英语PK台(MP3+文本) 第426期:独立主格(2)
日期:2017-02-17 09:00

(单词翻译:单击)

独立主格结构基本标配
名词(代词)+现在分词;名词(代词)+过去分词;名词(代词)+不定式;名词(代词)+形容词;名词(代词)+副词;名词(代词)+名词;名词(代词)+介词短语
6. 名词(代词)+名词
His first shot failure, he fired again.
他第一枪没击中,又打了一枪。
Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.
两百人死于事故,其中有许多儿童。
7. 名词(代词)+介词短语
The huntsman entered the forest, gun in hand.
那位猎人手里提着枪走进了树林。

with/without 引导的独立主格结构

with ( without)+宾语(名词/代词)+宾语补足语,宾语通常由名词或代词充当,但代词一定要用宾格。上文的独立主格结构的几种情况都适用于此结构。
The girl hid her box without anyone knowing where it was.
小女孩把盒子藏了起来,没有人知道它在哪里。(without +名词/代词+动词的-ing形式)
Without a word more spoken, she left the meeting room.
她没再说什么话就离开了会议室。(without+名词/代词+动词的-ed形式)
The kid feels excited with so many places of interest to visit.
有这么多的名胜可参观,小孩很激动。(with+名词/代词+动词不定式)
The boy was walking, with his father ahead.
父亲在前,小孩在后走着。(with+名词/代词+副词)
He stood at the door, with a computer in his hand. 或 He stood at the door, computer in hand.
他站在门口,手里拿着一部电脑。(with+名词/代词+介词短语)
With his son so disappointing, the old man felt unhappy.
由于儿子如此令人失望,老人感到很不快乐。(with+名词/代词+形容词)
注意:在with (without) 的复合结构中,多数情况下with 能省略,但without 不能省略。

独立主格结构的句法功能

独立主格结构在句中一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等,还可以作定语。
1. 作时间状语
My shoes removed, I entered a low-ceilinged room, treading cautiously on the soft tatami matting.
我脱掉鞋子后,走进一间屋顶很低的房间,小心翼翼地踩在柔软的塌塌米垫子上。
The governor pondering the matter, more strikers gathered across his path.
总督思考问题时,更多的罢工工人聚集在他要通过的路上。




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