听力文本

F.D.R pushed it up to 75% in the Depression, up to 94% in the World War II
罗斯福在大萧条时期又把它提高到了75%，在二战期间，一度达到了94%
and then from 1945 to 1964 all through the conservative Eisenhower years it stayed at 91%
接着从1945年到1964年，也就是艾森豪威尔在位的保守时期税率一直保持在91%
One thing I should say about Eisenhower, He was very much a moderate
关于艾森豪威尔，我有一点要说的是，他是一个十足的温和派人士
He let the Republican right wing attack communist and suppose it communist, He didn't really object to Joseph McCarthy
他允许共和党右翼攻击共产党人或有嫌疑的共产党人，不反对麦卡锡鼓吹苏联阴谋论
His vice president Richard Nixon was famous as a red batter at this period
他的副总统尼克松也是出名的反共主义者
but when you look at these tax policies today
但当你从现在的角度看这些税收政策
well you can imagine, how top marginal tax rate of 91% would be framed in today's political climate
你就能想象出来，91%的最高边际税率是如何在今天的政治环境下制定的
under the Democrats it dropped down to 70%, under Reagan era down to 50% and then 28%, Clinton brought that to 39%, it stands 35% now
民主党执政期间税率降到了70%，在里根时代税率降到50%，后来降到28%，克林顿在任时，升到了39%，现在稳定在35%

and there is obviously in this election, lots of talk about if that figure goes up again to something like 39% or 40%
在这次大选中如果税率，再次上升到39%或40%的水平，又会有很多可以挖掘的话题
that's something we can talk about more later on
这点我们可以以后再讨论
In the election 1956, Eisenhower against Stevenson again
在1956年大选中，艾森豪威尔再次对决史蒂芬森
Stevenson this time is advocating a less aggressive military policy around the world
史蒂芬森这一次主张一种不那么咄咄逼人的全球军事政策
he wanted to reduce military spending which was high in the 1950s of the percentage of US GDP
他希望减少军事开支，在1950年代军事开支是很高的，占了国内生产总值的很大一部分
He wanted to negotiate with the Soviet Union to reduce tensions
他想通过与苏联协商来缓和紧张的局面
and lo and behold the Russians invaded Budapest and crashed the Hungarian uprising
但后来俄罗斯袭击了布达佩斯并且镇压了匈牙利的起义
that doesn't do much for Stevenson's campaign at all
这对史蒂芬森的竞选起不到什么积极作用

视频及简介

这一集大致讲述了1920－1972年总统大选的历史与过程，主要以一战、1929大萧条、二战、美苏冷战为历史背景，穿插了西奥多罗斯福，富兰克林罗斯福，杜鲁门，肯尼迪等几位著名美国总统的竞选和执政经历。