(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Will New Devices Replace the Stethoscope?
Nearly every U.S. medical school gives new students a white coat and a stethoscope.
The act is part of a long tradition. But it is more than just symbolic. Medical schools still teach stethoscope skills. Doctors must be able to use them well to get their licenses.
But the stethoscope, 200 years after its invention, is facing an uncertain future.
New devices can help doctors find problems in the heart, lungs and other areas. They use ultrasound technology, artificial intelligence and smartphone apps.
Dr. Eric Topol is a world-renowned heart doctor. He considers the stethoscope obsolete – in other words, old and out of date. It "was OK for 200 years," Topol said. But "we need to go beyond that. We can do better."
Students at Indiana University, one of the nation's largest medical schools, learn stethoscope skills. But they also get training in hand-held ultrasound technology. The training is part of a program launched there last year by Dr. Paul Wallach, one of the school's leaders.
Five years ago, he created a similar program at the Medical College of Georgia. Wallach believes that within the next ten years, hand-held ultrasound devices will become part of the usual physical exam, just like the reflex hammer.
But Wallach added that he isn't ready to declare the stethoscope dead. He believes younger doctors will be wearing "a stethoscope around the neck and an ultrasound in the pocket."
Modern-day stethoscopes look different than the first stethoscope. It was invented in the early 1800s by Frenchman Rene Laennec. But the devices work in basically the same way. Sound waves make the device's flat metal area shake. The shaking moves the sound through the tubes to the ears.
But hearing and understanding sounds from the human body requires a trained ear.
Dr. James Thomas is a heart doctor at Northwestern Medicine in Chicago. He says that with medical advances and competing devices, some younger doctors are not being trained well on the stethoscope. He notes recent studies that medical school graduates in some areas "may miss as many as half of murmurs using a stethoscope."
There is, however, a large price difference between normal stethoscopes and high-tech devices. Stethoscopes usually cost under $200, compared with at least a few thousand dollars for some of the new devices.
Dr. Dave Drelicharz has been a doctor for children for more than 10 years. He understands the attraction of the newer devices. But, he says, until the price comes down, the stethoscope "is still your best tool."
He said, "During my work hours in my office, if I don't have it around my shoulders, it's as though I was feeling almost naked."
I'm John Russell.
重点解析
1.medical school 医学院
I'm going to medical school next year.
明年我就要上医学院了。
2.as though 好像
She treats me as though I were a stranger.
她对我的样子就好像我是个陌生人。
3.at least 至少
Whatever you love him, at least he in your heart!
不管你爱不爱他，至少他在你的心里面！
4.in other words 换句话说
In other words, he should be an excellent man.
换句话说，他应该是一个优秀的男人。
5.He considers the stethoscope obsolete – in other words, old and out of date.
out of date 过时
His way of thinking is out of date.
他的思想落伍了。
Your tricks have gone out of date.
你那两着儿呀，早过时了。
6.But the devices work in basically the same way.
in the same way 同样地
All composers do not use that sound stuff in the same way.
不是所有的作曲家都以同样的方式使用音的素材。
The ritual of the party conference is acted out in the same way every year.
该党的大会程序年年照例执行。
参考译文
传统听诊器会被新设备取代？
美国几乎每一所医学院都为新生提供白大褂和听诊器。
这是一项悠久传统的一部分。但是它不仅仅是一种象征。医学院仍在教授听诊器技能。医生们必须能够熟练使用听诊器才能获得许可证。
但是听诊器在发明200年之后面临着不确定的未来。
新设备可以帮助医生发现心脏、肺部等其他部位的问题。它们使用超声波技术、人工智能以及智能手机应用程序。
埃里·托普博士是全球知名的心脏病医生。他认为听诊器该淘汰了，换句话说，已经过时了。托普表示：“200年来，我们一直用听诊器，但是我们需要与时俱进，我们可以做得更好。”
印第安纳大学是美国最大的医学院之一，该校学生需要学习听诊器技能。但是他们也同时接受手持超声波技术的培训。这一培训是该校负责人之一保罗·瓦拉赫博士去年启动的一个项目的一部分。
5年前，瓦拉赫在乔治亚医学院创建了一个类似的项目。瓦拉赫相信，在未来10年内，手持超声波设备将成为常规体检的一部分，就像反射锤一样。
但是瓦拉赫补充说，他还没准备好宣布听诊器淘汰。他认为，年轻医生“脖子上会挂着听诊器，口袋内会装着超声波设备。”
现代听诊器看上去跟第一批听诊器有所不同。听诊器是18世纪初由法国人雷奈克（Rene Laennec）发明的。但是两种设备的工作原理基本相同。声波会使得该设备的平坦金属区域震动。这种震动使声音通过胶管传到耳朵。
但是听到并听懂人体的声音需要（医生）耳朵“经验丰富”。
詹姆斯·托马斯博士（James Thomas）是芝加哥西北大学医学院的心脏病医生。他说，随着医学进步和竞争设备的出现，有些年轻医生并未得到充足的听诊器方面的培训。他指出，最新研究表明，某些地区的医学生“使用听诊器时可能会错过多达一半的听诊杂音。”
但是普通听诊器和高科技听诊器之间的价格悬殊。普通听诊器价格通常在200美元以下，而某些新设备至少需要数千美元。
戴夫·德勒夏斯（Dave Drelicharz）博士已经担任儿科医生十多年了。他了解这种新型设备的吸引力。但是他表示，在（新设备）价格下降前，听诊器“仍然是最合适的工具。”
他说：“坐诊期间如果不戴听诊器，感觉跟没穿衣服似的。”
约翰·罗塞尔为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
