VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):科学家研究3D打印活组织
日期:2014-11-05 09:25

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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From VOA Learning English, this is the Technology Report.

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Three-dimensional printers are fast becoming everyday devices in the United States. Three-D printers are used to make everything from automobile parts to bone replacements for human patients. American research scientists are now working on creating replacements for living tissue.

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Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina have been working on creating and manufacturing living tissue since 2003. This process is called biofabrication. It requires special printing equipment and a special kind of ink.

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Traditional printers require ink to produce an image or design on a piece of paper. For their three-D printer, the South Carolina researchers prepare complex nutritious solutions they call bio-inks. Bio-inks are made of proteins and glucose, which normally provides energy for most cells of the body. The researchers also add living cells taken from the animal that will receive the new, printed tissue. The bio-inks are then added to a device that researchers call the Palmetto bio-printer.

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Sarah Grace Dennis is one of the researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina. She says new technology, like the Palmetto bio-printer, is a great help to the biofabrication process.

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"When I got here a year ago, we were printing a-cellular bio-inks to see if patterns could be printed. And now we are printing skeletal muscle replica implants that we have been implanting into rats."

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The bio-inks are placed in three dispensers, containers, inside the printer. Lasers control both the position of the printing surface and the places where the bio-ink is released.

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Michael Yost is a leader of the research team. He says the printing process is fully automated - - machine-operated. He says that the Palmetto bio-printer makes it possible to create complex tissue types.

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"And with our 3-D bio-printer, we have been able to create new microvascular networks that we can then grow new tissues in very key areas such as pancreas, liver and kidney."

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The researchers say bio-printing is still experimental. But they hope in a few years they may be able to print tissue to replace damaged human organs.

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But there are still concerns with biofabrication. Some scientists worry about how to get blood to the replacement tissue. The flow of blood is important to keeping the printed tissue alive.

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Michael Yost hopes that more people will believe in the benefits of biofabrication.

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"Tissue biofabrication is a reality, and it is a reality now, and if you come here and you get to see it. You will get to see it. You can not touch it, but you will see it and think this is real. And this is really human."

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And that's the Technology Report from VOA Learning English. I'm Jonathan Evans.

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文本来自51voa,译文属可可原创,仅供学习交流使用,未经许可请勿转载n^L,]BLg0E54

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词汇解释

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1.replacement n. 更换;复位;代替者;补充兵员

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Taylor has nominated Adams as his replacement.
泰勒已经提名亚当斯为接替者uI_~z,Ah3E0~_

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2.solution n. 解决方案;溶液;溶解;解答

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Water precipitates camphor from its alcoholic solution.
水使樟脑从其酒精溶液中沉淀!*b1b;Ma(5V

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3.glucose n. 葡萄糖;葡糖(等于dextrose)

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The doctor injects glucose into the patient's vein.
医生把葡萄糖注射入病人的静脉df0gFEZxke

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4.dispenser n. 药剂师;施与者;分配者;自动售货机

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The dispenser quickly filled the prescription for me.
药剂师立刻照处方为我配了药UvzfFf9U;=^,8@

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5.microvascular adj. 微脉管的

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Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common diabetic microvascular complications.
糖尿病肾病是糖尿病最常见的微血管并发症之一hRO_W@8^.MqY1K_x

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内容解析

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1.American research scientists are now working on creating replacements for living tissue.

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work on 影响,对…起作用;继续工作;从事于…;设法说服

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The scientists are still working on inventing new methods of reaching outer space.
科学家们仍致力于发明到达外层空间的新方法o*B%4JE1Fp,N

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In order to make him accept our suggestion, I decided to work on him immediately.
为了让他接受我们的建议,我决定立刻对他做工作J%ZeXB|%n=x

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参考译文

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这里是美国之音慢速英语科技报道UyeN^A]S]VVBgV;G

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3D打印正快速成为美国的日常设备,3D打印机被用作制造从汽车零部件到人体骨骼替代品等一切东西KOjuux8&t_0pqX.Y_。美国研究科学家目前正努力制造活组织的替代品JsEikg+WwPT_pjHI

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南卡罗来纳医科大学的研究者们自2003年以来就努力制造活体组织,该过程叫做生物制造,需要专门的打印设备和特殊的墨水]|WXpP*P=LPTDij&

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传统打印机需要墨水来在纸上制造出图像或图案,但南卡罗莱的研究者们为他们的3D打印机准备了复杂的营养溶液—生物墨水B7+v@q1CjpW~(rS%5。生物墨水由蛋白质和葡萄糖组成,葡萄糖通常为人体的大部分细胞提供能量0TjZP^upoMIap1。研究者还添加了接受新打印组织的动物受体体内的活细胞,这种生物墨水然后被放入名为棕榈生物打印机的设备中jv1JvC@VeJJF

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莎拉·格雷斯·丹尼斯是南卡罗来纳医科大学的研究者,她说像棕榈生物打印机这样的新科技对生物制造过程来说是个很大的帮助tJNDj*i(SNe;

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“当我一年前来这里时,我们在用生物墨水打印细胞,看能否打印出来W8GXoZ9opE!9。现在我们在打印植入老鼠体内的骨骼肌仿生植入物=RZB)02CMkq^。”

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生物墨水被放置在打印机内部的三个分发器中,印刷面和释放墨水位置都由激光控制,yn=P14bXs]

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迈克尔·约斯特是该研究小组的负责人,他说打印过程完全自动化,由机器来操作RhrypHu;n&&w*p,9Q%h。他说棕榈生物打印机使得制造复杂的组织类型成为可能iFK(FO.j|]7O9x3y

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“有了这个3D生物打印机,我们就能制造新的微血管网络,然后在在胰腺、肝和肾等关键部位种植出新组织xwijjO8JMffwx%P_vEx.。”

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研究者称生物打印仍在试验中,但他们希望未来几年内能打印出替换人体受损器官的组织R|vXKEbN+71qokJ

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但人们对生物制造仍存在疑虑,有的科学家担心如何给替换组织供血,血流对保持这些打印组织的存活非常重要r9FGo_+9I^D3jDG]z_O.

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迈克尔·约斯特希望越来越多的人相信生物制造的益处ZNq^OQa(g4fpIW

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“组织的生物制造已成现实,现在已经实现了,如果你来这里,你就能看到它BQV1Cf3WSJN9Bh8)。你不能触摸它,但你能看到,你会认为这是真实的,这是真的人体组织Vg#p&+d4|tsF7||WS|e*。”

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这就是美国之音慢速英语科技报道,我是乔纳森·伊万斯[GJEO2VW[Tx7CW+v[|sk

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点击此处下载本期VOA慢速新闻讲解PDF与音频字幕

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重点单词
  • complexadj. 复杂的,复合的,合成的 n. 复合体,综合体,
  • solutionn. 解答,解决办法,溶解,溶液
  • traditionaladj. 传统的
  • nutritiousadj. 有营养的,滋养的
  • devicen. 装置,设计,策略,设备
  • replacevt. 取代,更换,将物品放回原处
  • replacementn. 更换,接替者
  • pancreasn. 胰脏
  • producen. 产品,农作物 vt. 生产,提出,引起,分娩,制片
  • replican. 复制品