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it的用法:it用作人称代词的用法
日期:2011-10-12 11:50

(单词翻译:单击)

1. 用于指事物

It用作人称代词最基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物,以避免重复:

This is my watch, it's a Swiss one.
这是我的手表,它是瑞士制的。

I cannot find my watch; I must have lost it. 我找不到手表,我一定把它给丢了。

2. 用于指动物或婴儿

除用于指代事物外,还可指动物或性别不详的婴儿:

"Where is the cat?" "It's under the bed." “猫在哪儿?”“在床下。”

They got a baby and it was very lovely. 他们生了个孩子,很可爱。

3. 用于上文提到的情况

He smokes in bed and I don't like it.
他在床上抽烟,我不喜欢他这样。

Her mother kept telling her not to go out at night, but it didn't help.
她母亲老叫她晚上不要出去,但是没用。

4. 用于指人

It用于指人主要用确定未知人的身份:

"Who is it?" "It's me." “是谁啊?”“是我。”

"Listen. Someone is crying." "Oh, it must be Mary."
“听,有人在哭。”“噢,一定是玛丽。”

Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was.
一定有人来过,但我们不知道是谁。

5. 指人时与he和she的区别

当It用于指人时,主要用于确定未知的或者是身份不明的人,若是指已知的或身份明确的人,则应根据情况使用he或she。比较:

I hear a knock at the door. It must be the postman.
我听见有人在敲门,一定是邮递员来了。

Jim is at the door. He wants to see you.
吉姆在门口,他想见你。

A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager.
一个高个子站起来同她握了手,他是总经理。

The general manager just called. He told us to wait for him at the gate.
总经理刚来过电话,他叫我们在门口等他。

6. 指物时与one的区别

两者均可代替前面提到的事物,区别是:it指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一物,此时的it等于“the (this, that, my...)+名词”;而one 指的是与前面已提到的事物为同一类物,此时的one等于“a+名词”。比较:

I have a dictionary but I've lent it to Mary. 我有一本词典,但把它借给玛丽了。

I haven't a dictionary; can you lend me one? 我没有词典,你能借我一本吗?

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