(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
There are now almost one billion obese adults in the developing world. This figure was around 250 million in 1980. The number of very overweight people has almost quadrupled in the last 35 years. A report from the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) said one in three people is overweight. The institute wants all world governments to do more to change what people eat. The biggest reasons that people are fatter are that they have more money and they are spending it on fast food. Fewer people are eating traditional, healthier food. Steve Wiggins from the ODI said: "Changes in lifestyle, the increasing availability of processed foods, and advertising have all led to dietary changes."
It's not all bad news. Two countries (Denmark and South Korea) have done very well in the past few decades to deal with the obesity problem. Denmark introduced laws against trans-fatty acids. Restaurants and food producers must be very careful about the kind of fats they use to cook their food. South Korea started a public education programme 20 years ago. It warned people about the problems of obesity. Mr Wiggins said: "A few decades ago the government of Korea said we must encourage our traditional foods, which are low in fats and oils, high in vegetables, high in sea food and so on. There was a lot of public education, a lot of training, and a sense that Korean food is good for you."
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词汇学习
1.obese adj.极为肥胖的,肥大的
Being obese and lazy is dangerous to health.
又胖又懒危害健康 。
2.overweight adj.超重的;过重的
Classically, overweight people underestimate the volume of food that they consume.
一般来说,超重的人往往低估自己摄入食物的量 。
3.quadruple vt.& vi.使乘四或被四乘
There was a proposal in the United States to quadruple its annual intake of immigrants.
在美国有提案建议把每年移民的接收数量增加3倍 。
4.dietary adj.饮食的,规定食物的
Dietary experts can advise on the ins and outs of dieting.
饮食专家可以对日常饮食的方方面面提出建议 。
内容解析
1.A report from the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) said one in three people is overweight.
one in three三分之一
分数的表达方式
一、用“基数词+序数词”表示
分数在英语中通常是借助于表达的
。其中基数词表示分子,序数词表示分母 。如:
1.The centimeter is one-tenth of the decimeter or one-hundredth of the meter.厘米是分米的十分之一,或者说是米的百分之一
。2.However,the number of boys will bea third or less than the girls in the class.但是,班里男生的人数将比女生少三分之一或更少
。从以上例子可以看出:分子除用one外,也可用a;如果分子大于1,分母要用复数形式
。但是,1/2不能说a(one)second,而要说a(one)half 。例如:3.The sum of one half,one third and number is 13.某数的1/2,1/3和1/4的和是13
。1/4和3/4可以说a(one)fourth和three fourths,但常用a quarter和three quarters表示
。应该注意的是,分数修饰名词时,若该名词是不可数名词只能用单数;若是可数名词,用单数或复数均可 。但是,若它们在句子中作主语,则谓语动词是用单数还是复数取决于名词,即与分数所修饰的名词保持一致 。例如:4.Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen.氧气只占空气的1/5
。5.About two thirds of the students attendthe meeting.大约2/3的学生都参加了会议
。带分数也是常见的英语数词表达
。所谓带分数,实际上是“整数+分数”,表达时分而述之,只是整数部分与分数部分要用连词 and连接 。当带分数修饰名词时,该名词通常是复数,但若名词置于整数one或a之后,则用单数 。“带分数+名词”作主语时,要用复数 。例如:6.You should finish the work within one and a fourth hours.你应在1.25小时内完成工作
。7.The atom breaks up in a minute and a quarter.原子在1.25分钟内裂变
。二、用percent等表示
表示百分之一可以说one(a)hundredth,但更常用one percent或per cent,即用百分数表示法来表达
。例如:8.Our water.我们人体含65%水分
。9.Seventy-five percent of the earth’ssur- face is covered by water.地球表面的75%被水覆盖着
。10.Eighty-five percent of the students in English department are girls.英语系85%的学生是女生
。三、用part表示
名词part有“……分之一”的意思,分子大于1时,part用复数
。表示分数的结构一般有以下三种:(1)“基数词(或a)+序数词+part(s)” a hundred part百分之一
(2)“基数词+part(s)+in+基数词” five 千分之五
(3)“基数词+part(s)+per+基数词” one part per million百万分之一
四、用“基数词+介词+基数词”表示
借助介词表示分数,介词前的数词是分子,介词后的数词是分母
。例如:11.Ninety-nine people out of a hundred,if they were asked who first found America, would answer Clumbus.
如果要问是谁首先发现美洲,一百个人中有九十九个(百分之九十九)将回答是哥伦布
。这种结构中的介词主要有in,out of,of以及to
12.The map is drawn to a scale of one of ten thousand.这张地图是的
。参考翻译
目前,发展中国家肥胖成年人数量已接近10亿
。1980年,该数字是2.5亿 。过去35年,非常肥胖的人口数量增长为过去的四倍 。来自海外发展研究所的一份报告称,三分之一的人口超重 。该研究所希望世界上所有政府采取更多措施改变人们的饮食 。人们更加肥胖最大的原因是他们有了更多的钱,用来购买快餐 。更少人食用比较传统,比较健康的食物 。来自海外发展研究所的Steve Wiggins表示:“生活方式的改变,加工食品的增加以及广告都导致饮食的改变 。”不过并不是所有的都是坏消息
。过去几十年,丹麦和韩国这两个国家在应对肥胖问题上做得非常好 。丹麦出台了反对反式脂肪酸的法律 。餐馆和食品生产商必须谨慎选择用来制作食物的脂肪 。韩国于20年前开始了公共教育项目 。该项目提醒人们关注肥胖问题 。Wiggins表示:“几十年前,韩国政府表示,我们必须鼓励脂肪和油含量很低,蔬菜和海产品等含量很高的传统食物 。还有许多公共教育和训练项目,让人们认识到韩国食品对人体很好 。”