(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
A new study suggests working shifts at night can be damaging to one's health. In particular, it increases the risk of several cancers, diabetes, mental illnesses, and various heart diseases. Researchers from the Sleep Research Centre at the U.K.'s University of Surrey discovered that many genes in the body needed to follow a regular 24-hour cycle, during which the body sleeps at night. If this cycle is broken, up to 1,500 genes could get damaged, eventually resulting in potentially life-threatening diseases. Professor Derk-Jan Dijk said: "The study has important implications because we now need to discover why these rhythms exist and think about the consequences of that."
The human body has around 24,000 genes. Many of these switch off if the body does not follow a regular sleeping pattern. This can cause parts of the immune system to become less efficient, making us more susceptible to illnesses. Study co-author Dr Simon Archer said: "Over 97 per cent of rhythmic genes become out-of-sync with mistimed sleep, which really explains why we feel so bad during jet lag or if we have to work irregular shifts." Dr Dijk said that despite the results of the research, it would be difficult for people to change their lifestyles. He explained it was difficult for society to function without people working night shifts, but said people needed to understand the dangers and "mitigate the impact".
中文翻译
新的研究标明上晚班将损害健康
。尤其是它将增加患癌症、糖尿病、精神病以及各种心脏疾病的危险 。英国萨里大学的睡眠研究中心的研究员发现身体中的许多基因需要进行周期为24小时的循环,在这期间身体进入休息状态 。如果打破了这些循环,将会有1500种基因遭到破坏,最终将导致威胁生命的疾病 。Derk-Jan Dijk教授称:“这项研究影响重大,因为我们需要弄明白的是这些规律存在的原因,以及探讨所带来的后果 。人类有大约2万4000个基因
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重点讲解
1.mental illness 精神病
例句:Dr. Alzheimer was the first to notice the changes in the brain tissue of a woman who died of an mental illness.
阿兹海默医生是第一个注意到这个问题的人,问题源于一个女精神病人的大脑组织的改变
。2.switch off 切断
例句:He went to switch off the music.
他去关掉了音乐
。3.be susceptible to 易患
例句:The H5N1 virus is expected to be susceptible to the neuraminidase inhibitors.
H5N1病毒预期对神经氨酸酶抑制剂敏感
。4.immune system 免疫系统
例句:The immune system then kicks in, and the body and the virus wage all-out war.
此后,免疫系统开始发挥作用,身体与病毒之间的战争由此全面爆发
。听力题目
1.What suggested working shifts at night could damage one's health?
a) an Internet website
b) a documentary
c) a hospital
d) a report
2.In which country is the university that conducted the research?
a) Ukraine
b) England
c) South Africa
d) the USA
3.How many genes could get damaged?
a) all of them
b) 24,000
c) 14,520
d) as many as 1,500
4.What could damaged genes potentially result in?
a) compensation claims
b) the gene pool
c) life-threatening diseases
d) weight loss
5.What did a professor say we needed to discover?
a) the missing gene
b) ourselves
c) the secret of life
d) why rhythms exist
6.What do many genes do if they do not follow a regular sleeping pattern?
a) merge with adjacent genes
b) double in size
c) switch off
d) work faster
7.What did the article say becomes less efficient with irregular sleep?
a) the immune system
b) studying English
c) the rhythm of life
d) illness
8.What else is mentioned that upsets our sleeping pattern?
a) alcohol
b) alarm clocks
c) jet lag
d) stress and anxiety
9.What did a doctor say was difficult for people to change?
a) results
b) their lifestyle
c) pajamas (USA) pyjamas (UK)
d) genes
10.What did the doctor say people needed to understand?
a) the dangers of irregular sleep
b) how many genes we have
c) how to look after your genes
d) gene therapy
听力答案
1.d
2.b
3.d
4.c
5.d
6.c
7.a
8.c
9.b
10.a