NPR讲解附字幕:巴西陆海空军三位将领于同日卸任 政局再陷动荡
日期:2021-04-01 17:55

(单词翻译:单击)

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Brazil is going through tumultuous times. Today, the country lost its army, air force and navy chiefs. The government says all three are being replaced. This is the biggest political crisis to hit the Brazilian military in decades. And it comes just one day after the president fired his defense and foreign ministers. All this while Brazil is struggling with the world's worst surge of COVID-19 deaths. NPR's Philip Reeves joins us now from Rio de Janeiro.
Hi, Phil.
PHILIP REEVES, BYLINE: Hi.
SHAPIRO: Yesterday, you were talking about the exodus of the Cabinet members and now all three military chiefs gone in one day. What's happening?
REEVES: Well, when you boil it down, Ari, this is about President Jair Bolsonaro's efforts to use Brazil's military for his own political ends. The departure of these three military chiefs, it's connected with Bolsonaro's surprise decision yesterday to fire his defense minister, who's a general known to disapprove of Bolsonaro's efforts to politicize the military. His dismissal seems to have upset these three military chiefs. There are multiple reports here from credible outlets saying they resigned en masse in protest, although they haven't publicly confirmed that. We know one of the three who's the head of the army, or was, has spoken out before about keeping Brazil's military independent from politics. And the other day, we had, you know, a good example of why these three might be worried. Bolsonaro's fiercely opposed to pandemic lockdowns. And he told a crowd of supporters he was willing to use Brazil's army to guarantee freedom of movement. And that sort of behavior makes some of the top brass uneasy, especially now when they don't want to be associated with Bolsonaro's disastrous response to the pandemic.

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SHAPIRO: Yeah, it is an odd time for him to pick this fight with the military while Brazil is suffering from the pandemic worse than any other country in the world.
REEVES: Yeah, I think Bolsonaro knows his position is weakening. He was pretty much forced by Congress to dump his foreign minister, which he did yesterday. That was a big humiliation for Bolsonaro. Some here believe that his unexpected decision to sack the defense minister on the same day was intended actually as a counterattack deliberately to trigger the exit of the three military chiefs so that he could bring in new generals more loyal to him and his far-right government. So in that — if that's right, it would be an effort to shore up his position and, crucially, to give him greater control over the military. Analysts say that if that's true, it's worrying, but we'll have to see who he appoints as the new military chiefs.
SHAPIRO: Bolsonaro has had such a close relationship with the military. Is that love affair over?
REEVES: Well, it's certainly got a lot messier. This is a defining moment, Ari. I mean, remember, Bolsonaro's an army captain. He's packed government with thousands of military officers, some in key positions. He's also an open admirer of Brazil's past military dictatorship. You'll remember that when he came into power in 2019, a lot of people were worried that he and the generals were a threat to Brazil's democracy. Today, though, we appear to have seen military chiefs actually standing up for democracy. But I should add that these commanders don't represent everyone in the barracks. I mean, Brazil's military is known to include some hard-line anti-democratic elements.
SHAPIRO: And is there any risk of Bolsonaro being driven from power?
REEVES: At this stage, I don't think that's the case, although he's in trouble. I mean, many Brazilians are really distressed by his response to COVID-19. They say his denialism allowed the virus to run rampant, turning Brazil into a global health risk. People in Congress are threatening to impeach him. And an election's coming up next year. And his archenemy, the former leftist president, Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, is back in the political game. So that's not a recipe for stability.
SHAPIRO: That's NPR's Philip Reeves in Rio de Janeiro.
Thank you, Phil.
REEVES: You're welcome.

