1.solvency n．溶解力；偿付能力（capability of meeting financial obligations）
词根记忆：solv(溶解，解决)+ency--溶解力
例：solvency of petroleum spirit汽油溶解能力//financial solvency财务清偿能力
2.songbird n.鸣禽，鸣鸟(a bird that utters a succession of musical tones)；女歌手(a female singer)
分拆记忆：song(唱)+bird(鸟，鸟类)鸣禽：女歌手
例：They observed no significant effect on songbird nesting success.
3.sophisticated a．老练的，精通的(experienced)；（仪器）复杂的(highly complicated)
词根记忆：来自sophisticate（n．老于世故的人）
例：The increase in access to literary classics will create a sophisticated reading audience.//This technique requires sophisticated computer programs.
4.sovereign n．君主(emperor)；元首(ruler with sovereign)
联想记忆：sove(看作over在…上)+reign(统治)--高高在上的统治者--君主
例：the sovereign of the seas海上的霸主
派生词 ：sovereignty [n.君主；主权（国家）]
5.span n.跨度(an extent, stretch, reach, or spread between two limits);一段时间(a period of time)
注意：wingspan(n.翼展)
例：life span寿命//time span时间间隔
6.sparse a．稀少的，贫乏的（of few and scattered elements）
联想记忆：稀少的(sparse)火星(spark)
例：The population is very sparse in that remote, mountainous area.
7.spate n.大批，大量(a large number)
例：a spate of books许多书
8.spatial a.空间的(relating to, occupying, or having the character of space)
词根记忆：来自space(n.空间)
例：Human beings can see the spatial relations among objects by processing information conveyed by light.
9.spawn n．卵(eggs);v．大量产生：引起(bring forth, generate)
联想记忆：大虾(prawn)产卵(spawn)
例The computer industry has spawned hundreds of new companies.//spawn revolt激起叛乱