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US Military Studies Extremely Fit Women
Nearly four years ago, the United States military announced it was opening all combat jobs to women. Since then, more than 30 women have passed difficult training programs with the Army Rangers and the Marines.
Their numbers are small. But their completion of some of the military's most difficult physical and mental courses has raised a scientific question: Who are these "hyperfit" women and what makes them so competitive?
Army medical researchers hope to find answers in a study.
Holly McClung, a scientist at the Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine in Massachusetts, is working on the study.
"We're really interested in those elite women that are the first to make it through physically demanding training," she said.
Julie Hughes also works on the study. She said, "There's this group of women who made it through the training so we want to ... explore what makes them unique."
The goal, said McClung, is to find the mental and physical factors that help the women succeed. By finding this information, researchers might be able to help other women compete for the same jobs.

The plan for the study is to have the military women come to an Army base in Natick, Massachusetts, in groups of two or three. Having several tested at the same time, McClung said, will make it more interesting and encourage competition.
They will go through many tests over three days.
In one test, the women will run on treadmills while wearing a mask and breathing device connected to a computer. The device will measure how much oxygen is being used at a person's peak exercise rate, known as the VO2 Max score. An average person may have a score of about 30. Top athletes can score in the 80s.
The breathing test, along with others, will be used to determine the women's physical fitness. Written tests and interviews will study their mental toughness.
McClung and Hughes also said they hope to be able to compare the women's results with similar testing on men.
Mark Esper, the Secretary of Defense, said the study will be important to help understand fitness and perhaps reduce injury rates.
"My belief is it's grit — grit gets them through this," he said of the women. "You have to have a certain level of athletic ability, but they take it to an extraordinary level. These women are tough."
I'm John Russell.

重点解析

重点讲解：
1. since then 自那以后；
Since then I've been waiting on events.
自那以后，我就一直在观望事情的发展VB-Hw5hktz。
2. be interested in 感兴趣的；有兴趣的；关心的；
Neither Anna nor I are interested in high finance.
安娜和我对巨额融资都不感兴趣Ixrjm-21vCtq%。
3. be able to do sth. 可以…的，能够…的；
If only I could get some sleep, I would be able to cope.
要是能睡上一会儿，我就能应付了feGkgr6B,J。
4. at the same time 同时；
Dividing his command, Morgan assailed both strongholds at the same time.
摩根派遣部队同时袭击了两个据点6-W(R)jeAnEfc。

参考译文

美国军方研究极健康女性
近四年前，美国军方宣布向女性开放所有作战岗位-FM=KMI.oogu95XWn。自那时起，有超过30名女性通过了陆军突击队和海军陆战队的艰苦训练hq=DvGZ|#1o-yC9p。
通过训练的女性成员人数很少@zuQ4aTjPI6I&[n。但她们完成了军队最艰难的体能和心理课程，这引出了一个科学问题：这些“超健康”女性是谁？什么令她们如此具竞争力？
陆军医学研究员希望通过研究找到答案2@Rd(@G&Tp!dFZo_~Jv[。
霍莉·麦克朗是马萨诸塞州美国陆军环境医学研究所的科学家，她参与了这项研究Hj*ZNNVc9s!。
她说，“我们对这些最先通过体能训练的精英女性非常感兴趣Tsu,jwdSWyLyf*|)cnHT。”
朱莉·休斯也参与了这项研究D%SYJ#c~QtjM-dT。她说，“这些女性成功通过了训练，所以我们想探索令她们与众不同的原因4WDk=QEWk1。”
麦克朗表示，目标是找到帮助这些女性获得成功的心理和生理因素-dP%&#eD+gh.T。找到原因后，研究人员可以帮助其他女性竞争相同岗位X81dCue#S@c&0WTXUwe。
这项研究计划让这些女军人来到马萨诸塞州纳提克的陆军基地，将她们分成两到三组2mRFnyTl7AX#a||。麦克朗说，研究不仅要进行多项测试，还要增加趣味并鼓励竞争3bP-Fwg1IVBu。
这些女性将在三天时间内进行多项测试OS0pC-#Z[4^r;#]cv.Ur。
其中一项测试要求这些女性戴着口罩和连接电脑的呼吸设备在跑步机上跑步zO.oW!kYDg[OWt[DV%。呼吸设备可以测量人在运动峰值时消耗的氧气，即最大摄氧量ANxVT%QQ8gJTIP]。普通人的分数约为30PJ&rZfc9fe]。顶级运动员可达到80多44JN%D+TrZzW|hi9Or~r。
这项呼吸测试及其他测试用来确定这些女性的身体健康情况6rVr34poA^xF6|Q&p。笔试和面试则将研究她们的意志力GsLI~3dDESR99]e!.。
麦克朗和休斯说，她们希望能将这些女性的测试结果与接受类似测试的男性进行比较IOK5zQ4++(oKkDp%rd。
美国国防部长马克·埃斯珀表示，该研究对于帮助理解健康和减少损伤率至关重要CYHA6ZVt)q9S)jE。
他在谈到这些女性时说，“我认为是勇气帮助她们通过了训练WLmt.Z1Pe3v)。你必须要有一定水平的运动能力，同时还要将这一能力提升至非凡水准5v)Rb1v&%kluCR。这些女性非常坚强oVj^W)3R6~5_1(|^Q&gb。”
约翰·拉塞尔报道a+EQ3tlrae。

译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！