(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Scientists have cast new light on why some men have deeper voices than others. It was traditionally thought that males developed a lower pitched voice to attract members of the opposite sex. However, anthropologists at the American college Penn State believe a deep voice was to scare off other males. Researcher David Puts said: "In humans, and possibly other primates too, a low pitched voice evolved primarily to intimidate other men to make males seem bigger and scarier." He added that: "Human male traits imply physical aggression and formidability and seem to provide competitive advantages in fighting or threatening other men more than they help attract women."
The researchers at Penn State recorded more than 500 men and women speaking. They then played the recordings back to more than 1,100 different people of both sexes. Male volunteers rated each male recording for levels of dominance they perceived in the voices. The same recordings were rated by 15 female volunteers for romantic attractiveness. Men similarly rated the women's voices for attractiveness. Most of the men thought the lower-pitched male recordings belonged to a more dominant man. Dr Puts said women also liked lower-pitched voices, but the pattern of the women's ratings did not lead him to say that the deepness of the male voice was so important to females.
中文翻译
科学家发现男性声音低沉原因
。人们总以为,男性嗓门低沉是为了吸引异性 。然而,宾夕法尼亚州立大学人类学家认为,声音浑厚是为了吓跑同性 。研究员大卫·普特认为:“包括人类在内的许多灵长类动物,声音浑厚的主要目的就是要驱走同性,显示其咄咄逼人,强大无比的态势 。”他还指出:“男性通常会采用人身攻击,虚声恫吓,让自己在进攻或威胁他人时占据竞争优势,而不是为了吸引女性目光 。”研究员对500多名男女讲话进行录音
。将录音重放给1100多名男女志愿者 。根据“霸气”水平,男志愿者为男性录音打分 。还是同样录音,15名女志愿者根据吸引力打分 。根据吸引力,男志愿者为女性录音打分 。多数男志愿者认为,霸气男性应声音低沉 。普特博士认为,女性也同样喜欢声音低沉,但女性的评分并不一定表明,男性声音低沉对女性有多么重要 。译文属可可原创,仅供学习交流使用,未经许可请勿转载
重点讲解
1.play back 回放
例句:Ted might benefit from hearing his own voice recorded and played back.
特德也许能从听到自己声音的录音回放中受益 。
2.belong to 属于
例句:They belong to the Knights of Columbus.
他们是哥伦布骑士会的成员 。
3.cast light on 使……的真相大白
例句:Franklin's experiment cast light on the connection between lightning and electricity.
富兰克林的实验使人明白了闪电与电之间的关系 。
4.scare off 吓跑
例句:I don't think that revealing your past to your boyfriend scared him off.
我并不认为是因为你把自己的过去告诉了你的男朋友才把他吓跑的 。
听力题目
1) What have scientists cast on why men have deeper voices?
a) a net
b) new light
c) a search
d) doubt
2) What did people think deeper voices in men attracted?
a) flies
b) viruses
c) sore throats
d) members of the opposite sex
3) Which American college is the researcher from?
a) Penn State
b) MIT
c) Harvard
d) NYU
4) Who did a lower-pitched voice evolve to intimidate?
a) wild animals
b) bears
c) other men
d) women
5) What kind of advantage did Dr Puts say a deeper voice gave men?
a) a big one
b) a competitive one
c) a slight one
d) a narrow one
6) How many men and women did the researchers record?
a) exactly 500
b) around 500
c) over 500
d) fewer than 500
7) How many people listened to the recordings?
a) fewer than 1,100
b) around 1,100
c) exactly 1,100
d) over 1,100
8) What did men listen for in the recordings of males?
a) levels of dominance
b) sound quality
c) attractiveness
d) noise
9) What did men rate female voices for?
a) attractiveness
b) sound quality
c) interference
d) deepness
10) What did Dr Puts suggest was not so important for females?
a) ratings
b) a deep male voice
c) aggression
d) men
听力答案
1.b
2.d
3.a
4.c
5.b
6.c
7.d
8.a
9.a
10.b