听力文本

This is Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.
Before the internet or cell phones, radio or telegraph, long-distance communication meant riders on horseback, carrier pigeons or semaphore. But various cultures also developed ways to produce audio messages that travel miles—like the sounds of the manguaré drums of the Bora people in the northwestern Amazon.
The drums look like wooden cannons, with a slit on top. A player stands between two of them and beats out a rhythm—either purely musical, or a Morse code–like message. For example:
"Bring the coca leaves for toasting."
"They have this fantastic sound which resounds through the jungle and can be heard up to 15 to 20 kilometers away." Frank Seifert, a linguist at the University of Amsterdam and the University of Cologne. "That extends the range of the human voice by about a hundred."
There's a drinking game in Bora culture: who can drink the most cahuana, a non-alcoholic cassava drink. The winner might declare, (káPgúnúkòúβú ò áPţàkúnè) "I am finishing the cahuana." Or broadcast that boast on the drums. (drum version)

Seifert and his team analyzed those beats and the corresponding spoken phrases, (spoken, beat) and found the pauses corresponded to the number of vowels and consonants in the phrases.
"And then depending on whether the vowel is long or short, and whether there's consonants intervening between the vowels, the pauses between the beats are going to be shorter or longer."
The findings are in the journal Royal Society Open Science.
Seifert says studies of Bora drumming may ultimately reveal something more fundamental about spoken language. "I think that shows very clearly how this fine temporal structure of language, this rhythmic structure embedded in speech, how important that is for language processing in general."
In the early 1900s, manguaré drums were reportedly heard daily in this part of the Amazon. Today, only 20 drums remain, and the Bora language is losing turf to Spanish. But for now...the beat goes on.
Thanks for listening for Scientific American — 60-Second Science. I'm Christopher Intagliata.

参考译文

这里是科学美国人——60秒科学9@bVF!op#NJzlj5。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔1hHuD.8^teOeZ_P(。
在互联网、手机、广播和电话发明之前，长距离通信依靠马背上的骑手、信鸽或旗语!JfI*FsA5!Wn&ro5)。但是各种文明也发明了能将声音信息传播数英里远的方法，比如亚马逊西北部地区波拉人的manguaré鼓的声音H(~si=;wV)3JJ#9Zs。
这种鼓看起来很像木制大炮，顶部有裂缝kUwoC0MoA[sqJ[fqixmf。鼓手站在两个鼓中间，敲击出节奏——要么是纯音乐信息，要么是摩斯密码那样的信息;6&GOQPt,LOT,_b8FA。比如：
这是“带古柯叶来祝酒”的意思w#(=T4m_AI8kFc7。
“他们击出的这种奇妙鼓声在丛林中回响，15至20公里以外都能听到!XRbWiZwgS。”阿姆斯特丹大学和科隆大学的语言学家弗兰克·塞弗特说到oe,^K!UGBX@tdrB。“它将人类声音的传播范围延伸了约100倍*NF)viHG-Zmr|=。”
波拉文化中有一种饮料游戏：看谁能喝下最多的cahuana——这是一种不含酒精的木薯饮料l0*7TP!f7E,zSp[7cEM。获胜者可以宣布：“我喝完cahuana饮料了”)%JwZpT7lO。或者用鼓来传播这种自夸GY#NyyvOE)M-H]%O5pg7。（用鼓传播的版本）
塞弗特和团队分析了这些敲击及与之对应的口语短语（口语，敲击），他们发现，敲击的停顿与短语中元音和辅音的数量有关2PM!-l*g[#XP。
“依据元音长短以及元音间是否有辅音，敲击停顿时间会相应缩短或增长r41WSFLkz0ckYgK=。”
这项研究发表在《英国皇家学会·开放科学》期刊上Z|_rX&NL4Ev~a。
塞弗特表示，研究波拉鼓声最终可能会揭示口语更基本的秘密8d,#^Ev7+FjejzYeXEbP。“我认为研究结果充分说明了语言这种精准的时间结构和节奏结构是如何嵌入语音中的，以及总体来说这一切对语言加工的重要性)CzBF-&l5%si#c5nIah。”
据悉，18世纪早期时，亚马逊地区的这一地方每天都能听到manguaré鼓声twm#aBGPNc。而今天，只有20只鼓保留下来，波拉语言也失去了其在西班牙语中的地位CO]-a^~v[LY9u]d。但是现在……敲击仍在继续zo)CRlZBwh,2%bDnZ。
谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学h)g,l7K.f-[tMq。我是克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔C@pXH~aYZbJ[O&Q.5。

译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！

重点讲解

重点讲解：
1. beat out （用鼓等乐器）敲奏出；
Drums and cymbals beat out a solemn rhythm.
鼓和铙钹奏出了庄严的节奏f4@mN!CIS^a,DM!。
2. correspond to 相类似；相关；相对应；
Racegoers will be given a number which will correspond to a horse running in a race.
观看赛马比赛的观众将获得一个与某一匹赛马相对应的号码qpJA5pMNfhA&hEtwIb。
3. depend on 取决(于)；有赖(于)；
Success doesn't only depend on what you do. What you don't do is equally important.
成功不仅仅在于你做了什么，你没有做什么也同样重要b+cTM,%KBxsjXR#eV。
4. in general 总的来说；总体上来看；大体上；
Minerals in general are not nearly so well absorbed as other nutrients.
总体来说，矿物质远远不如其他营养成分好吸收!po.ZagkDN#。