1.avoid v.避开，躲避(to keep oneself away from)

例:Having learned of an upcoming environmental ban on a certain chemical, a company designs its new plant to employ processes that avoid use of that chemical.

派生词:avoidance(n．逃避;空缺)

同根词：devoid(a．缺乏的)

2.backwater n.回水 (water backed up n its course);死水( a body of water that is out of the main current of a larger body )

例:The Emerald River annually overflowed its banks, creating backwaters.

3.bacterium n.细菌(simplest and smallest forms of plant life, microscopic organisms that are often a cause of disease)

联想记忆：bac(看作back背后)+ter+ium --总是偷偷（背后）让人得病的东西--细菌

例:Scientists hypothesize that in high salt environments the antibiotic becomes ineffective at killing harmful bacteria.

派生词:bacterial(a．细菌的;由细菌引起的)

4.balcony n.阳台(veranda);包厢，楼座(loge)

发音记忆：‘包给你”一把整个包厢都“包给你”

例:This theater has 100 balcony seats.

5.ballistic a．弹道的，发射的(of things that are shot or fired through the air, eg.bullets, missles, etc.)

联想记忆：ball（子弹）+istic --发射子弹的--弹道的

例:ballistic missiles弹道导弹

6.bankruptcy n．破产，倒闭(the quality or state of being bankrupt)

词根记忆：bank(银行)+rupt(断)+cy--银行都关门了--破产

例:The automobile company was brought back from the verge of bankruptcy.

同根词：corruption(n.腐败)

7.bar v.(from)禁止，阻止(to prevent, forbid)；n.棒；酒吧(a place where drinks are served)

例:The purpose of the legislation is to bar companies from financing their own unions．//candy bar棒棒糖

8.barb n.倒钩(a sharp projection extending backward)；伤人的话(a biting or pointedly critical remark or comment);v.装倒钩于(to fumish with a barb)

例:The honeybee's stinger is heavily barbad and stays where it is inserted.

9.bark n.树皮（无复数）(tough outer covering of tree trunks and branches)

注意：bark还有一些动词意思是“狗吠；咆哮;剥树皮”

10.barraacks n.兵营 (large buildir gs for soldiers to love in)

例:Nightingale was the first to notice the poor living conditions in British military barracks in peacetime.