(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
In eighteen-oh-one, the United States had a new president, Thomas Jefferson. It also had a new party in power: his Democratic-Republican Party. Though supporters of Jefferson were called Republicans, that party led to the modern Democratic Party. On taking office, Jefferson spoke of the bitter struggle between his party and the Federalist Party of Alexander Hamilton. The United States now had a two-party system. Jefferson held out the hand of peace and friendship to the Federalists. He said: "We are all Republicans. We are all Federalists. Let us unite with hearts and minds. Let us have peace and love in our relations with each other." Now, Jack Weitzel and Stuart Spencer continue our story. Thomas Jefferson, third president of the United States, thus held out the hand of friendship to the Federalists. But Alexander Hamilton did not accept it. As Jefferson became president, Hamilton made a speech attacking Jefferson. Hamilton had decided to continue fighting the democratic movement in the United States. This did not worry Jefferson. He was sure he could show even the Federalists that his program was good for all. Of course, he said, the top leaders of the Federalists -- men like Hamilton -- could never be changed. But he was more interested in bringing their followers to his side.
Jefferson was a happy president in those early days of eighteen hundred-one. Jefferson said: "We can no longer say that there is nothing new under the sun. What we have done in this country is all new. The force of public opinion is new. But the most important and pleasing newness is that we have changed our government without violence. This shows a strength of American character that will give long life to our republic. "We have proved that freedom of the press, freedom of speech, and freedom of thought are necessary in a healthy nation. Let men argue with each other. The arguments may become bitter. But the bitterness is just a cloud that passes. And out of the arguments will come the truth." As for the Federalist leaders, they too -- except for Hamilton -- were pleased. President Jefferson had said in his inaugural speech: "We are all Republicans. We are all Federalists." This, the Federalist leaders said, showed that Jefferson would not even think of trying to destroy their program. George Cabot, the strongest Federalist leader in New England, usually agreed with Hamilton. But now, he did not.
Cabot said, "I believe that our new president wants to stay out of war. We do not have to worry any longer that he plans to join France against England. He is friendly to us and wants our help. Therefore, I am sure that he will not dismiss any of our people from their government positions." Another Federalist leader -- Timothy Pickering -- the secretary of state under President Adams, said: "I am satisfied that Jefferson will not make any important changes in government policy, and that he will depend for support more on us Federalists than on the Democrats." During those first few weeks of the new government, the Federalist leaders really believed that Jefferson was afraid of them, that he had surrendered to them and would soon be destroyed as the leader of the Republican Party. One Federalist wrote: "Soon Jefferson will feel the bite of his dirty Democrats when they attack him!" Jefferson soon did hear complaints from Republican leaders who felt he was being too kind to the Federalists. William Giles, a Jeffersonian leader in Virginia, wrote: "Of course, I am very pleased by the president's inaugural speech.
The president's program is correct. It agrees with the opinions of the people. But I still think that the president's success will depend on how he carries out his program. "Let him offer friendship to the Federalists. But he must not permit friendship to become weakness. His friends believe that the first thing he must do is to clean out the executive branch of the government. He must dismiss from office all men who are enemies of the Republican program." Even James Monroe wrote a strong letter to the president: "Your speech and your program are healthy and good. But there are serious dangers ahead of you. There are two parties in this country, not one. One of these parties, the Federalists, has controlled the government for twelve years and has hurt our nation greatly. Some of these Federalists now speak softly to you and promise their support. "But you must remember, too, that there are thousands of good Republicans who have always supported you. If you keep Federalists in office, if you appoint Federalists to office, many of these good Republicans will stop believing in you. "Certainly, there is no reason why you should give jobs to men who worked for the Federalist government of John Adams.
Certainly, you must throw out the officials of the last government who stole money and sold their services. Do this and you will give strength to our Republican movement. "Please understand me. I am speaking only of high offices. I do not ask that you dismiss small officials because they are Federalists. They have a right to their political beliefs. Let them keep their jobs.This will show that you are a president who can accept different political opinions." As the Federalists and the Republican leaders kept asking Jefferson for positions in the government, the president was thinking of his cabinet. He quickly decided who would be his secretary of state and secretary of the treasury. James Madison of Virginia -- Jefferson's old friend and the father of the Constitution -- would be secretary of state. For secretary of the treasury, Jefferson chose Albert Gallatin of Pennsylvania, the brilliant leader of the Republicans in Congress, the man who understood economics and finance as well as Alexander Hamilton. For the War Department, Jefferson turned to General Henry Dearborn of New England. Jefferson's first choice to be secretary of the Navy was Judge Robert Livingston, the great lawyer from New York.