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中文翻译

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参考译文:
巴西正在经历动荡时期!vEn#G39.1w8x[。今天,这个国家失去了陆军、空军和海军的首领lv^p#+*p2HQI。政府称这三名将领都将被替换d7L=C7jlMluL。这是巴西军方数十年来遭遇的最大政治危机~TTR]-4Xk*R8。就在前一天,巴西总统解雇了国防部长和外交部长SP#h*|ny_~E。这一切都发生在巴西正与全球最严重的新冠肺炎死亡人数激增作斗争之际28xwTSdts%k。NPR新闻的菲利普·里弗斯将从里约热内卢和我们连线(;HVOO(nkRE8O
你好,菲尔GHJ2TK97;@Zab8=wt#
菲利普·里夫斯连线:你好[F;Ftl~2~*QJu
夏皮罗:昨天,你报道了多名内阁成员离职的消息,而现在,三名军事将领在同一天离任9v*SE+QnS~z。发生了什么?
里夫斯:阿里,这可以归结为总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗利用巴西军方实现自已政治目的的行动W^0Fe12cGvxmwea4XF。这三名军事将领的离职,与博尔索纳罗昨天出人意料地决定解雇国防部长有关,众所周知,国防部长不赞成博尔索纳罗将军队政治化的努力^[6Ev,aSR]8w。他的免职似乎使这三名军事将领感到不安_G08Haj4FRq_^B|J。来自巴西可靠媒体的多个报道称,这三名将领集体辞职以示抗议,不过他们尚未公开种说法du&i(hh,[();lD)@M;pX。我们知道,三名军事将领中有一位曾说过要让巴西军队独立于政治之外si)TbUa8j8lO。前几天发生的事情能充分说明为何这三人可能感到担心ECbVB2Kr.^%)Nx&+a4ms。博尔索纳罗强烈反对疫情封锁措施=EN7L*d&B8r-j3vlNWk。他对支持者表示,他愿意动用巴西军队来保障行动自由H04-=|5.ix_e]F。而这种行为让一些军方高层感到不安,尤其是现在他们不想与博尔索纳罗在应对疫情方面的灾难性表现联系在一起Csyp%GQYZT01
夏皮罗:好,对他来说,现在选择与军方斗争有点奇怪,因为巴西正在遭受比世界上任何其他国家都严重的疫情&kWtu~nqWsp=Z
里夫斯:没错,我认为博尔索纳罗知道他的地位正在被削弱aQXv07%z[q7P。昨天,他几乎是在国会的逼迫下解雇了他的外交部长~Y74Lr~=VG。这对博尔索纳罗来说是一大耻辱2jKrfqJp;mV8。有些人认为,他在同一天出人意料地决定解雇国防部长,是在故意反击,以触发三名军事将领的离开,以便他能任命对他及其极右政府更加忠诚的将领GGi*N(+tN1wer。因此,如果这是事实,那他就是在努力巩固自已的地位,更重要的是,这可以让他对军队有更大的控制权03Ts5++v9j=。分析人士表示,如果这是真的,那情况令人担忧,不过我们要看看他任命的军事将领人选hhaoJQ^@EyQy!j
夏皮罗:博尔索纳罗与军方有着非常密切的关系ey~rH#2[*-#j44。他们之间的恋爱结束了吗?
里夫斯:情况肯定非常复杂BkvMI=jtYX!。这是决定的时刻,阿里bJOKX3q6K08A;3。记住,博尔索纳罗曾是陆军上尉g6nvHH!07WsA。他上任后将数千名军官安插进政府,其中一些人身居要职7i&i!B@FD0L5iSF。他也是巴西过去军事独裁政权的公开崇拜者UZw~4@nLJxRm。你应该记得,2019年他上台时,很多人都担心他和这些将军是对巴西民主的威胁9X&qK592*OF|gJf)6v。不过,今天我们似乎看到军事将领在为民主而战^@q(KOz028w~faNG。但我要补充的是,这些指挥官并不代表军营里的每一个人RPVEkhAA!Pp&2)R#g。众所周知,巴西军队中有一些强硬的反民主分子t%=D^4[Mj1f~V*v
夏皮罗:博尔索纳罗有被赶下台的危险吗?
里夫斯:我认为现阶段没有,尽管他处于困境中rPO@7vyvizl[iB。许多巴西人对他应对新冠肺炎的表现感到沮丧Mms78v|UP;[vSX。他们表示,他否认的态度导致病毒肆虐,使巴西成为全球健康风险65xT&D6k)nTbe_MKF)。国会议员威胁要弹劾他L;pHR-FHqdl8ipE_c,,x。巴西将于明年举行选举l8,A.L2FA-7xjO6e0NE。而他的大敌、前左翼总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦又回到了政坛(LFe7yq5wX_S%。因此这不是保持稳定的方法9%C0p_5wqn2vCa,|x&I
夏皮罗:以上是NPR新闻的菲利普·里弗斯从里约热内卢带来的报道1OrrTY6Lw)BEU+O1&Sxc
谢谢你,菲尔yIyJGv;t+]uIjVh;~@tQ
里夫斯:不客气(reCs2aZd8eW

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译文属可可原创,仅供学习交流使用,未经许可请勿转载

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重点讲解

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重点讲解:
1. boil down 重点是;将…归结为;
What they want boils down to just one thing. It is land.
他们说穿了就是想要一样东西,那就是土地Yj]WM^N;t&TK%At
2. be opposed to 反对的;不赞成的;
I am utterly opposed to any form of terrorism.
我坚决反对任何形式的恐怖主义8O2y@E!#PH;
3. stand up for 坚决维护;捍卫;
They stood up for what they believed to be right.
他们坚决捍卫自己认为是对的事WTiA+acG=ZDoMc)wN
4. in trouble 处于困境;惹麻烦;
The economy was in trouble.
经济处于困境中KU*M0Q7[AVyx

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