俞敏洪四级词汇词根+联想记忆法(乱序版) 第44期:5-2
日期:2015-05-12 15:31

(单词翻译:单击)

Word List 5-2

1.slur v.含糊不清地念或说:诋毁,诽谤 n.诽谤,中伤

【例】We couldn't hear clearly because he kept slumng his words.
他一直含糊不清地说着,我们根本听不清楚。
The magazine slurred the movie star just to enhance its popularity.
这本杂志诋毁那个电影明星只是为了提高杂志本身的知名度。

2.reward n.报酬,报答;赏金,酬金忧给(某人)报酬或奖赏

【例】The police have offered a large reward for information leading to the robbers iurest.
警方给予了提供成功逮捕抢劫犯线索的人丰厚的奖金。( 2002)
His efforts were Nwarded by success.
他的努力获得了成功。
At the end of the season,drivers who had picked up the most hikers were Nwarded with various prizes.
在季末,搭栽路人最多的司机会被奖赏各种各样的奖品。( 2007)
【辨】award,compensation, prize, reward
这四个词都与“奖品,酬劳”有关。award既可作名词也可作动词,表示由于某优点而授予奖金;compensation多强调“赔偿,补偿”;prize与award相似,一般指比赛中获得的奖品,作名词;reward侧重报酬,指由于做了某事而获得报答或奖金。

3.dick n.(摄影机等的)咔嗒声 v.(使)发出咔嗒声;(口)进行顺利成功
【例】Then answer the questions.fill in all infonnation needed and click the button below to send it back.
然后回答问题,填写所有需要的信息,再点击下面的按钮把它发送回来。( 2001)

4.substitute n.代理人,代替者;代用品,代替物 v.代替,替换,代用

【记】词根记忆:sub(下级)+st(站)+itute一被下级占了位置--代替
【例】The new cells are combined with a sponge-like substance to make a cultured skin substUute.
新的细胞与一种类似海绵的物质结合在一起形成人工培养的皮肤替代物。
We substrluteda red ball for blue tosee if the baby would notice.
我们用红色球替换了蓝色球,看这婴儿会不会发觉?
【派】subst.itution(n.代替,代理)

5.hint n./v.暗示,示意,提示

【例】I hintedathis impndence. but he did not take my hint.
我暗示他的轻率,但他没有觉察到。
【辨】hint, clue
两者都有“线索”的意思。lunt多指暗示或提前给出线索,如:broad hint; clue则是直接告诉线索,如:give a clue。

6.memory n.记忆,记忆力;回忆,怀念;存储器

【记】词根记忆:memor(记住)+y一记忆
【例】The museum was built in memory of those who worked to help victims.
该博物馆建来是为了纪念那些帮助受害者的人们。(2005听力)
【派】memorable( adj.值得纪念的;难忘的);memorial(n.纪念碑,纪念物adj.纪念的;追悼的)

7.assault n.猛烈的攻击,突击,突袭 v.突击,袭击;殴打;强奸

【例】The criminal dabbled in rrssault.
这名罪犯涉嫌袭击。
Five women have been sexually assaulted in the area recently.
最近这一带有5名女子受到性骚扰。

8.derivo v.取得;追溯…的起源(由来),衍生;推论出,引申出

【记】词根记忆:de(离开)+riv(看作river,河流)+e--离开河流的源头--衍生
【例】In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British sumamcs derive from place names of different kinds,and so they belong to the last of our four main categories.
事实上,真正英国人的姓氏里有超过50%
都是各种地名,因此他们属于我们所说的四大类别中的最后一类。( 2002)
Many English words derive from Latin.
许多英语词汇都源自拉丁文。
【用】derive后一般接介词from,表示“由…起深;由…取得”。
【派】derivation(n.推论;起源;出身;派生,词源);derivative(adj.派生的,衍生的)
【辨】odginate, derive
originate意为“发生,使出现”,强调变化的起点,如:The fire originated in the basement.;derive指从某处获得或来自某处,含有进化的意味。

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