But Judge Livingston rejected this position. Jefferson finally chose Robert Smith of Baltimore, Maryland. The president had already appointed one man from New England to his cabinet, Secretary of War Dearborn.Yet, he went to New England for two more appointments. Jefferson knew that the strength of the Federalist Party was greater in New England than in any other part of the country. He believed that there was no better way to move New England away from the Federalist program than to give cabinet positions to men from New England. And so, Jefferson found his attorney general in Levi Lincoln of Massachusetts. Like Dearborn, Lincoln was a patriot of the American Revolution. He had been a supporter of Jefferson from the beginning. He was famous as a lawyer in Massachusetts, where he was the top leader of the Republican Party. Jefferson went to New England, too, for the postmaster general. It was not yet a cabinet office. But its importance was growing. The president gave this appointment to Gideon Granger -- lawyer, businessman, and writer, one of the strong Jeffersonians in the state of Connecticut. Such was Jefferson's cabinet. All strong Republicans. All completely loyal. The Federalists were shocked. Not one of their men had been appointed.
重点解析
1.as well as 也；和…一样；不但…而且
She can play tennis as well as basketball.
她也会打篮球，也会打网球。
2.secretary of the treasury 财政部长
The SED was convened semi-annually and led by Secretary of the Treasury on the U.S. side and a Vice Premier on the Chinese side.
经济战略对话每年举行两次，由美方财政部长和中方国务院副总理共同主持。
3.each other 彼此，互相
They reacted on each other.
他们互相影响。
4.ahead of 在…之前
If so, you are ahead of the game.
如果是的话，你已经领先这个游戏。
5.there is no reason 毫无道理
If the answer is no then there is no reason to do it.
如果答案是否，那么就没有理由去做它了。
参考译文
