重和维护，不能以防扩散为由剥夺上述权利。

— The right of NPT signatories to peaceful use of nuclear energy must be truly respected and upheld, and this right should not be compromised under the excuse of non-proliferation.

-国际原子能机构应在促进和平利用核能方面发挥更大作用。

— The IAEA should play a bigger role in promoting peaceful use of nuclear energy.

-坚持多边协商，积极探讨既能减少扩散风险，又能促进和平利用核能的妥善办法，包括建立多边核燃料供应机制的可能性。

— Countries should engage in multilateral consultations and actively discuss proper ways that can both reduce proliferation risks and promote peaceful use of nuclear energy, including the possibility of establishing a multilateral nuclear fuel supply mechanism.

明年5月举行的《不扩散核武器条约》审议大会意义重大。各方应抓住这一契机，全面、平衡推进条约确立的核不扩散、核裁军与和平利用核能三大目标，推动审议大会取得实质性成果。

The NPT Review Conference scheduled for next May is highly significant. All State Parties should seize this opportunity to advance the three major objectives of nuclear non-proliferation, nuclear disarmament and peaceful use of nuclear energy in a comprehensive and balanced manner, so that the Review Conference could produce substantive outcomes.

主席女士，

Madam President,

外空是人类的共有财产，维护外空安全，确保和平利用外空，符合各国的共同利益。当前，外空领域正日益面临武器化的危险。采取切实有效的多边措施，防止外空武器化和军备竞赛，具有重大的战略意义，也是国际社会的共同使命和责任。裁谈会应在这方面发挥重要作用。

Outer space is the common asset of the entire mankind and to maintain security in outer space and ensure its peaceful use serves the common interests of all countries. Outer space is now facing the looming danger of weaponization. Credible and effective multilateral measures must be taken to forestall the weaponization and arms race in outer space. This is of high strategic significance and is also the common mission and responsibility of the international community. The Conference should play a key role in this regard.

去年2月，中国与俄罗斯共同向裁谈会提交了“防止在外空放置武器、对外空物体使用或威胁使用武力条约”草案。我们希望裁谈会能尽快就该草案展开实质性讨论，以便为完善外空法律体系，维护外空安全作出贡献。

In February last year, China and Russia jointly presented to the Conference the draft Treaty on the Prevention of the Placement of Weapons in Outer Space, the Threat or Use of Force Against Outer Space Objects. We hope that the Conference on Disarmament will soon start substantive discussions on the draft so as to contribute to improving the legal system concerning outer space and maintaining its security.

主席女士，

Madam President,

中国古代思想家荀子有句名言：“不积跬步，无以至千里；不积小流，无以成江海。”要推动国际军控、裁军和防扩散进程，我们也必须从点滴做起，不因困难挫折而动摇信念。

我相信，在全世界爱好和平人民的共同努力下，国际军控、裁军和防扩散事业定能不断取得进展，为建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界作出应有的贡献。

An ancient Chinese philosopher Xun Zi said, “Unless you pile up little steps, you can never journey a thousand miles; unless you pile up tiny streams, you can never make a river or a sea.” Likewise, to move forward the process of international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation, we should also start from concrete steps and not waver in our conviction when faced with difficulties and setbacks. I am confident that with the concerted efforts of all peace-loving people in the world, we will make steady progress in the field of international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation, making due contribution to the building of a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.

谢谢各位。

Thank you!