真题训练

Tight-lipped elders used to say, "It's not what you want in this world, but what you get."
Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things.
You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living. If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential for any type of meal to be served.
Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.
This account of yourself is actually a sketch of your working life and should include education, experience and references. Such an account is valuable. It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews. While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell. Then you are ready to hunt for a job. Get all the possible information about your could-be job. Make inquiries as to the details regarding the job and the firm. Keep your eyes and ears open, and use your own judgement. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for, and keep in mind: Securing a job is your job now.

51. What do the elders mean when they say, "It's not what you want in this world, but what you get"?
[A] You'll certainly get what you want.
[B] It's no use dreaming.
[C] You should be dissatisfied with what you have.
[D] It's essential to set a goal for yourself.

52. A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in this passage as ________.
[A] an illustration of how to write an application for a job
[B] an indication how to secure a good job
[C] a guideline for job description
[D] a principle for job evaluation

53. According to the passage, one must write an account of himself before starting to find a job because ________.
[A] that is the first step to please the employer
[B] that is the requirement of the employer
[C] it enables him to know when to sell his services
[D] it forces him to become clearly aware of himself

54. When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something ________.
[A] definite to offer
[B] imaginary to provide
[C] practical to supply
[D] desirable to present
难句解析

难句解析：
①Tight-lipped elders used to say, "It's not what you want in this world, but what you get."
▲此句的主要结构是elders used to say+直接引语。直接引语中是主系表的结构，其中表语中用了not... but的结构。
△not... but（不是……而是）结构是理解这个句子的重点。在not... but结构中，说话者所要强调的重点在but之后。注意在理解tight-lipped这一短语时要有一定的联想能力，从字面上理解，它的意思应该是“嘴唇紧绷的”，而此处结合上下文应该理解为“出言谨慎的”。
②You can make a mental blueprint of a desire as you would make a blueprint of a house, and each of us is continually making these blueprints in the general routine of everyday living.
▲这句话是and连接的两个并列句。在第一个分句中，as是连词，引导比较状语从句，把a mental blueprint of a desire和a blueprint of a house相比较。第二个分句的主体结构是each of us is... making blueprints...。第二个分句中的is continually making的用法：一般进行时在这里用来表示经常发生的事情。这样的结构常用来表达经常发生的令人不快、令人讨厌的事情。副词always，forever，constantly和continually都经常用于这样的结构中。在此处，它表示一个经常重复的动作。
③While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your "wares" and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
▲这句话是由and连接的两个并列句组成的。第一个分句的主干结构是：employer is deciding whether...；第二句的主干结构是：your "wares" and abilities must be displayed...。第一个分句中while引导了一个伴随动作talking，其实是一个简略了的时间状语从句：while (he is) talking to you；decide后面接了一个whether引导的宾语从句：whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you。
△首先要分清两个分句的关系和各自的起始位置。另外要注意副词orderly和reasonably都是修饰形容词connected的。另外因为文章作者认为找工作是在推销自己，所以这里用了“wares”来表示应聘者的资格、能力。could be表示“有可能的，潜在的”。
④When you have carefully prepared a blueprint of your abilities and desires, you have something tangible to sell.
▲when引导时间状语从句，主句是you have something tangible to sell。
△首先要注意形容词修饰不定代词something，nothing，anything，somebody，anywhere等的时候，形容词需后置，例如：Anything important?另外，have+名词+动词不定式，这一结构中的动词不定式相当于定语从句，这里是修饰something的。
试题解析