1801年，美国新总统托马斯·杰斐逊宣誓就职。有了新的执政党：民主-共和党。杰斐逊的支持者被称为共和党，也就是今天的民主党。杰斐逊一上任就谈到了他的共和党和亚历山大·汉密尔顿的联邦党之间的激烈斗争。美国现在实行两党制。杰斐逊向联邦党人伸出了和平与友谊之手。他说：“我们都是共和党人，我们都是联邦主义者。让我们同心协力，愿我们彼此和睦相爱。”现在，杰克·韦策尔和斯图尔特·斯宾塞继续为您讲述我们的故事。美国第三任总统托马斯·杰斐逊向联邦党人伸出了友谊之手。但亚历山大·汉密尔顿并不接受。杰斐逊就任总统后，汉密尔顿发表讲话，中伤杰斐逊。汉密尔顿决定继续与美国的民主运动作斗争，杰斐逊对此并不担心。他确信自己可以向联邦党人证明，他的计划符合所有人的利益。他说，像汉密尔顿这样的联邦党最高领袖是永远不会改变的。但他更感兴趣的是如何让汉密尔顿的追随者改变立场，转而支持他。1801年早期，杰斐逊过的很开心。杰斐逊表示：“我们再也不能说世界上没有新鲜事物，我们在这个国家所做的一切都是全新的。舆论的力量是前所未有的。
但最重要和令人欣慰的是，我们在没有使用暴力的情况下完成了政府换届。这显示了美国的力量，这将使我们的共和体制长盛不衰。“我们已经证明，出版自由、言论自由和思想自由在一个健康的国家是必不可少的。让人们争论去吧。争论可能会激烈。但痛苦只是过眼云烟。真理将会胜利。”除了汉密尔顿，联邦党的领袖都很高兴。杰斐逊总统在他的就职演说中提出：“我们都是共和党人。我们都是联邦主义者。”联邦党的领袖们说，这说明杰斐逊甚至没有想过要破坏他们。新英格兰最强大的联邦党领袖乔治·卡伯特通常都会同意汉密尔顿的观点。但这次却没有同意。卡伯特说：“我相信我们的新总统想要远离战争。我们不必再担心他计划帮助法国对抗英国。他对我们很友好，而且需要我们的帮助。因此，我相信他不会解雇我们的人民。”另一位联邦党领袖、亚当斯总统的国务卿蒂莫西·皮克林表示：“我很满意杰斐逊不会在政府政策上做出任何重大改变，他将更依赖联邦党人而不是民主党人的支持。”在新政府成立的头几个星期，联邦党领袖认为，杰斐逊害怕他们，已经向他们投降了，很快就会被自己人消灭。一位联邦党人写道：“不久，杰斐逊就会感受到他的肮脏的民主党人对他的攻击！”杰斐逊很快就引起了了共和党领袖的不满，他们认为杰斐逊对联邦党人太仁慈了。
弗吉尼亚州的杰斐逊派领袖威廉?吉尔斯写道：“当然，我对总统的就职演说十分满意。总统的政策是正确的，符合民意。但是我仍然认为，总统的成功将取决于他如何实施这些政策。“让他向联邦党人表示友好吧，但是不能让友好变成软弱。他的朋友们认为，当务之急就是清理联邦政府。必须把所有反对共和党计划的人都赶出白宫。”就连詹姆斯·门罗也给总统写了一封措辞强硬的信：“你的演讲和政策都很好。但你们会面临严峻威胁。美国有两个政党，而非一个。联邦党人控制政府已经12年了，对我们的国家造成了巨大的伤害。如今，这些联邦党人中的一些人对你们柔声细语，并承诺支持你们。“但你也必须记住，有成千上万优秀的共和党人一直支持你。如果你让联邦党人继续执政，如果你留任联邦党人，许多优秀的共和党人将不再相信你。“当然，你没有理由把工作交给约翰·亚当斯联邦政府的人。你必须把上一届政府贪赃枉法的官员清除出去。这样做，你就会给我们的共和运动以力量。“我说的只是高级职位。我不要求你因为那些小官员是联邦党人就开除他们。他们有权拥有自己的政治信仰，让他们保住自己的饭碗。这将表明你是一个能够接受不同政治观点的总统。”当联邦党人和共和党领导人不断要求杰斐逊担任政府职务，而总统正在考虑他的内阁人选。他很快就决定了国务卿和财政部长的人选。
杰斐逊的老朋友、宪法之父、弗吉尼亚州的詹姆斯·麦迪逊将出任国务卿。而财政部长，杰斐逊选择了宾夕法尼亚州的阿尔伯特·加勒廷，他是国会共和党的杰出领袖，他精通经济学和金融学，并不亚于亚历山大·汉密尔顿。对于战争部长，杰斐逊选择了新英格兰的亨利·迪尔伯恩将军。纽约的伟大律师罗伯特·利文斯顿法官成为海军部长的首选。但利文斯顿法官拒绝了。杰斐逊最终选择了马里兰州巴尔的摩的罗伯特·史密斯。总统已经任命了一位新英格兰人担任内阁成员，迪尔伯恩市的作战部长。然而，他又去新英格兰赴约了两次。杰斐逊知道联邦党在新英格兰的势力比在全国其他任何地方都要强大。他认为，让新英格兰人担任内阁职位是让新英格兰摆脱联邦党的最佳手段。因此，杰斐逊找到了他的司法部长——马萨诸塞州的利瓦伊·林肯。和迪尔伯恩一样，林肯也是美国独立战争时期的爱国者。他从一开始就是杰斐逊的支持者。他是马萨诸塞州著名的律师，也是共和党的最高领袖。杰斐逊也去了新英格兰寻找邮政局长。当时邮政局长还不是内阁部长。但是这一职务的重要性与日俱增。杰斐逊把这个职位给了吉迪恩·格兰杰，格兰杰是律师、商人和作家，也是康涅狄格州强大的杰斐逊派之一。杰斐逊的内阁组建完成，成员都是完全忠诚于他的共和党人。联邦党人瞠目咋舌，他们无一人被任命。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