试题解析：
51. [B] 这句话应理解为：It's not what you want in this world that matters, but what you get (that matters).译成汉语为：重要的不是你在这个世界上需要什么，（重要的）而是你得到什么。
文章第二段进一步说明了这句话后半句的含义（同时，这也是全文旨在说明的问题）：只要你知道自己所需要的是什么，并且只要要求合理，你就能得到它。可见，只是梦想是不够的。只有明确自己的所需，你才能制定具体的计划去获得它，理想才能最终转化为现实。
A意为：你肯定能得到自己想要的东西。
C意为：你不应满足于自己已有的东西。
D意为：为自己确立一个目标是极为必要的。确立目标固然重要，但是，如果不制定具体计划实现目标，目标也仅是空想而已。
52. [A] 意为：用以说明怎样写工作申请。
illustration意为：实例，说明。为了更充分地说明第四段所阐明的道理，文章在第三段举了几方面例子。正像盖房子要设计图纸一样，你也可以在头脑中为自己的愿望绘制一幅蓝图(blueprint)。实际上，在日常生活中，我们不断为自己的行动策划。例如：如果想请朋友吃饭，我们首先要开列一个菜单，决定买什么东西，还要决定先炒什么莱，等等。这种计划对请客成功与否至关重要。第四段指出，如果你想找份工作，应该取一张纸，简要地描述一下自己。因为，只有当你明确地知道自己的特长（what you have to offer可直译为：你可以提供的东西）后，才能为自己的工作选择做出理智的决断。第四段与第二段相照应，陈述了全文的中心，从该段第一个词likewise来看，第二段中所举的例子仅用以说明第二、四段说明的道理。
B意为：说明怎样获得一份好工作。原文强调的是如何为申请工作策划，根据自己的条件得到自己所需的工作。另外，本文并没有谈到工作的“好”与坏。
C意为：工作介绍指导。
D意为：工作评估原则。
53. [D] 意为：这使之明确地认识自己。
文章最后一段第一句指出，在精心准备出一份自己的能力和愿望的“蓝图”以后（即：在仔细地描述了自己的能力和愿望之后），你就明确了自己能“出卖”的东西（tangible意为：能触摸到的，具体的），只有在这个时候，你才做好了找工作的准备。
另请参考第52题题解。
A意为：这是取悦于雇主的第一步
B意为：这是雇主的要求。
C意为：这使之明确何时去找工作。
54. [A] definite意为：明确的，具体的；区别于：不清楚的，不定的。
参阅第53题题解。
B不对。imaginary意为：想像的，虚构的。
C不对。practical意为：（切合）实际的；区别于：不实际的，理想的。
D不对。desirable意为：令人满意的，称心的。
可见，从本文的上下文来看，[A]最为确切。
全文翻译

全文翻译：
沉默寡言的老人们曾经说：“重要的不是在这个世界上你想要什么，而是你得到了什么。”
心理学教导人们，如果你知道你想要什么，并且想要的又是合适的东西，你就能得到它。
你可以在头脑里勾画出一幅欲望的蓝图，就像你可以设计房屋的蓝图一样。而我们每个人在日常生活中都在不停地画着这样的欲望蓝图。比方我们想请朋友吃晚餐，我们就会筹划菜谱、写购物单、决定先煮什么菜等，这样的筹划对于举行任何形式的宴请都是必不可少的。
同样，如果你想找一份工作，那就拿一张纸，写一份简历吧。为找工作做筹划，从你自己开始，因为只有当你确切知道你可以提供什么服务，你才可能明智地筹划到哪儿去兜售你的服务。
你的简历实际上是对你的职业生涯的简单描述，它包括教育、经验和证明人。这个描述是很有价值的，在填写标准的申请表格时它可提供参考，在面试时更是起极大的作用。在与你谈话时，你未来的雇主将根据你的教育、你的经验和你其他的资历来确定雇用你是否值得，因此你必须把你的“商品”和能力以有序而合理连贯的方式陈列出来。
当你为自己的能力和欲望仔细地筹划了一幅蓝图后，你就有实在的东西可以兜售了。那时你就准备去找工作，先搜集有关你想找的工作的所有信息，对工作和公司的详情进行调查，留心看与听，使用你的判断能力。每天花一定的时间寻找你想要的工作，请记住：找工作就是你现在的工作。